Ngati m’badwo wanzeru uno, pamundawu, mukufuna kukhala ndi luso ku FPGA, ndiye kuti dziko lidzakusiyani, The Times idzakusiyani.

Zoganizira za kuthamanga kwambiri PCB kapangidwe kokhudzana ndi ma serdes ndi awa:

(1) Kulumikizana kwa Microstrip ndi Stripline.

Mizere ya Microstrip imalumikiza chingwe chakunja cha ndege yolozera (GND kapena Vcc) yolekanitsidwa ndi makina azamagetsi kuti achepetse kuchedwa; Zingwe za riboni zimayendetsedwa mkati mwazizindikiro zamkati mwa ndege ziwiri (GND kapena Vcc) kuti zitha kuyambiranso bwino, kuwongolera kosavuta kwa ma impedance ndi chizindikiritso chotsuka, monga zikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi.

Mzere wa Microstrip ndi mzere wabwino kwambiri ndi wiring

(2) mkulu-liwiro masiyanidwe mbendera Kulumikizana.

Njira zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi othamanga kwambiri zimaphatikizapo Edge Coupled microstrip (pamwamba wosanjikiza), Mzere wophatikizika wa riboni (wosanjikiza wazizindikiro)

Kuthamanga kwakukulu kosiyanitsa ma waya

(3) kulambalala capacitance (BypassCapacitor).

Kulambalala capacitor ndi capacitor yaying’ono yokhala ndi zotsika zochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa kusokoneza kwamphamvu pama siginidwe othamanga. Pali mitundu itatu yodutsa ma capacitors omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu FPGA system: pulogalamu yothamanga kwambiri (100MHz ~ 1GHz) yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyambira kuyambira 0.01nF mpaka 10nF, yomwe imagawidwa mkati mwa 1cm kuchokera ku Vcc; Makina othamanga kwambiri (opitilira 100 MHZ 47MHz), omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi 100nF mpaka 3nF tantalum capacitor, makamaka mkati mwa XNUMXcm ya Vcc; Makina othamanga kwambiri (ochepera 10 MHZ), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ndi 470nF mpaka 3300nF capacitor, mawonekedwe a PCB ndi aulere.

(4) Mphamvu zamagetsi zolumikizira.

Kulumikizana kwa Capacitor kumatha kutsatira malangizo awa, monga akuwonetsera.

Kulumikizana kwabwino kwambiri

Zipangizo zama pini zolumikizika zimalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kukula kwakukulu kudzera m’mabowo (Via) kuti muchepetse kugwiranso ntchito.

Use a short, wide wire to connect the pad of the capacitor pin to the hole, or directly connect the pad of the capacitor pin to the hole.

Ma LESR capacitors (Low Effective Series Resistance) adagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pini kapena dzenje lililonse la GND liyenera kulumikizidwa ndi ndege yapansi.

(5) Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zama waya othamanga kwambiri.

Pewani kumazungulira mozungulira ndi mawola oyenda molunjika momwe zingathere.

Yesetsani kulumikizana ndi chizindikiro chimodzi.

Osagwiritsa ntchito mabowo kudzera momwe angathere, chifukwa maenje obowoleza amabweretsa chiwonetsero cholimba komanso kusokonekera kwa impedance.

Gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zama microstrip kumtunda wosanjikiza momwe mungathere kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito mabowo ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chizindikiro.

Ikani ndege yapansi pafupi ndi siginecha ya wotchi momwe mungathere kuti muchepetse phokoso ndi mtanda. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito wosanjikiza wamkati, mawonekedwe a wotchi amatha kukhala pakati pa ndege ziwiri zochepetsera phokoso ndi kusokoneza. Fufuzani kuchedwa kwa chizindikiro.

Chizindikiro cha wotchi chikuyenera kufanana bwino.

(6) Zinthu zomwe zimafunikira chidwi pamakina othamanga kwambiri ndikuphatikiza.

Note the impedance matching of the differential signal.

Tawonani m’lifupi mwa mzere wosiyanitsira maulemuwo kuti athe kulekerera 20% ya nthawi yonyamuka kapena nthawi yakugwa.

Ndi zolumikizira zoyenera, mafupipafupi a cholumikizira amayenera kukumana pafupipafupi kwambiri pamapangidwe.

Kuphatikizira kwa maanja oyenera kumayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe mungathere kuti mupewe kulumikizana kwapakati, maulamuliro ang’onoang’ono a 3S ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa kulumikizana kopitilira muyeso kapena pamphambano.

(7) Zolemba pazosefera phokoso pamakina othamanga kwambiri.

Chepetsani kusokonekera kwapafupipafupi (pansi pa 1KHz) chifukwa cha phokoso lamagetsi, ndikuwonjezera kutsekemera kapena kusefa dera lililonse kumapeto kwa magwero amagetsi.

Onjezerani fyuluta ya 100F yama electrolytic capacitor pamalo aliwonse pomwe magetsi amalowa mu PCB.

Kuti muchepetse phokoso lamafupipafupi, ikani ma capacitors ochulukirapo pa Vcc ndi GND iliyonse momwe mungathere.

Ikani ndege za Vcc ndi GND mofananamo, muwasiyanitse ndi ma dielectric (monga FR-4PCB), ndikuyika ma capacitors odutsa m’malo ena.

(8) dongosolo liwiro Ground zophukiranso

Yesetsani kuwonjezera chojambulira chophatikizira pagulu lililonse lazizindikiro za Vcc / GND.

Buffer yakunja imawonjezeredwa kumapeto kwa ziwonetsero zosintha mwachangu monga ziwerengero kuti muchepetse kufunika koyendetsa galimoto.

Ma Slow Slew (otsika-otsika-otsika) mawonekedwe adapangidwira zizindikiritso zomwe sizimafunikira kuthamanga kwambiri.

Sungani kuyambiranso katundu.

Chepetsani chizindikiritso cha wotchi, kapena mugawire chimodzimodzi momwe mungathere pozungulira chip.

Chizindikiro chomwe chimayenda pafupipafupi chimakhala pafupi ndi pini ya GND ya chip momwe zingathere.

Kapangidwe kazigawo zofananira nthawi ziyenera kupewa kusintha kwakanthawi komwe kumatulutsa.

Kusintha mphamvu zamagetsi ndi nthaka kumatha kuthandizira pakuchepetsa.