Kodi PCB yodutsa mu bowo ndi yofunika bwanji? bolodi losindikizidwa? PCB imafuna mabowo kapena zitsime kuti zilumikizane. Understanding the standard through-hole sizes used by PCB manufacturers can help you design boards to meet common bit sizes.

Standard kudzera kukula dzenje

Opanga PCB ali ndi magulu awo enieni a kukula kwake kwa mabowo omwe angasankhe pamene akubowola mabowo, koma amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kukula kwa dzenje lililonse. Mwambiri, opanga ma PCB amatha kupanga ma PCB kudzera m’mabowo ang’ono ngati 0.15 mm, poyerekeza ndi kukula kwa 0.6 mm.

Kukula kwa PCB kudutsa-dzenje

Uku ndi kuphunzira mozama pazofunikira zakukula.

PCB kupyola kukula kwa dzenje

Kukula kwa PCB kudzera mdzenje kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera komwe kuli, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi zinthu zina, ndichifukwa chake wopanga aliyense wa PCB amapereka mitundu ingapo yama PCB. Most manufacturers can make holes as small as 0.15 mm or larger holes of 1 mm or larger. Mukamaganizira kukula kwa dzenje lofunikira, muyeneranso kulingalira za mphete kapena penti yamkuwa mozungulira dzenje, lomwe lipangike.

How do you calculate rings? The ideal ring is equal to the sum of the diameter of the copper pad minus the diameter of the drill hole divided by 2, which gives the rig the best chance of hitting the center of the pad for optimal connectivity.

Standard kudzera kukula dzenje

Palibe mulingo uliwonse wa PCB wopyola mu bowo popanga ma PCB, popeza kukula kwa PCB kudutsa-dzenje nthawi zambiri kumasiyanasiyana kuchokera pakupanga kupita ku wopanga PCB. Komabe, opanga ma PCB ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito kukula kwakanthawi kochepa, komwe angatchule ngati kukula kwa PCB pang’ono. Chimodzi mwazikuluzikulu ndi 0.6 mm, koma 0.2 mm ndi 0.3 mm amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Type of PCB through hole

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito muyeso uliwonse wopyola mu dzenje kuti mupange mitundu ingapo ya PCB kudzera m’mabowo, kutengera wosanjikiza, kapangidwe, kapangidwe kake, ndi cholinga cha PCB. Mitundu itatu yodziwika bwino ya PCB kudzera mu dzenje ndi:

Yokutidwa kudzera dzenje

Ma electroplated through-hole (PTH) ndi mabowo omwe amadutsa magawo onse a PCB kuti alumikize zigawo zapamwamba ndi zapansi. Muyenera kuwona PTH kuchokera kumapeto amodzi a PCB kupita kwina. PTH ikhoza kukulungidwa kapena yosakulungidwa. Zosakulungidwa kudzera m’mabowo sizimayendetsa magetsi, pomwe zokutidwa kudzera m’mabowo zimasankhidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amayendetsa magetsi m’magawo onse a PCB.

Bowo lakhungu

Blind holes connect the outer (top or bottom) layers of the PCB to one or more inner layers, but do not completely drill through the board. Precise drilling of blind holes can be challenging, so they are typically more expensive to manufacture than PTH.

ophatikizidwa

Embedded holes can also increase the cost of PCB because they are difficult to manufacture. The holes are located in the inner layer of the PCB to connect two or more inner layers. Simungathe kuwona zomwe zidayikidwa pamiyeso yakunja ya PCB.

Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira

Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira mukamapanga PCB. Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka komwe kulipo mu kapangidwe ka PCB. The aspect ratio is the PCB thickness relative to the diameter of the through hole, which determines the reliability of the copper plating on the PCB. The higher the ratio, the more difficult it is to obtain reliable plating, which affects the type of hole and plating method you choose.

