O le a le mea e ala i-pu PCB ma aisea e taua ai i lolomi laupapa matagaluega? E manaʻomia e le PCB ni pu poʻo ni faʻamau e faʻafesoʻotaʻi ai ona faaputuga. Understanding the standard through-hole sizes used by PCB manufacturers can help you design boards to meet common bit sizes.

Tagavai i le pu tele

PCB gaosi latou lava seti o tulaga masani pu pu e filifili mai pe a viliina pu, ae e masani ona mafai ona latou faʻaaogaina soʻo se tele pu tele. I se tulaga lautele, e mafai e tagata gaosi PCB ona faia le lautele o le PCB e ala i pu e laʻititi e 0.15 mm, faʻatusatusa i le masani masani o le 0.6 mm.

PCB ala-pu tele manaʻoga

Lenei o se loloto suʻesuʻega o le tele manaʻoga.

PCB e ala i le pu tele

O le telē o le PCB e ala atu i le pu e mafai ona fesuisuiaʻi faʻalagolago i lona tulaga, faʻaaogaina, ma isi mea taua, o le mafuaʻaga lea e ofoina atu ai e tagata gaosi PCB uma le tele o PCB laititi. Most manufacturers can make holes as small as 0.15 mm or larger holes of 1 mm or larger. Pe a mafaufauina le tele o le pu e manaʻomia, oe tatau foi ona mafaufau i le mama poʻo le apa memea faataamilo i le pu, lea o le a fausia.

How do you calculate rings? The ideal ring is equal to the sum of the diameter of the copper pad minus the diameter of the drill hole divided by 2, which gives the rig the best chance of hitting the center of the pad for optimal connectivity.

Tagavai i le pu tele

E leai lava se tulaga masani PCB ala-pu tele i PCB gaosiga, e pei o le masani PCB ala-pu tele e masani ona ese mai gaosi oloa i PCB gaosi oloa. Peitaʻi, e tele PCB gaosi latou te manaʻo e faʻaaoga laʻititi laʻititi, ia latou te ono taʻua o le masani PCB laʻititi. O se tasi o lapoa masani o 0.6 mm, ae o le 0.2 mm ma le 0.3 mm e masani foi ona faʻaaogaina.

Type of PCB through hole

E mafai ona e faʻaaogaina tulaga taʻitasi e ala ile-pu e fausia ai ituaiga eseese o PCB e ala atu i pu, faʻamoemoe i le vaega, fausiaina, mamanu, ma le faʻamoemoe o le PCB. O le tolu masani PCB ala-pu ituaiga o:

Plated e ala i le pu

O le eletise i totonu o le-pu (PTH) e i totonu o le-pu e taufetuli uma vaega o le PCB e faʻafesoʻotaʻi le pito i luga ma lalo. Oe tatau ona mafai ona vaʻai PTH mai le tasi itu o le PCB i le isi. PTH mafai ona plated pe leai-plated. E le faʻataina eletise e ala i pu e le faʻapipiʻiina i pu, ae eletise i totonu o pu, o lona uiga latou te faʻatonutonuina le eletise i vaega uma o le PCB.

Le pu tauaso

Blind holes connect the outer (top or bottom) layers of the PCB to one or more inner layers, but do not completely drill through the board. Precise drilling of blind holes can be challenging, so they are typically more expensive to manufacture than PTH.

tamau

Embedded holes can also increase the cost of PCB because they are difficult to manufacture. The holes are located in the inner layer of the PCB to connect two or more inner layers. Oe le mafai vaʻaia le tanuina mea i luga ole PCB pito i fafo.

Mea e mafaufau i ai

E i ai ni nai mea e mafaufau i ai pe a fausiaina se PCB. Muamua, e tatau ona e iloa le a le itu faʻatusatusaga o i PCB mamanu. The aspect ratio is the PCB thickness relative to the diameter of the through hole, which determines the reliability of the copper plating on the PCB. The higher the ratio, the more difficult it is to obtain reliable plating, which affects the type of hole and plating method you choose.

