I. Common errors in schematic diagrams

(2) Component out of bounds: component is not created in the center of component library diagram paper.

(3) The created project file network table can only be partially loaded into PCB: Globaal is nie gekies toe die netlys gegenereer is nie.

(4) Gebruik nooit Annoteer as u selfgemaakte meerdelige komponente gebruik nie.

Common errors in PCB

(1) When the network is loaded, it is reported that NODE is not found a. Components in the schematic diagram use packages that are not in the PCB library; B. Components in the schematic diagram use packages with different names in the PCB library; C. Komponente in skematiese diagramme gebruik pakkette met inkonsekwente PIN -nommers in PCB -biblioteek. Byvoorbeeld, triode: die speldgetalle in SCH is e, b, c en 1,2,3 in PCB.

(2) Always cannot print to a page when printing

A. PCB -biblioteek is nie van oorsprong wanneer dit geskep word nie; B. Daar is verborge karakters buite die perke van die printplaat nadat die komponente baie keer beweeg en gedraai is. Kies wys alle verborge karakters, krimp die PCB en skuif die karakters binne die grens.

(3) NGK se verslagdoeningsnetwerk is in verskillende dele verdeel:

Dit dui aan dat die netwerk nie gekoppel is nie. Kyk na die verslaglêer en kies VERBONDE KOPER om te soek.

As u ‘n meer ingewikkelde ontwerp het, probeer om nie outomatiese bedrading te gebruik nie.

Common mistakes in PCB manufacturing process

(1) padoorvleueling a. Veroorsaak ‘n swaar gat in die boor as gevolg van verskeie gate in ‘n gat wat veroorsaak word deur boor en gatskade.

B. In die meerlaagse bord is daar beide verbindingsskyfies en isolasieskywe in dieselfde posisie, en die bord tree op as • isolasie- en verbindingsfout.

(2) Die gebruik van grafiese laag is nie gestandaardiseer nie a. Dit skend die konvensionele ontwerp, soos ontwerp van komponentoppervlakke in die onderste laag, ontwerp van sweisoppervlak in die TOP -laag, wat misverstand veroorsaak.

B. There is a lot of design junk on each layer, such as broken lines, useless borders, annotations, etc.

(3) Unreasonable characters a. Characters cover SMD welds, which brings inconvenience to PCB on-off detection and component welding.

B. Karakters is te klein, wat lei tot probleme met skermdruk, te groot karakters oorvleuel mekaar, dit is moeilik om te onderskei, algemene lettertipe> 40 duisend

(4) Single-sided pads set aperture a. Single-sided pads generally do not drill holes, the aperture should be designed to be zero, otherwise in the production of drilling data, the location of the hole coordinates. Special instructions should be given for drilling holes.

B. As die enkelsydige kussing geboor moet word, maar die gat nie ontwerp is nie, sal die sagteware die kussing as SMT-kussing behandel wanneer elektriese en vormingsdata uitgevoer word, en die binneste laag sal die isolasieblok weggooi.

(5) Draw the pad with a filling block

Alhoewel dit op die manier deur die DRK -inspeksie kan slaag, kan dit nie soldeerweerstandsdata tydens die verwerking genereer nie, en die kussing is bedek met soldeerweerstand en kan dit nie gelas word nie.

(6) The electric stratum is designed with both heat sink plate and signal line, and the positive and negative images are designed together, causing errors.

(7) Rasterafstand tussen groot oppervlaktes is te klein

Grid line spacing < 0.3 mm, tydens die vervaardiging van PCB, produseer die grafiese oordragproses stukkende film nadat dit ontwikkel is, wat draadbreuk tot gevolg het. Verbeter die verwerkingsprobleme.

(8) The graph is too close to the outer frame

The spacing should be more than 0.2mm at least (more than 0.35mm at V-cut), otherwise the copper foil will warp and solder resist will fall off during the appearance processing. Affect the appearance quality (including the inner copper skin of the multilayer panel).

(9) The outline frame design is not clear

Baie lae is ontwerp met rame wat nie met mekaar saamval nie, wat dit vir PCB -vervaardigers moeilik maak om te bepaal watter lyn gevorm moet word. Die standaard raam moet ontwerp word in die meganiese laag of BOORD laag, en die interne uitgeholde posisie moet duidelik wees.

(10) Ongelyke grafiese ontwerp

When the graph electroplating, the current distribution is uneven, affecting the coating uniform, even cause warpage.

(11) Kort gevormde gat

Die lengte/breedte van die spesiaal gevormde gat moet> wees 2: 1, breedte & gt; 1.0mm, otherwise CNC drilling machine can not process.

(12) No milling shape positioning hole is designed

Design at least 2 diameters in PCB if possible. 1.5 mm posisioneringsgat.

(13) The aperture is not clearly marked

A. Aperture should be marked in metric system as far as possible and increase by 0.05. B. As far as possible to merge the aperture into a reservoir area. C. Whether the tolerance of metallized holes and special holes (such as crimping holes) is clearly marked.

