1. Ukongeza inkqubo
Ibhekisa kwinkqubo yokukhula ngokuthe ngqo kwemigca yabaqhubi bendawo enobungqingili bekhemikhali kubume be-substrate non-conductor ngoncedo lwe-arhente yokuxhathisa eyongezelelweyo (jonga kwiphepha 62, No. 47, Ijenali yolwazi lwebhodi yesekethe ngeenkcukacha). Iindlela zokongeza ezisetyenziswa kwiibhodi zesekethe zinokwahlulwa ngokudityaniswa ngokupheleleyo, ukudibanisa okuphakathi kunye nokongezwa okungaphelelanga.
2. Iipleyiti ezixhasayo
Luhlobo lwebhodi yesekethe enobunzima obukhulu (njenge-0.093 “, 0.125”), esetyenziselwa ngokukodwa ukucofa kunye nokunxibelelana nezinye iibhodi. Inkqubo kukufaka okokuqala isinxibelelanisi seepin ezininzi ekucofeni ngaphandle komngxunya, kwaye emva koko ucofe ucingo nganye nganye ngendlela yokubhijela kwisikhonkwane ngasinye sesikhonkco esidlula kwibhodi. Ibhodi yesekethe ngokubanzi inokufakwa kwisinxibelelanisi. Ngenxa yokuba umngxunya wale bhodi ikhethekileyo ayinakuthengiswa, kodwa udonga lomngxunya kunye nesikhonkwane sikhonkxiwe ngokuthe ngqo ekusebenziseni, ke umgangatho wayo kunye neemfuno zokuvula zivumeleke ngokukodwa, kwaye ubungakanani bayo beodolo abukho baninzi. Abavelisi bebhodi yesekethe ngokubanzi abafuni kwaye kunzima ukwamkela lo myalelo, ophantse waba ngumzi-mveliso okhethekileyo okumgangatho ophezulu eUnited States.
3. Yakha inkqubo
Le yeyona ndlela icekeceke yokwaleka kwamacandelo amaninzi kwicandelo elitsha. UkuKhanyiselwa kwangoko kwavela kwinkqubo ye-SLC ye-IBM kwaye kwaqala ukuveliswa kwetyala kwishishini laseYasu eJapan ngo-1989. Le ndlela isekwe kwipleyiti yamacala amabini emveli. Amacwecwe amabini angaphandle agutyungelwe ngokupheleleyo zizinto ezingaphambi kokujonga ifoto njenge-probmer 52. Emva kokwenza lukhuni kunye nesisombululo somfanekiso wefoto, “ifoto nge” engenzulwanga edityaniswe nongqameko olulandelayo lwangaphantsi, Emva kobhedu lweekhemikhali nobhedu olusetyenzisiweyo lusetyenziselwa ukwandisa ngokubanzi umaleko wabaqhubi, nasemva kokucinga ngomfanekiso kunye nokutsalwa, iintambo ezintsha kunye nemingxunya engcwatyelweyo okanye imingxunya engaboniyo edibene nongqameko olungezantsi inokufunyanwa. Ngale ndlela, inani elifunekayo lamanqanaba ebhodi ye-multilayer inokufunyanwa ngokongeza iileya eziphindaphindayo. Le ndlela ayikwazi kuphela ukunqanda kuphela iindleko ukubhola mechanical, kodwa ukunciphisa umngxuma sangqa ngaphantsi kwe 10mil. Kule minyaka mihlanu ukuya kwemithandathu idlulileyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobuchwephesha beebhodi ezininzi ezophula isithethe kunye nokwamkela umaleko ziye zakhuthazwa ngokuqhubekayo ngabavelisi eUnited States, eJapan naseYurophu, zisenza ukuba ezi nkqubo zidume, kwaye zingaphezulu iintlobo ezilishumi iimveliso kwimarike. Ukongeza kule “pore photosensitive forming”; Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo “zokwenza ipore” ezinje ngokuluma kwealkaline, i-laser ablation kunye neplasma etching yeepleyiti emva kokususa isikhumba sobhedu kwindawo enemingxunya. Ukongeza, uhlobo olutsha lwe “resin camera coil foil” egutyungelwe nge-resin hard resin inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhodi ezomeleleyo, ezixineneyo, ezincinci kunye nezicothayo nge-lamination ngokulandelelana. Kwixesha elizayo, iimveliso zekhompyuter ezizintlobo ngeentlobo ziya kuba lihlabathi lale bhodi ibhityileyo, imfutshane kunye nolwahlu oluninzi.
