Guddiga PCB dhibaatada wareegga gaaban

Sababta ugu weyn ee wareegga gaaban ee PCB waa naqshad aan habboonayn. Waqtigaan, suufka wareegga ah waxaa loo bedeli karaa qaab elliptical ah si loo kordhiyo masaafada u dhaxaysa dhibcaha, si looga hortago wareegyada gaaban.

Naqshadaynta aan habboonayn ee qaybaha guddiga PCB waxay sidoo kale sababi doontaa wareegga gaaban ee guddiga wareegga, taas oo keenta shaqo la’aan. Haddii biinanka SOIC uu barbar socdo hirka daasadda, way fududahay in la keeno shil wareeg gaaban. Xaaladdan oo kale, jihada qaybta ayaa wax laga beddeli karaa si ay u siman tahay hirarka daasadda.

Sababta kale ayaa ah in guddiga PCB uu yahay mid gaaban oo wareeg ah, taas oo ah, unugga fur-in-ku-gudbinta oo toos ah. Sida IPC-gu uu qeexayo in dhererka fiilada uu ka yar yahay 2mm, marka xagasha leexintu ay aad u weyn tahay, qaybtu aad bay u weyn tahay oo way fududahay in ay keento wareeg gaaban. Isku-xidhka alxanka ayaa in ka badan 2mm u jira wareegga.

Marka lagu daro saddexda sababood ee kor ku xusan, waxaa jira sababo sababi kara cillado gaaban oo ku yimaada guddiga PCB-ga. Tusaale ahaan, godka substrate aad buu u weyn yahay, heerkulka foornada daasadaha ayaa aad u hooseeya, alxanka dusha sare ee looxa waa liidata, maaskarada alxanka waa mid aan sax ahayn, iyo guddiga. Wasakhowga dusha iwm ayaa ah sababaha caadiga ah ee fashilka. Ingineerku wuxuu mid mid u tirtiri karaa oo hubin karaa sababaha iyo khaladaadka kor ku xusan.

4 siyaabood oo lagu horumariyo PCB go’an wareegga gaaban

Kobcinta wareegga gaaban ee wareegga gaaban ee wareegga gaaban PCB waxaa inta badan sababa xagashada khadka soo saarista filimka ama qashinka oo xirma shaashadda dahaarka leh. Lakabka dahaarka leh ee dahaarka leh ayaa soo ifbaxaya naxaasta wuxuuna sababa wareegga gaaban ee PCB-ga. Horumarintu waa sida soo socota:

Filimka ku jira filimka waa in uusan la kulmin dhibaatooyin sida trachoma, xoqid, iwm. Marka la dhigo, dusha filimku waa in uu kor u kacaa oo uusan ku xoqin walxaha kale. Markaad nuqul ka sameysid filimka, filimku wuxuu wajahayaa dusha sare ee filimka, filimka ku habboon ayaa lagu shubaa wakhtiga. Ku kaydi shandad filim.

Marka filimku soo jeedo, wuxuu u jeedaa dusha PCB. Markaad duubayso filimka, ku soo qaado xajmiga labada gacmood. Ha taaban walxaha kale si aad isaga ilaaliso inaad xoqdo oogada filimka. Marka saxanku gaadho tiro cayiman, filim kastaa waa inuu joojiyaa isku toosinta. Hubi ama ku beddel gacanta. Ku rid bac filim ku habboon oo ku kaydi.

Hawl-wadeenadu waa inaanay xidhin wax qurxin ah, sida faraanti, jijimo, iwm. Cidiyaha waa in la gooyaa oo lagu hayaa beerta dhexdeeda. Waa in aan wax qashin ah la saarin dusha sare ee miiska, miiska dushiisana waa inuu ahaado mid nadiif ah oo siman.

Kahor inta aan la samayn nooca shaashadda, waa in si adag loo hubiyo in aysan jirin wax dhibaato ah. Nooca shaashadda. Markaad codsanayso filim qoyan, badanaa waa lagama maarmaan in la hubiyo warqadda si loo hubiyo in uu jiro saxmad warqad ah oo shaashadda ah. Haddi aysan jirin daabacaad dhex dhexaad ah, waa inaad daabacdaa shaashad madhan dhowr jeer ka hor inta aadan daabacin si ka khafiifka ah ee khadku uu si buuxda u milmi karo khad adag si loo hubiyo daadinta siman ee shaashadda.

Habka kormeerka wareegga gaaban ee guddiga PCB

Haddii ay tahay alxanka gacanta, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la horumariyo caadooyinka wanaagsan. Marka hore, si muuqaal ah u eeg guddiga PCB ka hor alxanka, oo isticmaal multimeter si aad u hubiso in wareegyada muhiimka ah (gaar ahaan sahayda korontada iyo dhulka) ay yihiin kuwo gaaban oo wareeg ah. Marka labaad, iibiso jilibka mar kasta. Isticmaal multimeter si aad u cabbirto in sahayda korontada iyo dhulku ay gaaban yihiin. Intaa waxaa dheer, ha iibin birta marka la iibinayo. Haddii alxanka lagu iibiyo lugaha alxanka (gaar ahaan qaybaha dusha sare), ma fududa in la helo.

Ka fur PCB-ga kombayutarka, iftiimi shabkada gaaban ee wareega, ka dibna eeg in uu ugu dhow yahay iyo sida ugu fudud ee lagu xidhi karo. Fadlan fiiro gaar ah u yeelo wareegga gaaban ee gudaha ee IC.

Wareeg gaaban ayaa la helay. Qaado loox si aad u jarto xariiqda (gaar ahaan sabuur hal/laba ah). Goynta ka dib, qayb kasta oo ka mid ah xannibaadda shaqada si gaar ah ayaa loo tamarinayaa, qaybaha qaarkoodna kuma jiraan.

Adeegso falanqeeye goob-gaaban, sida: Singapore PROTEQ CB2000 tracker-gaaban, Hong Kong Ganoderma QT50 tracker-gaaban, British POLAR ToneOhm950 qalabka lakabka badan ee wareegga gaaban.

Haddii uu jiro chip BGA, maadaama dhammaan kala-goysyada alxanka aysan daboolin jajabku, oo ay tahay guddi lakabyo badan (in ka badan 4 lakab), waxaa fiican in la isticmaalo birta birta ah ama 0 ohm si loo kala saaro awoodda mid kasta jajabka naqshadeynta. Resistors-ku waxa uu ku xidhan yahay marka korantadu ay gaaban tahay dhulka, waxaa la ogaanayaa kuulka birlabeedka oo ay fududahay in la helo jajab gaar ah. Sababtoo ah BGA way adag tahay in la iibiyo, haddii aysan ahayn si toos ah alxanka mashiinka, awoodda ku dhow iyo kubbadaha alxanka dhulka ayaa si taxadar leh loo wareejin doonaa.

Ka digtoonow marka aad alxanayso xajiyeyaasha sare ee saacadaha waaweyn iyo kuwa yaryar, gaar ahaan capacitors filter power (103 ama 104), waxay si fudud u keeni karaan wareeg gaaban oo u dhexeeya sahayda korontada iyo dhulka. Dabcan, mararka qaarkood nasiib xumo, capacitor laftiisa ayaa gaabin doona wareegga, sidaas darteed habka ugu fiican waa in la hubiyo capacitor ka hor alxanka.