1. PCB mankhwala pamwamba:

Anti-oxidation, malata kutsitsi, lead-free malata kutsitsi, kumiza golide, kumiza malata, kumizidwa siliva, golide plating, bolodi golide plating, chala golide, faifi tambala palladium golide OSP: mtengo wotsika, solderability zabwino, nkhanza yosungirako zinthu, nthawi Ukadaulo waufupi, wokonda zachilengedwe, kuwotcherera kwabwino komanso kosalala.

Utsi malata: The utsi malata mbale zambiri multilayer (4-46 wosanjikiza) apamwamba mwatsatanetsatane PCB chitsanzo, amene wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ambiri akuluakulu kulankhulana kunyumba, makompyuta, zipangizo zachipatala ndi mabizinezi zakuthambo ndi mayunitsi kafukufuku. Chala chagolide (cholumikizira chala) ndi gawo lolumikizirana pakati pa memory bar ndi memory slot, zizindikiro zonse zimafalitsidwa kudzera mu zala zagolide.

Chala chagolide chimapangidwa ndi zolumikizira zambiri zagolide zachikasu. Chifukwa pamwamba pake ndi golide wokutidwa ndi golide ndipo ma conductive amapangidwa ngati zala, amatchedwa “chala chagolide”.

Chala chagolide chimakutidwa ndi golide pa bolodi lovala zamkuwa kudzera munjira yapadera, chifukwa golide amalimbana kwambiri ndi okosijeni ndipo amakhala ndi madutsidwe amphamvu.

Komabe, chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa golidi, zambiri zokumbukira tsopano zasinthidwa ndi malata. Kuyambira m’ma 1990, zida za malata zakhala zikudziwika. Pakalipano, “zala zagolide” za mavabodi, kukumbukira ndi makadi ojambula pafupifupi amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zida za malata, gawo limodzi lokha la malo olumikizirana ndi ma seva ochita bwino kwambiri / malo ogwirira ntchito apitiliza kukhala opakidwa golide, omwe mwachilengedwe amakhala okwera mtengo.

2. Chifukwa chiyani mugwiritsire ntchito mbale zagolide

Pamene mulingo wophatikizika wa IC umakhala wokwera komanso wokwera, mapini a IC amakhala olimba. Njira ya tini yopopera yoyima imakhala yovuta kuphwanyitsa mapepala owonda, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta pakuyika kwa SMT; Komanso, alumali moyo wa mbale kutsitsi ndi lalifupi kwambiri.

Golide wokutidwa ndi golide amangothetsa mavuto awa:

1. Pakuti pamwamba phiri ndondomeko, makamaka kwa 0603 ndi 0402 kopitilira muyeso-ang’onoang’ono pamwamba mounts, chifukwa flatness wa pad mwachindunji zogwirizana ndi khalidwe la solder phala ndondomeko yosindikiza, izo zimakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la reflow wotsatira. soldering, kotero gulu lonse Gold plating ndi wamba mkulu-kachulukidwe ndi kopitilira muyeso-ang’ono pamwamba phiri njira.

2. Mu gawo la kupanga mayesero, chifukwa cha zinthu monga chigawo chogula zinthu, nthawi zambiri sikuti bolodi imagulitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ikafika, koma nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo. Moyo wa alumali wa bolodi lokutidwa ndi golide ndi wabwino kuposa wotsogolera. Tin alloy ndi yayitali nthawi zambiri, kotero aliyense amasangalala kuigwiritsa ntchito.

Kupatula apo, mtengo wa PCB wokutidwa ndi golide pagawo lachitsanzo uli pafupifupi wofanana ndi wa bolodi ya lead-tin alloy board.

Koma mawaya akamakulirakulira, m’lifupi mwake komanso masitayilo afika pa 3-4MIL.

Chifukwa chake, vuto la golide lalifupi la waya limabweretsedwa: momwe ma frequency amtundu amakhalira apamwamba komanso apamwamba, kufalikira kwa ma siginecha mumitundu yambiri yopangidwa ndi khungu kumakhala ndi chikoka chodziwikiratu pamtundu wazizindikiro.

Khungu zotsatira amatanthauza: mkulu pafupipafupi alternating panopa, panopa amakonda kuyang’ana pamwamba pa waya kuyenda. Malingana ndi mawerengedwe, kuya kwa khungu kumagwirizana ndi mafupipafupi.

Pofuna kuthetsa mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa a matabwa opangidwa ndi golide, ma PCB omwe amagwiritsa ntchito matabwa opangidwa ndi golide amakhala ndi makhalidwe awa:

1. Chifukwa mawonekedwe a kristalo opangidwa ndi kumiza golide ndi plating golide ndi osiyana, kumizidwa golide adzakhala golide wachikasu kuposa plating golide, ndipo makasitomala adzakhala okhutitsidwa.

