Tomai tisaini vaʻaia PCB mamanu mamanu

Lautele PCB faʻavae mamanu gaioiga e faapenei: sauniuniga muamua ->; PCB structure design -& GT; Polokalame PCB – & gt; Maua uila – & gt; Routing optimization ma lau lolomiina -> Fesoʻotaʻiga ma DRC asiasiga ma asiasiga faʻavae -> Plate making.

First: preparation. This includes preparing component libraries and schematics. “To do good work, must first sharpen its device”, to make a good board, in addition to the principle of good design, but also draw well. Ae le i fuafuaina le PCB, e tatau ona saunia muamua le potu tusi o le polokalame skema ma le vaega o le potu tusi. E mafai ona faʻaaogaina faletusi a le Peotel, ae o le mea lautele e faigata ona suʻe se faletusi talafeagai, e sili le faia o sau oe faletusi e tusa ma le tulaga masani o le tele o mea filifilia. In principle, make PCB component library first, and then SCH component library. PCB vaega faletusi manaʻoga e maualuga, e tuusaʻo aʻafia le laupapa faʻatulagaina; E manaʻomia le avanoa o le potu tusi a le aoga a le SCH, peʻa totogi atu le mafaufau ile faʻauigaina o uiga o pin ma le fesoʻotaʻiga fesoʻotaʻi ma vaega ole PCB. PS: Matau pine natia i le faletusi masani. Ma o le ata faʻatulagaina mamanu, sauni e faia PCB mamanu.

Lua: PCB fausaga mamanu. I lenei sitepu, e tusa ai ma le lapoʻa laupapa lapoʻa ma masini tulaga, PCB laupapa luga ua tusia i le PCB mamanu siosiomaga, ma fesoʻotaʻiga, faʻamau / ki, faʻovili pu, faʻaputuputu pu ma isi ua tuʻuina atu i tulaga faʻatulagaina manaʻoga. Ma mafaufau maeʻaeʻa ma fuafua le vaega o le uaea ma le vaega o le uaea (e pei o le a le tele o le faovilivili pu faʻataʻamilomilo le vaega o le uaea).

Lona tolu: faʻatulagaina PCB. Layout is basically putting devices on a board. Ile taimi nei, a fai uma sauniuniga galuega o loʻo taʻua i luga, e mafai ona gaosia le laulau fesoʻotaʻiga i luga ole ata faʻapitoa (Design->; Fausia le ListNetlist), ona faaulufale mai ai lea o le laulau i luga ole ata ole PCB (design-gt; LoadNets). Vaʻai le hubbub masini o le faʻaputuga atoa luga, i le va o pine ma lele laina vave fesoʻotaʻiga. Oe mafai ona faʻapipiʻi le masini. O le lautele faʻatulagaina o loʻo faʻatinoina e tusa ma mataupu silisili nei:

(1). According to the electrical performance reasonable partition, generally divided into: digital circuit area (that is, afraid of interference, and interference), analog circuit area

(fear of interference), power drive area (interference source);

(2). Complete the same function of the circuit, should be placed as close as possible, and adjust the components to ensure the most simple connection; I le taimi e tasi, fetuʻunaʻi le tulaga faʻatulagaina i le va o poloka aoga e fai ai le fesoʻotaʻiga i le va o poloka poloka e sili ona puʻupuʻu;

(3). Faʻapipiʻi tulaga ma faapipiiina malosi tatau ona mafaufauina mo vaega ma tele tele; O le elemeni elemeni e tatau ona vavae ese mai le vevela elemene elemene, ma afai e tatau ai, vevela faʻasologa fua e tatau ona mafaufauina;

(4). I/O drive device as close as possible to the edge of the printing plate, close to the outlet connector;

(5). Clock generator (pei o le: oscillator tioata poʻo le oscillator uati) tatau ona latalata i le mea e mafai ai i le masini faʻaaogaina le uati;

6. In each integrated circuit between the power input pin and the ground, need to add a decoupling capacitor (generally using high frequency good monolithic capacitor); A tantalum capacitor mafai foi ona tuʻu faataamilo i le tele o tuʻufaʻatasia liʻo pe a fai o le matagaluega laupapa avanoa e utiuti.