(14) The inner layer of the multilayer is unreasonable

A. The heat dissipation pad is placed on the isolation belt. It may fail to connect after drilling. B. Die ontwerp van die isolasieband is gekerf en kan maklik misverstaan ​​word. C. The isolation belt is too narrow to accurately judge the network

(15) Design of buried blind orifice plate

The significance of design of buried blind hole plate: a. Increase the density of multilayer board by more than 30%, reduce the number of layers of multilayer board and reduce the size of b. Verbeterde PCB -prestasie, veral beheer van kenmerkende impedansie (draadverkorting, diafragmavermindering) c. Verbeter die vryheid van PCB -ontwerp d. grondstowwe en koste te verminder, wat bydra tot die beskerming van die omgewing. Ander skryf die probleme toe aan werkgewoontes, wat dikwels die probleem van die persoon is.

Gebrek aan beplanning

As the saying goes, “If a man does not plan ahead, trouble will find him. “This certainly applies to PCB design as well. Een van die vele stappe waarmee PCB -ontwerp suksesvol is, is die keuse van die regte hulpmiddel. Today’s PCB design engineers can find many powerful and easy-to-use EDA suites on the market. Elkeen het sy eie unieke vermoëns, sterk punte en beperkings. It should also be noted that no software is foolproof, so problems such as component packaging mismatches are bound to occur. Dit is moontlik dat geen enkele hulpmiddel aan al u behoeftes sal voldoen nie, maar u moet steeds vooraf navorsing doen en probeer uitvind wat die beste vir u behoeftes is. Sommige inligting op die internet kan u help om vinnig aan die gang te kom.

Swak kommunikasie

While the practice of outsourcing PCB design to other vendors is becoming more common and often very cost-effective, it may not be appropriate for complex PCB designs where performance and reliability are critical. As design complexity increases, face-to-face communication between engineers and PCB designers becomes important in order to ensure accurate component layout and wiring in real time. This face-to-face communication can help save costly rework later.

Dit is ook belangrik om PCB -vervaardigers vroeg in die ontwerpproses uit te nooi. They can provide initial feedback on your design, and they can maximize efficiency based on their processes and procedures, which will save you considerable time and money in the long run. Deur hulle te laat weet wat u ontwerpdoelwitte is en hulle uit te nooi om deel te neem aan die vroeë stadiums van die uitleg van die PCB, kan u moontlike probleme vermy voordat die produk in produksie begin en die tyd wat dit op die mark bring, verkort.

Kon nie vroeë prototipes deeglik toets nie

Met prototipe borde kan u bewys dat u ontwerp volgens die oorspronklike spesifikasies werk. Prototype testing allows you to verify the functionality and quality of a PCB and its performance prior to mass production. Successful prototyping takes a lot of time and experience, but a strong test plan and a clear set of goals can shorten evaluation time and also reduce the likelihood of production-related errors. If any problems are found during prototype testing, a second test is performed on the reconfigured board. Deur hoë risikofaktore vroeg in die ontwerpproses in te sluit, vind u baat by verskeie herhalings van toetse, om moontlike probleme vroegtydig te identifiseer, risiko’s te verminder en te verseker dat die plan betyds voltooi word.

Use inefficient layout techniques or incorrect components

Smaller, faster devices allow PCB design engineers to lay out complex designs that use smaller components to reduce footprint and place them closer together. Using technologies such as embedded discrete devices on internal PCB layers, or ball Grid array (BGA) packages with less pin spacing, will help reduce board size, improve performance, and preserve space for rework if problems occur. As dit gebruik word met komponente met ‘n hoë speldtelling en kleiner spasiëring, is dit belangrik om die regte borduitlegtegniek op die ontwerptyd te kies om later probleme te vermy en vervaardigingskoste te verminder. Bestudeer ook die omvang en prestasie-eienskappe van die alternatiewe wat u van plan is om te gebruik, selfs dié wat as vervangings vervang word. A small change in the characteristics of a replacement component can be enough to screw up the performance of an entire design.

Vergeet om ‘n rugsteun van belangrike data vir u werkrugsteun te maak. Moet ek u daaraan herinner? At the very least, you should back up your most important work and other hard-to-replace files. Alhoewel die meeste ondernemings daagliks ‘n rugsteun van al hul data maak, is dit moontlik dat sommige kleiner ondernemings dit nie doen nie, selfs as u tuis werk. Today, it’s so easy and cheap to back up your data to the cloud that there’s no excuse not to back it up and store it in a secure location to protect it from theft, fire, and other local disasters.

Become a one-man island

Alhoewel u dink dat u ontwerp foutloos is, en om foute te maak net nie u styl is nie, sal u eweknieë baie keer foute in u ontwerp sien wat u nie opgemerk het nie. Soms, selfs as u die ingewikkelde besonderhede van ‘n ontwerp ken, kan mense wat minder blootstelling daaraan het, ‘n meer objektiewe houding kan handhaaf en waardevolle insigte gee. Regular review of your design with your peers can help spot unforeseen problems and keep your plan on track to stay within budget. Natuurlik is foute onvermydelik, maar as u daaruit leer, kan u die volgende keer ‘n uitstekende produk ontwerp.