2. Kumizidwa kwa golide ndikosavuta kuwotcherera kuposa kuyika golide, ndipo sikungayambitse kuwotcherera kosakwanira ndikuyambitsa madandaulo amakasitomala.

3. Chifukwa kumiza golide bolodi ali ndi faifi tambala ndi golide pa pad, kufalitsa chizindikiro mu zotsatira khungu sizidzakhudza chizindikiro pa wosanjikiza mkuwa.

4. Popeza golide womizidwa ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a kristalo kuposa plating ya golide, sikophweka kutulutsa okosijeni.

5. Chifukwa kumiza golide bolodi ali ndi faifi tambala ndi golide pa padiresi, izo sipanga mawaya golide ndi kuchititsa kufupika pang’ono.

6. Chifukwa chakuti bolodi la golide lomiza liri ndi nickel ndi golidi pa mapepala, chigoba cha solder pa dera ndi mkuwa wa mkuwa zimakhala zolimba kwambiri.

7. Ntchitoyi sidzakhudza mtunda popereka malipiro.

8. Chifukwa mawonekedwe a kristalo omwe amapangidwa ndi kumiza golide ndi golide plating ndi yosiyana, kupsinjika kwa mbale ya golide yomiza kumakhala kosavuta kulamulira, ndipo kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zomangira, zimakhala bwino kuti zigwirizane ndi kukonza. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi chifukwa chakuti golide womizidwa ndi wofewa kuposa gilding, kotero kuti mbale yomiza ya golide imakhala yosasunthika ngati chala chagolide.

9. Kusalala ndi moyo woyimilira wa matabwa a golidi womiza ndi abwino ngati bolodi lokutidwa ndi golide.

Pakuti gilding ndondomeko, zotsatira za tinning kwambiri yafupika, pamene tinning zotsatira za kumizidwa golide ndi bwino; Pokhapokha ngati wopanga amafuna kumanga, opanga ambiri tsopano asankha njira yomiza golide, yomwe imakhala yofala Pazifukwa izi, chithandizo cha PCB chapamwamba chili motere:

Kupaka golide (electroplating golide, kumizidwa golide), plating siliva, OSP, malata kupopera (lead ndi wopanda lead).

Mitundu iyi imakhala ya FR-4 kapena CEM-3 ndi matabwa ena. Zomwe zili pamapepala komanso njira yochizira pamwamba pa zokutira za rosin; ngati malata si abwino (woyipa malata kudya), ngati solder phala ndi ena chigamba opanga sakuphatikizidwa Chifukwa cha kupanga ndi zipangizo zamakono.

Apa ndi chifukwa PCB vuto, pali zifukwa zotsatirazi:

1. Panthawi yosindikiza ya PCB, kaya pali filimu yowonongeka ndi mafuta pa malo a PAN, omwe angalepheretse zotsatira za tinning; izi zitha kutsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso a blekning a malata.

2. Kaya malo opangira mafuta a PAN akukwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe, ndiye kuti, ngati ntchito yothandizira gawolo ikhoza kutsimikiziridwa panthawi yopanga pad.

3. Kaya pad yaipitsidwa, izi zitha kupezeka poyesa kuyipitsa kwa ion; mfundo zitatu zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizofunika kwambiri zomwe opanga PCB amalingalira.

Ponena za ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njira zingapo zothandizira pamwamba, aliyense ali ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka zake!

Pankhani ya plating ya golide, imatha kusunga ma PCB kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo imatha kusintha pang’ono kutentha ndi chinyezi cha chilengedwe chakunja (poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena apamtunda), ndipo nthawi zambiri imatha kusungidwa pafupifupi chaka chimodzi; mankhwala opopera ndi malata ndi achiwiri, OSP kachiwiri, ichi Chisamaliro chochuluka chiyenera kuperekedwa ku nthawi yosungiramo mankhwala awiri a pamwamba pa kutentha kozungulira ndi chinyezi.

Nthawi zonse, chithandizo chapamwamba cha siliva womiza ndi chosiyana pang’ono, mtengo umakhalanso wokwera, ndipo zosungirako zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, choncho ziyenera kuikidwa mu pepala lopanda sulfure! Ndipo nthawi yosungiramo ndi pafupi miyezi itatu! Pankhani ya mphamvu ya tinning, golide womiza, OSP, kupopera tini, ndi zina zotero ndizofanana, ndipo opanga makamaka amaona kuti ndi zotsika mtengo!