In PCB mbadamba imewe, maka ndị injinia, ime sekit bụ ihe kacha mkpa. However, many engineers tend to be cautious and careful in the design of complex and difficult PCB boards, while ignoring some points to be paid attention to in the design of basic PCB boards, resulting in mistakes. Eserese sekit zuru oke nwere ike nwee nsogbu ma ọ bụ gbajie kpamkpam mgbe a tụgharịrị ya na PCB. Yabụ, iji nyere ndị injinia aka belata mgbanwe imewe ma melite arụmọrụ ọrụ na imewe PCB, a na -atụpụta ọtụtụ akụkụ ị ga -elebara anya na usoro nhazi PCB ebe a.

Nhazi usoro ikpo ọkụ na imepụta bọọdụ PCB

N’ime imepụta bọọdụ PCB, imepụta sistemụ jụrụ oyi gụnyere usoro jụrụ oyi na nhọrọ ihe jụrụ oyi, yana ịtụle ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ oyi. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụzọ jụrụ oyi nke bọọdụ PCB gụnyere: jụrụ oyi site na bọọdụ PCB n’onwe ya, na -agbakwunye radiator na bọọdụ ntụnye ọkụ na bọọdụ PCB, wdg.

N’ime usoro mbadamba PCB ọdịnala, a na -ejikarị mkpụrụ osisi ọla kọpa/epoxy iko ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ akwa akwa phenolic resin, yana obere mpempe akwụkwọ e ji ọla kọpa kpuchie, ihe ndị a nwere arụmọrụ eletriki dị mma yana arụmọrụ nhazi, mana adịghị mma. Due to the large use of QFP, BGA and other surface mounted components in the current PCB board design, the heat generated by components is transmitted to THE PCB board in large quantities. Therefore, the most effective way to solve the heat dissipation is to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the PCB board directly in contact with the heating element, and conduct or emit it through the PCB board.

Notes for designing heat dissipation system on PCB board

Figure 1: PCB board design _ Heat dissipation system design

Mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ihe dị na bọọdụ PCB nwere oke ọkụ, enwere ike itinye ihe mkpuchi ọkụ ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ ọkụ na ngwaọrụ kpo oku nke bọọdụ PCB; Mgbe enweghị ike iwetu okpomọkụ ahụ, enwere ike iji radiator na fan. Mgbe enwere igwe na -ekpo ọkụ dị ukwuu na bọọdụ PCB, enwere ike iji nnukwu ite ọkụ. Enwere ike ijikọ ihe ọkụ ọkụ n’elu akụkụ ahụ ka ọ nwee ike ịjụ oyi site na ịkpọtụrụ akụkụ ọ bụla na bọọdụ PCB. Kọmputa ndị ọkachamara eji eme ihe onyonyo na ihe nkiri na -adịkwa mkpa ka ajụ oyi site na mmiri jụrụ oyi.

Nhọrọ na nhazi nke ihe dị na imewe bọọdụ PCB

Na imepụta bọọdụ PCB, enweghị mgbagha ọ bụla ihu nhọrọ nke ngwa. Nkọwa nke akụkụ ọ bụla dị iche, na njirimara nke ngwa ndị nrụpụta dị iche iche mepụtara nwere ike ịdị iche maka otu ngwaahịa. Yabụ, mgbe ị na -ahọrọ akụrụngwa maka imepụta bọọdụ PCB, ọ dị mkpa ịkpọtụrụ onye na -ebubata ngwaahịa ka ọ mata njirimara nke ngwa wee ghọta mmetụta nke njirimara ndị a na imepụta bọọdụ PCB.

N’oge a, ịhọrọ ebe nchekwa dị mma dịkwa oke mkpa maka imebe PCB. N’ihi na a na -emelite ebe nchekwa DRAM na Flash oge niile, ọ bụ nnukwu ihe ịma aka maka ndị nrụpụta PCB idobe ụdị ọhụrụ ahụ na mmetụta nke ahịa ebe nchekwa. Ndị na -emepụta PCB ga -eleba anya n’ahịa ebe nchekwa ma nwee njikọ chiri anya na ndị nrụpụta.

Ọgụgụ 2: imewe bọọdụ PCB _ Oke ikpo ọkụ na ọkụ

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a ga -agbakọọ akụkụ ụfọdụ nwere nnukwu mkpofu ọkụ, nhazi ha dịkwa mkpa nlebara anya pụrụ iche. Mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ngwakọta ọnụ, ha nwere ike iwepụta ọkụ karịa, na -ebute mbibi na nkewa nke oyi akwa ịgbado ọkụ, ma ọ bụ ọbụna gbanye bọọdụ PCB niile. So PCB design and layout engineers must work together to ensure that components have the right layout.