Mabowo ophatikizidwa kapena akhungu atha kuthandiza PCB yanu bwino ndikulingalira kwa 15: 1, pomwe PTH imatha kugwira ntchito bwino ndi chiwonetsero chotsika cha 2: 1. Kodi mungasankhe makulidwe a PCB mkuwa? Usually, through holes in the outer layer (e.g., through holes) require a thicker layer of copper than the buried through holes inside. Mphamvu yomwe PCB imagwiritsanso ntchito imakhudzanso makulidwe amkuwa. High voltage applications typically require thicker PCB copper than low voltage applications.

By filling program

Sometimes PCB through-holes need to be filled, for example to reduce the risk of trapping air or increase electrical conductivity. Some common ways to fill through holes include:

Kudzera mu hema

Chihema chobowolera chimapanga chotchinga chotchinga pamwamba pa PCB kudzera m’malo osadzaza dzenjelo ndi zinthu. This can be a quick, easy and cost-effective option to cover the through-holes, but the tent-style through-holes may reopen over time.

Mwa kutchinga

Ndondomeko yodula dzenje imadzaza dzenje ndi zinthu zosakhazikika ndikuyisindikiza ndi chigoba. Through-hole clogging also covers the ring and does not produce a smooth, glossy surface.

Mwa kudzaza

Kudzaza kubowo kumagwiritsa ntchito utomoni kuti apange dzenje lodzaza kwamuyaya. A through-hole fill is a common through-hole fill in which the manufacturer fills the through-hole with conductive material, coats the surface with copper, and then trims the surface. This process can route signals to other areas of the PCB.

PCB kudzera muntchito

Opanga atha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo kugwiritsa ntchito PCB kudzera paboola kuti awonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino. One common method is to use a low viscosity ink that covers the inside of the through-hole to form a conductive layer. Then through the heat curing process to bond the ink.

Njira ina ndikusinthira ma electroplating, momwe PCB imalowera m’malo osambira osanja. Pochita izi, mkuwa umakwirira makoma a PCB iliyonse kudzera m’mabowo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino. Njirayi imakhala yotalika komanso yokwera mtengo kuposa njira yolembera inki, koma imathanso kupanga zokutira zodalirika komanso zomangira.

Sequential drilling blind drilling and deep drilling

PCBS yokhala ndi mabowo akhungu imatha kupangidwa m’njira ziwiri. This can be done by laser drilling or by a method called continuous layer construction. Using the sequential construction method, pairs of layers can be drilled and electroplated before bonding is applied. Because they have holes at both ends, electroplating is easy to penetrate for chemical coatings. It also allows blind holes to be designed in such a way that they can pass through multiple layers.

Kutha kuphatikiza zolumikizira zoyenera, kuboola ndi kuyeza magawo kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mabowo angapo akhungu. Izi zimangotengera ngati bowo lakhungu lingadutse ngakhale zigawo kuchokera kumtunda wakunja.

Simultaneous deep drilling or reverse drilling is the process of removing any unused copper drum residue from the through hole. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri zikwangwani zothamanga kwambiri zimasokonekera akamadutsa machubu amkuwa pakati pa zigawo za PCB. Ngati kugwiritsira ntchito mzere wosanjikiza kumabweretsa kusintha kwakutali, padzakhala zosokoneza zambiri.

Kukula kwa PCB kumatanthauziridwa ngati kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa mbale mpaka m’mimba mwake. Mabowo akhungu amafunikira magawo 1 mpaka 1 kapena kupitilira apo.

Pobowola kwakukulu, dzenje lakuya limafotokozedwa ndikukhazikitsa mabowo awiri omwe amafotokozera zoyambira ndi zomaliza kuchokera mbali ya bolodi. Kukula kwake kwakubowoleza kumawerengedwa motere:

Kukula kobowola kumbuyo = Kukula kwa dzenje / pakhosi kukula + 2 x Malamulo opanga mapangidwe Kukula kwakubowola kwakukulu kwambiri

PCB overinductance calculator

Kupyola pobowola kwa PCB kumadalira pazinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza kukula kwa dzenje, kukula kwa mphete, kuchuluka kwake, ndi kubowola molondola. Mutha kupeza zowerengera pa intaneti zokuthandizani kuwerengera PCB yoyenera kutengera kukula komwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.