In PCB ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, kunesethi ephelele yezindlela zokwenza ngcono izinga lesakhiwo. Lapha, sikunikeza amasu asebenzayo okuthuthukisa izinga lesakhiwo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwedizayini ye-PCB design, engagcini nje ngokusindisa umjikelezo wokuthuthukisa iphrojekthi kumakhasimende, kodwa futhi andise Umkhawulo uqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo oklanyiwe.

1. nquma inani lezendlalelo ze-PCB

Ubukhulu bebhodi lesifunda kanye nenani lezingqimba zezintambo zidinga ukunqunywa ekuqaleni komklamo. Uma idizayini idinga ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zegridi yebhola enokuminyana okuphezulu (BGA), inani elincane lezendlalelo zezintambo ezidingekayo ukuze kufakwe izintambo lawa madivayisi kufanele kucatshangelwe. Inombolo yezendlalelo zezintambo kanye nendlela yokupakisha izothinta ngokuqondile izintambo kanye nokuvinjelwa kwemigqa ephrintiwe. Usayizi webhodi usiza ukunquma indlela yokunqwabelanisa kanye nobubanzi bomugqa ophrintiwe ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela womklamo oyifunayo.

Iminyaka eminingi, abantu bebelokhu bekholelwa ukuthi inani eliphansi lezingqimba zebhodi lesifunda, izindleko eziphansi, kodwa kunezinye izici eziningi ezithinta izindleko zokukhiqiza ibhodi lesifunda. Eminyakeni yamuva, umehluko wezindleko phakathi kwamabhodi we-multilayer wehliswe kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kokuklama, kungcono ukusebenzisa izendlalelo eziningi zesifunda futhi usakaze ngokulinganayo ithusi, ukuze ugweme ukuthola ukuthi inani elincane lamasignali alihlangabezani nemithetho echaziwe kanye nezidingo zesikhala ekupheleni komklamo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela. baphoqelekile ukwengeza izendlalelo ezintsha. Ukuhlela ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuklama kuzonciphisa izinkinga eziningi kuzintambo.

2. ukuklama imithetho nemikhawulo

Ithuluzi lomzila elizenzakalelayo ngokwalo alazi ukuthi lenzeni. Ukuze uqedele umsebenzi wokufaka izintambo, ithuluzi le-wiring lidinga ukusebenza ngaphansi kwemithetho nemikhawulo efanele. Imigqa yesignali ehlukene inezidingo zezintambo ezihlukile. Yonke imigqa yesignali enezidingo ezikhethekile kufanele ihlukaniswe, futhi izigaba zemiklamo ehlukene zihlukile. Isigaba ngasinye sesignali kufanele sibe nokuhamba phambili, okuphakeme okubalulekile, imithetho eqinile. Imithetho ihilela ububanzi bemigqa ephrintiwe, inombolo enkulu ye-vias, izinga lokufana, ithonya elihlangene phakathi kwemigqa yesignali, kanye nokukhawulelwa kwezingqimba. Le mithetho inethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwethuluzi lezintambo. Ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezidingo zokuklama kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sezintambo eziphumelelayo.

3. ukwakheka kwezingxenye

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokuhlanganisa, imithetho ye-design for manufacturability (DFM) izokhawulela ukwakheka kwengxenye. Uma umnyango womhlangano uvumela izingxenye ukuthi zihambe, isifunda singalungiswa ngokufanele, esilungele kakhulu izintambo ezizenzakalelayo. Imithetho echaziwe kanye nemikhawulo izothinta ukwakheka kwesakhiwo.

Indlela yomzila (isiteshi somzila) kanye nendawo kumele icatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokuhlela. Lezi zindlela nezindawo zisobala kumklami, kodwa ithuluzi lomzila elizenzakalelayo lizocabangela kuphela isignali eyodwa ngesikhathi. Ngokusetha izithiyo zomzila kanye nokusetha isendlalelo somugqa wesignali, ithuluzi lomzila lingenziwa ngendlela umklami acabange ngayo Qedela izintambo kanjalo.

4. Idizayini yabalandeli

Esigabeni sokuklama i-fan-out, ukuze unike amandla amathuluzi omzila ozenzakalelayo ukuze axhume izikhonkwane zengxenye, iphinikhodi ngayinye yedivayisi yokukhweza kufanele ibe neyodwa nge-surface, ukuze kuthi lapho kudingeka ukuxhumana okwengeziwe, ibhodi lesifunda lingafakwa ngaphakathi I-Connection, ku-inthanethi. ukuhlolwa (ICT) nokucutshungulwa kabusha kwesekethe.

Ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kwethuluzi lomzila elizenzakalelayo, elikhulu kunawo wonke ngosayizi nolayini ophrintiwe kufanele kusetshenziswe ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi isikhawu simiswe kahle sibe ngu-50mil. Sebenzisa uhlobo lokusebenzisa olukhulisa inani lemizila. Lapho wenza ukuklama kwe-fan-out, kuyadingeka ukucabangela inkinga yokuhlolwa kwesifunda se-inthanethi. Izinto zokuhlola zingabiza, futhi zivame uku-odwa uma sezizophuma ngokugcwele. Uma nje ucabanga ukungeza ama-node ukuze uzuze ukuhlolwa okungu-100%, kuzobe sekwephuze kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokucatshangelwa ngokucophelela nokubikezela, ukuklanywa kokuhlolwa kwesifunda se-inthanethi kungenziwa ekuqaleni kwesakhiwo futhi kubonakale esigabeni sakamuva senqubo yokukhiqiza. Uhlobo lwe- via fan-out lunqunywa ngokuya ngendlela yezintambo kanye nokuhlolwa kwesekethe ku-inthanethi. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nokubeka phansi kuzophinde kuthinte i-wiring ne-fan-out design. . Ukuze kuncishiswe ukusabela kwe-inductive okukhiqizwa umugqa wokuxhuma we-capacitor yesihlungi, i-vias kufanele ibe seduze kakhulu nezikhonkwane zedivayisi yokukhweza engaphezulu, futhi izintambo zezandla zingasetshenziswa uma kunesidingo. Lokhu kungase kuthinte indlela yokufaka izintambo ebicatshangwa ekuqaleni, futhi kungase kubangele nokuthi uphinde ucabangele ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwendlela ozoyisebenzisa, ngakho ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-inductance nephini kufanele kucatshangelwe futhi kufanele kusethwe ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa imininingwane.