Déwan Circuie dicitak (PCB) is short for Printed circuit Board. Usually in insulation material, according to the predetermined design, made of printed circuit, printed components or a combination of both conductive graphics called printed circuit. It exists almost all the electronic equipment we can see can not do without it, small to electronic watches, calculators, general computers, to computers, communication electronic equipment, military weapon systems, as long as there are integrated circuits and other electronic components, the electrical interconnection between them all need to use PCB.

Grafik konduktif tina sambungan listrik antara komponén anu disayogikeun dina substrat insulasi disebut sirkuit cetak. In this way, the printed circuit or printed line of the finished board is called printed circuit board, also known as printed board or printed circuit board. Éta nyayogikeun dukungan mékanis pikeun perakitan tetep tina sababaraha komponén éléktronik sapertos sirkuit terintegrasi, sadar sambungan kabel sareng sambungan listrik atanapi insulasi listrik antara sababaraha komponén éléktronik sapertos sirkuit terintegrasi, sareng nyayogikeun ciri-ciri listrik anu diperyogikeun, sapertos impedansi karakteristik, jst. Dina waktos anu sasarengan nyayogikeun grafik blok solder otomatis; Nyayogikeun karakter idéntifikasi sareng grafik pikeun pamasangan komponén, pamariksaan sareng perawatan.

How are PCBS made? When we open the thumb drive of a general-purpose computer, we can see a soft film (flexible insulating substrate) printed with silver-white (silver paste) conductive graphics and potential graphics. Kusabab cara nyetak layar universal pikeun kéngingkeun grafik ieu, janten kami nyebat papan sirkuit cetak fléksibel témpé ieu anu dicetak. Béda sareng motherboard, kartu grafik, kartu jaringan, modem, kartu sora sareng papan sirkuit cetak dina alat bumi anu urang tingali di Computer City. Bahan dasar anu digunakeun didamel tina dasar kertas (biasana dianggo pikeun sisi hiji) atanapi base kaén kaca (sering dianggo pikeun dua sisi sareng multi lapisan), résin fenolik atanapi epoxy pre-impregnated, salah sahiji atanapi kadua sisi permukaanna ditempelkeun sareng buku tambaga teras diubaran laminasi. Papan sirkuit jenis ieu nyertakeun papan buku tambaga, urang nyebatna papan kaku. Teras kami ngadamel papan sirkuit cetak, kami nyebatna papan sirkuit cetak kaku. Papan sirkuit cetak kalayan grafik sirkuit citak dina hiji sisi disebat papan sirkuit cetak hiji sisi, sareng papan sirkuit cetak kalayan grafik sirkuit citak dina dua sisi disambungkeun dina dua sisi ngalangkungan metallisasi liang, sareng kami nyebat dobel -panel. Upami nganggo lapisan ganda, dua arah pikeun lapisan luar atanapi dua lapisan dua kali, dua blok lapisan luar tunggal papan sirkuit dicitak, ngalangkungan sistem posisi sareng bahan perekat insulasi alternatip sareng interkonéksi grapik konduktif numutkeun sarat desain sirkuit cetak papan janten opat, genep lapisan papan sirkuit cetak, ogé dikenal salaku papan sirkuit cetak multilayer. There are now more than 100 layers of practical printed circuit boards.

Prosés produksi PCB relatif rumit, anu ngalibatkeun rupa-rupa prosés, ti prosés mékanis saderhana dugi ka pangolahan mékanis anu rumit, kalebet réaksi kimia anu umum, fotokimia, éléktrokimia, thermochemistry sareng prosés anu sanés, desain anu dibantuan komputer (CAM) sareng élmu anu sanés. . And in the process of production process problems and will always meet new problems and some problems in didn’t find out the reason disappears, because its production process is a kind of continuous line form, any link wrong would caused production across the board or the consequences of a large number of scrap, printed circuit board if there is no recycling scrap, Insinyur prosés tiasa setrés, janten seueur insinyur anu ngantep industri damel di penjualan sareng jasa téknis pikeun alat-alat PCB atanapi perusahaan bahan.