Tagata uma e ona fanua. Moligafua coil e faaopoopo debit diode (1N4148 mafai ona);

I aso nei. O tulaga faʻatulagaina manaʻoga e tatau ona paleni, mafiafia ma maopoopo, ae le o luga-mamafa pe mamafa

– Faʻapitoa mataʻituina tatau ona totogia i le moni tele (eria ma le maualuga) o vaega ma le tulaga faʻatulagaina o vaega pe a tuʻuina ia vaega e mautinoa ai le eletise faʻatinoina o le matagaluega laupapa ma le talafeagai ma faigofie o le gaosiga ma faʻapipiʻiina. I le taimi lava e tasi, o mataupu faʻavae i luga e tatau ona atagia mai

Lalo o le vaʻaiga, suia lelei le faʻatulagaina o masini ina ia faʻalelei ma matagofie. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, o masini lava e tasi e tatau ona tuʻu faʻalelei ma i le itu e tasi, ae leʻo le “salalau solo”. O lenei sitepu e atugalu i le faigata o le laupapa faʻatasi numera ma isi laina faʻailoga, manaʻo e faʻaalu se taumafaiga tele e mafaufau ai. Pe a faʻatulagaina, mafai ona faia muamua paʻepaʻea muamua i le le lava faʻamaonia nofoaga, lava iloiloga.

Lona fa: uaea. Ole faʻasologa ole auala e sili ona taua ile PCB design. Lenei o le a aafia saʻo ai le faatinoga o le laupapa PCB. In the process of PCB design, wiring generally has such three levels of division: the first is the distribution, which is the most basic requirement of PCB design. If the line is not cloth, get everywhere is flying line, it will be a unqualified board, can say that there is no entry. The second is the satisfaction of electrical performance. Ole tulaga masani lea e fua ai pe ua agavaʻa se laupapa matagaluega. This is after the distribution, carefully adjust the wiring, so that it can achieve the best electrical performance. Ma e i ai mea matagofie. Afai o lau uila ie na fesoʻotaʻi, ia aua foʻi neʻi i ai se nofoaga e afaina ai le faʻatinoina o le eletise, ae vaʻai tuai, faʻaopoopo felanulanuaʻi, lanu sesega, e fuafua lelei ai le lelei o lau masini eletise, o loʻo avea pea ma lapisi i mata o isi. Lenei aumaia ai sili faigata i le suʻega ma tausiga. O le faʻapipiʻiina e tatau ona mama ma toniga, ae leʻo felavasaʻi e aunoa ma tulafono. O nei mea uma e tatau ona ausia i le tulaga o le mautinoaina o le faʻatinoina o le eletise ma faʻafetaui isi manaʻoga taʻitasi, a leai o le lafoa lea o le fatu. E tatau ona faʻatinoina le faʻaogaina o laina e tusa ai ma mataupu faʻavae nei:

(1). I se tulaga lautele, o le uaea eletise ma le uaea uaea e tatau ona faʻasolosolo muamua ina ia mautinoa le faʻaaogaina eletise o le matagaluega laupapa. I le lautele o le tulaga faʻatagaina, faʻalauteleina le lautele o le paoa sapalai, eleele uaea i le mea e mafai ai, e sili ona lelei o le uaea eleele e lautele atu nai lo le laina eletise, o la latou sootaga o: eleele uaea> laina eletise> laina faʻailo, e masani lava o laina laina lautele o : 0.2 ~ 0.3mm, o le lautele manifinifi mafai ona oʻo i le 0.05 ~ 0.07mm, eletise laina 1.2 ~ 2.5mm masani. O le PCB o se numera faʻamalama mafai ona faʻaaogaina i totonu o se matagaluega ma lautele eleele conductors, o lona uiga, o le eleele fesootaiga. (E le mafai ona faʻaaogaina faʻamatalaga faʻavae i lenei auala.)