4. ICermet iTaojin
I-ceramic powder ixutywe kunye ne-powder yensimbi, kwaye emva koko i-adhesive yongezwa njengengubo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukubekwa njengelaphu le “resistor” kumphezulu webhodi yesekethe (okanye umaleko wangaphakathi) ngohlobo lwefilimu eshinyeneyo okanye ukushicilelwa kwefilimu ebhityileyo, ukuze kubuyiswe isilathisi sangaphandle ngexesha lendibano.
5. Co ukudubula
Yinkqubo yokuvelisa yebhodi yesekethe yebhodi yebrikhi. Iisekethe eziprintwe zineentlobo ngeentlobo zesinyithi esinefilimu esincamathelisiweyo kwibhodi encinci zitshiswa kubushushu obuphezulu. Izithwali ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo kwifilimu eshinyeneyo ziyatshiswa, kushiye imigca yeenqwelo ezixabisekileyo zesinyithi njengeengcingo ezidityanisiweyo.
6. Ukuwela iCrossover
Indawo enqamlezileyo ethe nkqo emibini ethe tyaba kunye neekhondaktha ezijikeleze umphezulu webhodi, kunye nethambeka lendlela elizalisiweyo ligcwele indawo yokugquma. Ngokubanzi, i-carbon film jumper yongezwa kumphezulu wepeyinti eluhlaza wepaneli enye, okanye i-wiring engentla nangaphantsi kwendlela yokongeza umaleko yile “yokuwela”.
7. Yenza ibhodi yocingo
Oko kukuthi, enye intetho yebhodi ye-wiring eyahlukeneyo yenziwa ngokufaka isetyhula enamelled ucingo kumgangatho webhodi kunye nokongeza kwimingxunya. Ukusebenza kolu hlobo lwebhodi edityanisiweyo kumgca wokuhambisa amaza aphezulu kubhetele kunesekethe yesikwere ethe tyaba eyenziwe yi-PCB ngokubanzi.
8. I-Dycosttrate iplasma yomngxunya okhulayo okonyusa indlela yomaleko
Yinkqubo yokwakha ephuhliswe yinkampani yedyconex ebekwe eZurich, eSwitzerland. Yindlela yokutshixa ifoyile yobhedu kwindawo nganye yomngxunya kumphezulu wepleyiti kuqala, emva koko uyibeke kwindawo evaliweyo, kwaye ugcwalise i-CF4, i-N2 kunye ne-O2 ukwenza ionize phantsi kwamandla ombane ukwenza iplasma ngomsebenzi omkhulu, ukuze zeka i-substrate kwindawo yomngxunya kwaye uvelise imingxunya encinci yokuqhuba (ngaphantsi kwe-10mil). Inkqubo yayo yorhwebo ibizwa ngokuba yi-dycostrate.
9. I-Electro yabeka ifotoresist
Yindlela entsha yokwakha ye- “photoresist”. Ekuqaleni yayisetyenziselwa “ukupeyinta ngombane” kwezinto zesinyithi ezinemilo entsonkothileyo. Kutshanje kufakwe isicelo se “photoresist”. Le nkqubo yamkela indlela electroplating ukuba ngokulinganayo idyasi amasuntswana colloidal ityala nentlaka optically ethe-ethe kumgangatho wobhedu kwibhodi yesekethe njenge inhibitor anti etching. Okwangoku, sele isetyenzisiwe kwimveliso yobuninzi kwinkqubo yokukhangela ubhedu ngqo kwiplate yangaphakathi. Olu hlobo lwe-ED photoresist lunokubekwa kwi-anode okanye kwi-cathode ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, ezibizwa ngokuba yi “anode type electric photoresist” kunye ne “cathode type electric photoresist”. Ngokwemigaqo eyahlukeneyo yeefoto, kukho iindidi ezimbini: ukusebenza kakubi nokusebenza ngokukuko. Okwangoku, i-photoresist esebenza kakubi sele ithengisiwe, kodwa inokusetyenziswa kuphela njenge-photoresist yeplanethi. Kuba kunzima ukwenza ifotoensitize emngxunyeni, ayinakusetyenziselwa ukuhambisa umfanekiso kwisitya sangaphandle. Ngokubhekiselele kwi “ed ed” enokusetyenziswa njengefotoresist kwipleyiti yangaphandle (kuba yifilimu yokubola yefotosensitive, nangona i-photosensitivity eludongeni lomngxunya ayonelanga, ayinampembelelo). Okwangoku, ishishini laseJapan lisaqinisa iinzame zalo, ngethemba lokuqhuba imveliso yorhwebo ngobuninzi, ukuze imveliso elula yemigca ebhityileyo ibelula. Eli gama likwabizwa ngokuba yi “electrophoretic photoresist”.