Faʻapipiʻi pe tauaso pu e ono tautuaina lau PCB sili atu ma se vaega faʻatusatusaga o le 15: 1, ao PTH mafai ona galue lelei ma le maualalo vaega vaevaega o 2: 1. Faʻafefea ona e filifilia le mafiafia o le PCB kopa? Usually, through holes in the outer layer (e.g., through holes) require a thicker layer of copper than the buried through holes inside. O le voltage e faʻaaogaina e le PCB e aʻafia ai foʻi le mafiafia o le kopa. High voltage applications typically require thicker PCB copper than low voltage applications.

By filling program

Sometimes PCB through-holes need to be filled, for example to reduce the risk of trapping air or increase electrical conductivity. Some common ways to fill through holes include:

I totonu o le faleʻie

O le fale-i-lua faleie fausia se solder papupuni pa luga o le PCB ala-pu nai lo le faʻatumuina o le pu i mea. This can be a quick, easy and cost-effective option to cover the through-holes, but the tent-style through-holes may reopen over time.

I le poloka

O le auala e faʻaaoga ai le faʻaaogaina o le pu e faʻatumu ai le pu i mea e le o faʻataʻitaʻi ma faʻamau faʻamau i se ufimata. Through-hole clogging also covers the ring and does not produce a smooth, glossy surface.

E ala i le faʻatumuina

Faʻatumu-pu faʻatumu faʻaaogaina resin e fausia ai se tumau tumu pu. A through-hole fill is a common through-hole fill in which the manufacturer fills the through-hole with conductive material, coats the surface with copper, and then trims the surface. This process can route signals to other areas of the PCB.

PCB e ala i pu plating talosaga

E mafai e tagata gaosi oloa ona faʻaaogaina ni metotia eseʻese e faʻaoga ai le PCB e ala atu i le-pu plating e mautinoa ai lona aoga. One common method is to use a low viscosity ink that covers the inside of the through-hole to form a conductive layer. Then through the heat curing process to bond the ink.

O le isi metotia o le faʻaeletise, lea e alu ai le PCB i totonu o le taʻeleʻele eletise. I lenei gaioiga, apamemea ufiufi puipui o PCB taʻitasi ala i pu, ma mafua ai le tutusa mafiafia o le conductive mea. O lenei metotia foliga mai e sili atu uumi ma taugata nai lo le inking gaioiga, ae mafai foi ona fausia ai se sili atu faʻatuatuaina ufiufi ma fusi.

Sequential drilling blind drilling and deep drilling

PCBS ma pupu tauaso mafai ona gaosia i lua auala. This can be done by laser drilling or by a method called continuous layer construction. Using the sequential construction method, pairs of layers can be drilled and electroplated before bonding is applied. Because they have holes at both ends, electroplating is easy to penetrate for chemical coatings. It also allows blind holes to be designed in such a way that they can pass through multiple layers.

O le agavaʻa e tuʻufaʻatasia talafeagai faʻafesoʻotaʻiga, viliina ma plating faʻasologa mafai ai ona fausiaina tele tauaso pu pu. E faʻamoemoeina lava pe mafai e le pu tauaso ona pasia e oʻo lava i le isi vaega.

Simultaneous deep drilling or reverse drilling is the process of removing any unused copper drum residue from the through hole. This usually happens when high-speed signals are distorted as they pass through copper tubes between PCB layers. If using a signal layer results in long transversals, there will be a lot of distortion.

PCB itu faʻatusatusaga o loʻo faʻamatalaina o le fua faʻatatau o le mafiafia ipu i le lautele o le borehole. Ole pu tauaso e manaʻomia le tufatufaina o 1 i le 1 pe sili atu.

A oʻo le loloto viliina o loʻo faʻatinoina, o le loloto o le pu e faʻamatalaina e ala i le setiina o se pea o pu e faʻamaotiina le amataga ma le faʻaiuga vaega mai le itu o le laupapa. O le lautele diameter mo loloto viliina ua fuafuaina e le auala nei:

Tele viliina tele = Faʻaputuga / pad hole tele + 2 x Design tulafono tuaina drill lapoʻa ua tele naua

PCB overinductance calculator

PCB ala-pu inductance faʻalagolago i le tele o itu, aofia ai ala-pu tele, mama lapoa, itu fuataga, ma viliina saʻo. Oe mafai ona maua i luga o le initoneti calculator e fesoasoani ia te oe fuafua le sao PCB tusa ai ma le tele e te manaʻomia e faʻaaoga.