(2). I luma atu, uaea manaʻomia manaʻoga (e pei o maualuga laina laina) mo faʻapipiʻi, sao ma paipa laina itu tatau ona aloese mai tafatafa tutusa, ina ia le maua fua atagia faʻalavelave. When necessary, ground wire should be added to isolate, and the wiring of two adjacent layers should be perpendicular to each other, which is easy to produce parasitic coupling in parallel.

(3). O le oscillator fale e tatau ona faʻavaeina, ma o le uati laina e tatau ona pei o le puʻupuʻu e mafai ai, ma le sosolo uma i luga o le nofoaga. Lalo o le uati oscillation matagaluega, o le faʻapitoa maualuga-saosaoa faʻamalamalama manatu tatau faʻateleina le eria o le eleele, ma e le tatau ona o atu i isi faʻailo laina, ina ia le faʻataʻamiloina eletise fanua ono i le zero;

(4). Ina ia mafai ona faʻaititia le paʻu o le maualuga taimi faailo, 45O laina motusia tatau ona faʻaaogaina i le mamao e mafai ai, nai lo le 90O laina motusia. (Maualuga manaʻoga o le laina faʻaaoga foʻi faʻalua arc)

(5). Soʻo se laina faʻailo e le tatau ona faia se matasele, pe a le mafai ona ‘alofia, matasele tatau ona laʻititi e mafai ai; O laina faʻailo i totonu o le pu e tatau ona laʻititi lava mafai;

6. O le ki laina e tatau ona puʻupuʻu ma mafiafia, ma puipuiga i itu uma e lua.

Tagata uma e ona fanua. A oʻo loa i faʻailo laufanua ma faʻailo leo e ala ile uaea mafolafola, e faʻaaogaina le metotia ole “eleele – faʻailo – uaea eleele”.

I aso nei. O suʻega e tatau ona faʻapolopoloina mo faʻailoga autu e faʻafaigofie ai le gaosiga ma le faʻataʻitaʻiga o suʻega

Ruby igoa-fagafao. A maeʻa faʻamaumauga ata ua maeʻa, uaea e tatau ona faʻamautinoaina; I le taimi lava e tasi, a maeʻa le muamua siaki fesoʻotaʻiga ma DRC siaki e saʻo, o le eleele uaea ua faʻatumuina i le eria e aunoa ma uaea, ma o se tele vaega o apamemea vaega o loʻo faʻaaogaina e pei o uaea eleele, ma o nofoaga le faʻaaogaina e fesoʻotaʻi ma le eleele e pei o uaea eleele i luga o le laupapa lolomi. Po o le faia ia tele-vaega laupapa, paoa sapalai, grounding laina taʻitasi nofoia se vaega.

– PCB faʻagasologa manaʻoga manaʻoga

(1). laina

E masani lava, o le lautele laina faʻailo o 0.3mm (12mil), ma le laina laina lautele o 0.77mm (30mil) poʻo le 1.27mm (50mil). Laina ma

O le mamao i le va o laina ma le va o laina ma pads tatau ona sili atu nai lo pe tutusa ma 0.33mm (13mil). I faʻaoga aoga, e tatau ona mafaufauina e faʻateleina le mamao pe a faʻatagaina tulaga; A maualuga le cabling density, e fautuaina (ae le fautuaina) e faʻaaoga lua uaea i le va o pine a le IC. O le lautele o uaea e 0.254mm (10mil), ma le mamao i le va o uaea e le itiiti ifo i le 0.254mm (10mil).

I lalo o tulaga faʻapitoa, pe a fai o le pine o le masini e mafiafia ma o le lautele e vaapiapi, o le laina lautele ma le laina avanoa e mafai ona faʻaititia talafeagai.