Nhazi ahụ kwesịrị ibu ụzọ tụlee nha nke bọọdụ PCB. Mgbe nha bọọdụ PCB buru oke ibu, ogologo ahịrị ebipụtara, impedance na-abawanye, ikike mkpọtụ na-ebelata, ọnụ ahịa na-abawanye; Ọ bụrụ na bọọdụ PCB pere mpe, ikpo ọkụ adịghị mma, na ahịrị ndị dị ya nso dị mfe nsogbu. Mgbe itinyere nha bọọdụ PCB, chọpụta ọnọdụ nke ihe mejupụtara ya. N’ikpeazụ, dị ka ngalaba na -arụ ọrụ nke sekit ahụ, ewepụtara ihe niile mejupụtara sekit ahụ.

Imebe nnwale na imewe bọọdụ PCB

Teknụzụ ndị bụ isi nke nnwale PCB gụnyere ịtụle nnwale, imewe na njikarịcha nke usoro nnwale, nhazi ozi nnwale na nchoputa mmejọ. N’ezie, imewe nke nnwale nke bọọdụ PCB bụ iwebata ụfọdụ ụzọ nnwale na bọọdụ PCB nke nwere ike ịkwado ule

Iji nye ọwa ozi maka inweta ozi nnwale nke ihe dị n’okpuru ule. Therefore, reasonable and effective design of testability mechanism is the guarantee to improve the testability level of PCB board successfully. Meziwanye ogo ngwaahịa na ntụkwasị obi, belata ọnụ ahịa okirikiri ngwaahịa, teknụzụ imepụta nnwale nwere ike nweta ozi nzaghachi nke nnwale bọọdụ PCB, nwere ike ịme nyocha nhịahụ dịka ozi nzaghachi si dị. N’ime imepụta bọọdụ PCB, ọ dị mkpa ijide n’aka na ọnọdụ nchọpụta na ụzọ mbata nke DFT na isi nchọpụta ndị ọzọ agaghị emetụta.

Site na miniaturization nke ngwaahịa elektrọnik, oghere nke ihe ndị ahụ na -adị obere ma na -adị obere, njupụta nrụnye na -abawanyekwa. There are fewer and fewer circuit nodes available for testing, so it is more and more difficult to test the PCB assembly online. Therefore, the electrical and physical and mechanical conditions of the testability of the PCB should be fully considered when designing the PCB board, and appropriate mechanical and electronic equipment should be used for testing.

Ọgụgụ 3: imepụta bọọdụ PCB _ imebe ule

Nhazi bọọdụ PCB nke ọkwa mmetụta mmiri MSL

Ọgụgụ 4: imewe bọọdụ PCB _ ọkwa mmetụta mmiri

MSL: Moisure Sensitive Level. It is marked on the label and classified into levels 1, 2, 2A, 3, 4, 5, 5A, and 6. A ga -ejikwa ihe ndị nwere ihe pụrụ iche chọrọ na iru mmiri ma ọ bụ akara nwere ihe mmetụta iru mmiri dị na ngwugwu nke ọma iji nye oke njikwa okpomọkụ na iru mmiri na nchekwa ihe na gburugburu ebe nrụpụta, si otú a na -ahụ maka ntụkwasị obi nke arụmọrụ nke ihe ọkụkụ na iru mmiri dị nro. Mgbe a na-eme achịcha, a na-eme BGA, QFP, MEM, BIOS na ihe ndị ọzọ chọrọ maka nkwakọ ngwaahịa oghere zuru oke, nwere oke ọkụ na ihe ndị na-eguzogide oke okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ dị iche iche, lezie anya n’oge a na-eme achịcha. Ihe ndị chọrọ ime bred PCB na -ebu ụzọ kwuo maka ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa bọọdụ PCB ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ahịa chọrọ. Mgbe emechara achịcha, ihe ndị nwere mmetụta iru mmiri na bọọdụ PCB ekwesịghị ịfe 12H na ụlọ okpomọkụ. Ekwesịrị iji ihe mkpuchi oghere ma ọ bụ dobe ya na igbe nhicha ma ọ bụ na -ejighị ya, ma ọ bụ bọọdụ PCB.

Ekwesịrị ilebara isi ihe anọ dị n’elu anya na imepụta bọọdụ PCB, na -enwe olileanya inyere ndị injinia aka mgba na nhazi bọọdụ PCB.