PCB umisiri pamwamba mankhwala amatanthauza njira yokumba kupanga pamwamba wosanjikiza pa PCB zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi magetsi kugwirizana mfundo zosiyana ndi makina, thupi ndi mankhwala katundu gawo lapansi. Cholinga chake ndi kuonetsetsa solderability wabwino kapena katundu magetsi PCB. Chifukwa mkuwa amakonda kukhalapo mu mawonekedwe a oxides mu mlengalenga, amene kwambiri amakhudza solderability ndi katundu magetsi PCB, m`pofunika kuchita pamwamba mankhwala pa PCB.

Pakadali pano, njira zodziwika bwino zochizira pamwamba ndi izi:

1. Kutentha kwa mpweya

Pamwamba pa PCB wokutidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunula tin-lead solder ndi flattened ndi kutentha wothinikizidwa mpweya (wowomberedwa lathyathyathya) kupanga ❖ kuyanika wosanjikiza kugonjetsedwa ndi okosijeni mkuwa ndi kupereka solderability wabwino. Panthawi yotentha ya mpweya, solder ndi mkuwa zimapanga zitsulo zamkuwa-tin pamphambano, ndipo makulidwe ake ndi pafupifupi 1 mpaka 2 mils;

2. Organic Anti-oxidation (OSP)

Pamalo oyera opanda mkuwa, filimu yachilengedwe imabzalidwa ndi mankhwala. Wosanjikiza wa filimuyi ali ndi anti-oxidation, kukana kutentha kwa kutentha, komanso kukana chinyezi kuteteza mkuwa kuti usachite dzimbiri (oxidation kapena sulfidation, etc.) pamalo abwino; panthawi imodzimodziyo, iyenera kuthandizidwa mosavuta mu kuwotcherera wotsatira kutentha kwakukulu Kuthamanga kumachotsedwa mwamsanga kuti atsogolere kuwotcherera;

3. Golide wa nickel wopanda magetsi

Aloyi wokhuthala wa faifi tambala-golide ndi katundu wabwino magetsi wokutidwa pamwamba mkuwa ndipo akhoza kuteteza PCB kwa nthawi yaitali. Mosiyana ndi OSP, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotchinga choletsa dzimbiri, imatha kukhala yothandiza pakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali PCB ndikukwaniritsa bwino magetsi. Kuonjezera apo, imakhalanso ndi kulekerera kwa chilengedwe chomwe njira zina zothandizira pamwamba sizikhala nazo;

4. Chemical Kumiza Siliva

Pakati pa OSP ndi electroless nickel / kumiza golide, ndondomekoyi ndi yosavuta komanso yachangu. Ikakhudzidwa ndi kutentha, chinyezi ndi kuipitsa, imatha kuperekabe magetsi abwino ndikusunga kusungunuka bwino, koma imataya kuwala kwake. Chifukwa palibe faifi tambala pansi pa wosanjikiza siliva, kumizidwa siliva alibe mphamvu zabwino thupi nickel electroless / kumizidwa golide;

5. Electroplating nickel golide

Kondakitala pa PCB pamwamba ndi electroplated ndi wosanjikiza faifi tambala ndiyeno electroplated ndi wosanjikiza golide. Cholinga chachikulu cha nickel plating ndikuletsa kufalikira pakati pa golide ndi mkuwa. Pali mitundu iwiri ya golide wa nickel electroplated: golide wofewa (golide woyenga, golide akuwonetsa kuti sakuwoneka wowala) ndi golide wolimba (pamwambapa ndi yosalala komanso yolimba, yosavala, imakhala ndi cobalt ndi zinthu zina, ndi pamwamba. zikuwoneka bwino). Golide wofewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pawaya wagolide panthawi yolongedza chip; golidi wolimba amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka polumikizira magetsi m’malo osagulitsa (monga zala zagolide).

6. PCB wosakanizidwa pamwamba mankhwala luso

Sankhani njira ziwiri kapena zingapo zochizira pamwamba pa chithandizo chapamwamba. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi iyi: Golide wa Immersion Nickel + Anti-oxidation, Electroplating Nickel Gold + Immersion Nickel Gold, Electroplating Nickel Gold + Hot Air Leveling, Immersion Nickel Gold + Hot Air Leveling.

Kuwongolera mpweya wotentha (wopanda lead/wotsogolera) ndiye njira yodziwika komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri pamankhwala onse apamtunda, koma chonde tcherani khutu ku malamulo a EU a RoHS.

RoHS: RoHS ndi mulingo wovomerezeka wokhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo a EU. Dzina lake lonse ndi “Kuletsa Zinthu Zowopsa” (Kuletsa Zinthu Zowopsa). Muyezowu udakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo pa Julayi 1, 2006, ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuyika zinthu ndikusintha miyezo yazinthu zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zothandiza paumoyo wa anthu komanso kuteteza chilengedwe. Cholinga cha muyezowu ndikuchotsa zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi kuphatikiza lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls ndi ma polybrominated diphenyl ethers muzinthu zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, ndipo ikunena kuti zomwe zili patsogolo sizingadutse 0.1%.