(2). PAD (PAD)

O manaʻoga masani o le PAD ma le hole hole (VIA) e: o le lautele o le PAD e sili atu i le 0.6mm nai lo le lautele o le pu; Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, teteʻe lautele ituaiga resistors, capacitors ma tuʻufaʻatasia taʻamilosaga, faʻaaogaina disk / pu tele 1.6mm / 0.8mm (63mil / 32mil), mataʻitusi, pine ma diode 1N4007, faʻaaogaina 1.8mm / 1.0mm (71mil / 39mil). I le faʻaoga aoga, e tatau ona fuafuaina e tusa ma le tele o vaega moni. Afai e avanoa tulaga, o le tele o le pad e mafai ona faʻaopoopo talafeagai. O le faʻapipiʻi aperture o vaega na fuafuaina i luga o le laupapa PCB tatau ona tusa ma le 0.2 ~ 0.4mm lapoʻa nai lo le moni tele o pine.

(3). Ala i pu (VIA)

Masani 1.27mm / 0.7mm (50mil / 28mil);

A maualuga le faʻapipiʻi maualuga, o le pu tele e mafai ona faʻaititia talafeagai, ae le laʻititi, e mafai ona mafaufau 1.0mm / 0.6mm (40mil / 24mil).

(4). Avanoa manaʻoga mo pads, uaea ma ala-pu

PADandVIA: ≥0.3mm (12mil)

PADandPAD: ≥0.3mm (12mil)

PADandTRACK: ≥0.3mm (12mil)

TRACKandTRACK: ≥0.3mm (12mil)

A maualuga le maualuga:

PADandVIA: ≥0.254mm (10mil)

PADandPAD: ≥0.254mm (10mil)

PADandTRACK: ≥0.254mm (10mil)

TRACKandTRACK: ≥0.254mm (10mil)

Lona lima: faʻaleleia atili o uaea ma le lolomiga o lau. “E leai se sili, na o le sili atu”! Tusa lava pe o le a le tele o taumafaiga e te tuʻuina i le ata, pe a maeʻa oe, toe vaʻai i ai, ma o le a e lagona lava e mafai ona e suia tele. O se tulafono lautele mamanu o le limamatua o le sili ona lelei uaea e faaluaina le umi nai lo le amataga uaea. O le taimi lava e te lagona ai e leai se mea e manaʻo e toe faʻaleleia, e mafai ona e Tuʻu le ‘apamemea. PolygonPlane). O le faʻapipiʻiina o le kopa e masani ona faʻataʻatia le uaea (ia faʻalogo i le tuʻu eseʻesega o analog ma numera numera), multilayer laupapa ono manaʻomia foʻi e tuʻu le paoa. Mo vaitusi lolomi, e tatau ona tatou mataala ia aua nei poloka e le masini pe aveʻese e le pu ma le pad. I le taimi e tasi, mamanu e feagai ma le vaega luga, o le pito i lalo o le upu tatau ona faʻata faʻataʻitaʻiga, ina ia aua nei fenumiai le tulaga.

Ono: fesootaiga ma DRC siaki ma siaki fausaga. Muamua lava, i luga o le vaʻaiga e faapea o le polokalame faʻataʻitaʻi e saʻo, o le gaosia PCB network files ma faila faʻafesoʻotaʻi faila o NETCHKO mo faʻafesoʻotaʻiga vavalalata sootaga, ma o le mamanu ua teuteuina taimi e tusa ai ma faʻaiuga faila faila ina ia mautinoa le saʻo o fesoʻotaʻiga fesoʻotaʻiga vavalalata; A maeʻa ona pasia le siaki fesoʻotaʻiga, DRC siaki o le a faia i luga o le PCB design, ma o le a toe teuteuina le mamanu e tusa ai ma le faila o faʻaiuga iuga i le taimi e mautinoa ai le faʻaaogaina eletise o PCB uaea. I le iuga, o le masini faʻatulagaina fausaga o PCB tatau ona toe siaki ma faʻamaonia.

Lona fitu: faia o ipu. It is best to have a review process before doing so.

PCB design o se suʻega o le mafaufau o le galuega, o ai e latalata i le mafaufau, maualuga le poto masani, o le ata o le laupapa e lelei. Ma o le mamanu e tatau ona matua faʻaeteete, mafaufau maeʻaeʻa mea uma o vaega (pei o le faʻafaigofieina o le tausiga ma le asiasia o lenei o le toʻatele o tagata e le mafaufauina), silisili, o le a mafai ona mamanuina se laupapa lelei.