In order to further understand the PCB, it is necessary to understand the production process of usually single-sided, double-sided printed circuit board and ordinary multilayer board, to deepen the understanding of it.

Papan anu dicetak kaku séhat: – tambaga tambaga – dikosongkeun pikeun ngagosok, garing), ngebor atanapi nyabak -> garis percetakan layar pola terukir atanapi nganggo résistansi pilem garing pikeun ngubaran cek fix plate, tambaga etsa sareng garing pikeun nolak bahan percetakan, kanggo ngagosok, garing, tahan percetakan layar grafik las (minyak héjo biasa dianggo), UV curing pikeun nyirian karakter percetakan layar grafik, UV curing, preheating, punching, sareng bentukna – uji listrik kabuka sareng sirkuit pondok – scrubbing, drying → las pra-palapis anti oksidan (garing) atanapi timah nyemprot leveling hawa panas → bungkusan pamariksaan → pabrik produk réngsé.

Papan cetak kaku dua sisi: – papan dua-tambaga dua sisi – kosong – dilaminasi – liang pituduh bor nc – inspeksi, scrub deburring – plating kimia (metallization hole guide) – plating tambaga ipis (full board) – scrub inspeksi -> percetakan layar grafik sirkuit négatip, tamba (pilem garing / pilem baseuh, paparan sareng pamekaran) – pamariksaan sareng perbaikan piring – plating grafik garis sareng timah electroplating (résistansi korosi tina nikel / emas) -> pikeun nyetak bahan (palapis) – tambaga etsa – (timah anil ) to scrub clean, commonly used graphics screen printing resistance welding heat curing green oil (photosensitive dry film or wet film, exposure, development and heat curing, often heat curing photosensitive green oil) and dry cleaning, to screen printing mark character graphics, curing, (tin or organic shielded welding film) to form processing, cleaning, drying to electrical on-off testing, packaging and finished products.

Through hole metallization method of manufacturing a multilayer process flow to the inner layer copper clad double-sided cutting, scrub to drill positioning hole, stick to the dry coating or coating to resist to exposure, development and etching and film – the inner coarsening and oxidation – inner check – (outer line production of single-sided copper clad laminates, bonding sheet, plate bonding sheet B – order inspection, drill positioning hole) to laminate, several control drilling – > Liang sareng parios sateuacan diubaran sareng plating tambaga kimia – papan lengkep sareng inspeksi palapis tambaga ipis ipis – lengket résistansi kana plating pilem garing atanapi palapis ka agén plating pikeun lapisan handap paparan, pamekaran sareng ngalereskeun piring – garis grafik electroplating – atanapi nikel / emas plating na electroplating timah alloy kalungguhan pikeun pilem sareng etching – cek – layar percetakan résistansi las grafik atanapi cahaya induksi résistansi cahaya – dicitak karakter grafis – (leveling hawa panas atanapi pilem las terlindung organik) sareng kontrol numeris Wangun cuci → beberesih, garing → deteksi konéksi listrik → réngsé inspeksi produk → pabrik pengepakan.

It can be seen from the process flow chart that the multilayer process is developed from the two-face metallization process. Salaku tambahan kana prosés dua sisi, éta ngagaduhan sababaraha eusi anu unik: interkonéksi batin liang anu metallized, pengeboran sareng dekontaminasi epoxy, sistem posisi, laminasi, sareng bahan khusus.