10. I-Flush conductor efakwe kwisekethe, i-flat conductor
Ibhodi yesekethe ekhethekileyo umphezulu wayo uthe tyaba ngokupheleleyo kwaye yonke imigca yabaqhubi icinezelwe kwisitya. Inkqubo enye yephaneli kukususa inxenye yefoyile yobhedu kwisitya seplate esinyangiweyo esincinci ngendlela yokudlulisa umfanekiso ukufumana isekethe. Emva koko cofa isekethe yomphezulu webhodi kwisitya esomeleleyo esiqinisiweyo ngendlela yeqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ukusebenza kokuqina kwentlaka yepleyiti kunokugqitywa, ukuze ube yibhodi yesekethe enemigca ethe tyaba irhoxisiwe umphezulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, umaleko wobhedu obhityileyo kufuneka ubotshelelwe kancinci kumgangatho wesekethe apho ibhodi ibirhoxisiwe khona, ukuze enye i-0.3mil nickel umaleko, i-20 ye-intshi encinci ye-rhodium umaleko okanye i-10 ye-intshi encinci yegolide ifakwe, ukuze umfowunelwa Ukuxhathisa kunokuba sezantsi kwaye kube lula ukutyibilika xa kusenziwa umfowunelwa wokutyibilika. Nangona kunjalo, i-PTH akufuneki isetyenziswe kule ndlela ukunqanda umngxunya ekutyunyuzweni ngexesha lokucinezela ngaphakathi, kwaye akukho lula kule bhodi ukufezekisa umphezulu ogudileyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa kubushushu obuphezulu ukukhusela umgca Ukugxothwa ngaphandle kobuso emva kokwandiswa kwentlaka. Obu buchwephesha bukwabizwa ngokuba yindlela ye-etch kunye ne-Push, kwaye ibhodi egqityiweyo ibizwa ngokuba yibhodi ebotshiweyo egungxulwayo, enokusetyenziselwa iinjongo ezizodwa njengokutshintsha kotshintsho kunye nokunxibelelana kweentambo.
11. Frit iglasi frit
Ukongeza kwiikhemikhali zentsimbi ezixabisekileyo, umgubo weglasi kufuneka wongezwe kwifilimu eshinyeneyo (PTF) yokushicilela, ukuze unike umdlalo kwi-agglomeration kunye nokubambelela kwisiphumo sobushushu obuphezulu, ukuze uncamathisele kwi-substrate engenanto ye-ceramic Unokwenza inkqubo yesekethe exabisekileyo exabisekileyo.
12. Inkqubo epheleleyo yokongeza
Yindlela yokukhulisa imijikelezo ekukhetheni ipleyiti efakwe igqunyiwe ngendlela yentsimbi (uninzi lwazo lububhedu bemichiza), ebizwa ngokuba “yindlela yokudibanisa epheleleyo”. Enye ingxelo engachanekanga yindlela “epheleleyo ye-electroless”.
13. Isiphaluka esihlanganisiweyo esidibeneyo
Imodeli yokusebenziseka inxulumene nesekethe yokufaka i-inki exabisekileyo yentsimbi kwi-porcelain encinci yesiseko esincinci ngokuprinta, emva koko itshise into ephilayo kwi-inki kubushushu obuphezulu, ishiye isekethe yomqhubi kwipleyiti yomphezulu, kunye nokudibanisa umhlaba odibeneyo iinxalenye zinokwenziwa. Imodeli yokusetyenziswa inxulumene nomphathi wesekethe phakathi kwebhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo kunye nesekethe yomdibaniso yesekethe edityanisiweyo, eyeyetekhnoloji yefilimu eshinyeneyo. Kwiintsuku zokuqala, yayisetyenziselwa ezomkhosi okanye izicelo zokuhamba rhoqo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu, ukwehla komkhosi, kunye nobunzima bemveliso ezenzekelayo, kudityaniswa nokwanda kwezinto ezincinci kunye nokuchaneka kweebhodi zesekethe, ukukhula kwale hybridi kusezantsi kakhulu kunakwiminyaka yokuqala.
14. Umqhubi womnxibelelanisi we-interposer
I-Interposer ibhekisa nakweyiphi na imiqolo emibini yeekhondaktha eziqhutywa yinto enokugquma enokuqhagamshelwa ngokongeza ezinye izinto ezizalisayo kwindawo eza kudityaniswa. Umzekelo, ukuba imingxunya engenanto yamacwecwe ama-multilayer agcwaliswe ngesincamathelisi sesilivere okanye isincamathelisi sobhedu sokutshintsha udonga lomngxunya wobhedu, okanye izinto ezinje ngokuma nkqo kwe-unidirectional umaleko wokuncamathela, zonke zilolu hlobo lokungenelela.