Kartu papan komputer umum kami dasarna nyaéta epoxy glass lawon dua sisi papan sirkuit cetak, anu ngagaduhan hiji sisi dilebetkeun komponén sareng sisi sanésna nyaéta komponén las permukaan, tiasa ningali yén sendi solder angger pisan, komponén suku diskrit las permukaan sendi solder ieu urang nyauran éta bantalan. Why don’t the other copper wires have tin on them? Because in addition to the solder plate and other parts of the need for soldering, the rest of the surface has a layer of wave resistance welding film. Pilem solder na permukaan héjo, sareng sababaraha nganggo konéng, hideung, biru, sareng sajabana, janten minyak solder sering disebat minyak héjo dina industri PCB. Fungsina pikeun nyegah fenomena jembatan las gelombang, ningkatkeun kualitas las sareng ngahémat solder sareng sajabina. It is also a permanent protective layer of printed board, can play the role of moisture, corrosion, mildew and mechanical abrasion. Ti luar, permukaanna mulus sareng héjo pilem meungpeuk héjo, anu potosensitif kana pelat pilem sareng panas nyéhatkeun minyak héjo. Henteu ngan ukur penampilan na langkung saé, anu penting akurasi bantalan tinggi, supados ningkatkeun reliabiliti gabungan solder.

Sakumaha urang tiasa tingali tina papan komputer, komponén dipasang dina tilu cara. A plug-in installation process for transmission in which an electronic component is inserted into a through-hole on a printed circuit board. It is easy to see that the double-sided printed circuit board through holes are as follows: one is a simple component insert hole; The second is the component insertion and double-sided interconnection through hole; Tilu mangrupikeun dua sisi anu saderhana ngalangkungan liang; Opat nyaéta pamasangan pelat dasar sareng liang posisi. Dua metode pemasangan anu sanés nyaéta pemasangan permukaan sareng pemasangan chip sacara langsung. Nyatana, téknologi pemasangan langsung chip tiasa dianggap salaku cabang téknologi pemasangan permukaan, nyaéta chip langsung dipasang dina papan anu dicetak, teras disambungkeun kana papan anu dicitak ku metode kawat las atanapi metode ngamuat sabuk, metode flip, lead beam metode sareng téknologi kemasan sanés. Permukaan las aya dina permukaan komponén.

Téknologi ningkatna permukaan ngagaduhan kaunggulan ieu:

1) Kusabab papan cetak umumna ngaleungitkeun anu ageung ngalangkungan liang atanapi téknologi interkonéksi liang anu dikubur, ningkatkeun kapadetan kabel dina papan cetak, ngirangan daérah papan anu dicetak (umumna sapertilu tina plug-in instalasi), sareng ogé tiasa ngirangan jumlahna tina lapisan desain sareng biaya dewan cetak.

2) Ngurangan beurat, ningkat kinerja seismik, panggunaan solder koloid sareng téknologi las anyar, ningkatkeun kualitas produk sareng reliabilitas.

3) Due to the increase of wiring density and the shortening of lead length, the parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance are reduced, which is more conducive to improving the electrical parameters of the printed board.

4) Éta langkung gampang pikeun sadar otomatis tibatan plug-in instalasi, ningkatkeun kagancangan instalasi sareng produktivitas tanaga gawé, sareng ngirangan biaya perakitan saluyu.

As can be seen from the above surface safety technology, the improvement of circuit board technology is improved with the improvement of chip packaging technology and surface mounting technology. Papan komputer anu ku urang tingali ayeuna kartu iteuk na pasang masang tingkat naékna tanpa henti. Nyatana, jenis sirkuit ieu sapertos ngagunakeun garis grafik percetakan layar pangiriman teu tiasa nyumponan sarat téknis. Kusabab kitu, papan sirkuit presisi tinggi biasa, grafik garisna sareng grafik las anu dasarna sirkuit sénsitip sareng prosés produksi minyak héjo sénsitip.

Masih aya seueur élmu téknis ngeunaan papan sirkuit cetak, sareng ku trend pangembangan kapadetan tinggi, bakal aya seueur téknologi énggal. Ieu ngan ukur bubuka saderhana, mugia anjeun tiasa masihan sababaraha bantosan ka rerencangan anu resep kana téknologi PCB.