I. Common errors in schematic diagrams

(2) Component out of bounds: component is not created in the center of component library diagram paper.

(3) The created project file network table can only be partially loaded into PCB: Globalno ni bilo izbrano, ko je bil ustvarjen netlist.

(4) Nikoli ne uporabljajte opombe pri uporabi samostojno izdelanih večdelnih komponent.

Common errors in PCB

(1) When the network is loaded, it is reported that NODE is not found a. Components in the schematic diagram use packages that are not in the PCB library; B. Components in the schematic diagram use packages with different names in the PCB library; C. Komponente v shematskih shemah uporabljajo pakete z nedoslednimi številkami PIN v knjižnici PCB. Na primer trioda: številke pinov v SCH so e, b, c in 1,2,3 v tiskanem vezju.

(2) Always cannot print to a page when printing

A. Knjižnica PCB ni nastala, ko je ustvarjena; B. Po večkratnem premikanju in vrtenju komponent so skriti znaki zunaj meja PCB plošče. Izberite Prikaži vse skrite znake, skrčite tiskano vezje in nato premaknite znake znotraj meje.

(3) Mreža za poročanje DRK je razdeljena na več delov:

To pomeni, da omrežje NI POVEZANO. Oglejte si datoteko poročila in za iskanje izberite POVEZANI MED.

Če je zapletena zasnova, ne uporabljajte samodejnega ožičenja.

Common mistakes in PCB manufacturing process

(1) prekrivanje blazinic a. Povzroči močno luknjo v vrtanju zaradi več lukenj v luknji, ki so nastale zaradi vrtanja in poškodb lukenj.

B. V večplastni plošči sta v istem položaju tako povezovalni diski kot izolacijski diski, plošča pa se obnaša kot • izolacija in napaka pri povezavi.

(2) Uporaba grafičnega sloja ni standardizirana a. Krši konvencionalno zasnovo, na primer zasnovo površin sestavnih delov v spodnjem sloju, zasnovo varilne površine v zgornji plasti, kar povzroča nesporazum.

B. There is a lot of design junk on each layer, such as broken lines, useless borders, annotations, etc.

(3) Unreasonable characters a. Characters cover SMD welds, which brings inconvenience to PCB on-off detection and component welding.

B. Znaki so premajhni, kar povzroča težave pri sitotisku, preveliki znaki se prekrivajo, težko jih je razlikovati, splošna pisava> 40 tisoč

(4) Single-sided pads set aperture a. Single-sided pads generally do not drill holes, the aperture should be designed to be zero, otherwise in the production of drilling data, the location of the hole coordinates. Special instructions should be given for drilling holes.

B. Če je treba enostransko blazinico izvrtati, vendar luknja ni zasnovana, bo programska oprema ob izhodu električnih in formacijskih podatkov blazinico obravnavala kot SMT blazinico, notranja plast pa bo zavrgla izolacijsko blazinico.

(5) Draw the pad with a filling block

Na ta način, čeprav lahko prestane pregled DRC, med obdelavo ne more neposredno ustvariti podatkov o odpornosti na spajkanje, blazinica pa je prekrita z odpornostjo na spajkanje in je ni mogoče variti.

(6) The electric stratum is designed with both heat sink plate and signal line, and the positive and negative images are designed together, causing errors.

(7) Razmik mreže velikih površin je premajhen

Grid line spacing < 0.3 mm, v procesu izdelave PCB -ja proces grafičnega prenosa po lomljenju ustvari zlomljeno folijo, kar povzroči prekinitev žice. Izboljšajte težave pri obdelavi.

(8) The graph is too close to the outer frame

The spacing should be more than 0.2mm at least (more than 0.35mm at V-cut), otherwise the copper foil will warp and solder resist will fall off during the appearance processing. Affect the appearance quality (including the inner copper skin of the multilayer panel).

(9) The outline frame design is not clear

Številne plasti so oblikovane z okvirji, ki med seboj ne sovpadajo, zato proizvajalcem PCB težko določijo, katero linijo je treba oblikovati. Standardni okvir mora biti oblikovan v mehanski plasti ali plasti BOARD, notranji votli položaj pa mora biti čist.

(10) Neenakomerno grafično oblikovanje

When the graph electroplating, the current distribution is uneven, affecting the coating uniform, even cause warpage.

(11) Kratko oblikovana luknja

Dolžina/širina luknje posebne oblike mora biti> 2: 1, širina & gt; 1.0mm, otherwise CNC drilling machine can not process.

(12) No milling shape positioning hole is designed

Design at least 2 diameters in PCB if possible. 1.5 mm luknja za pozicioniranje.

(13) The aperture is not clearly marked

A. Aperture should be marked in metric system as far as possible and increase by 0.05. B. As far as possible to merge the aperture into a reservoir area. C. Whether the tolerance of metallized holes and special holes (such as crimping holes) is clearly marked.

(14) The inner layer of the multilayer is unreasonable

A. The heat dissipation pad is placed on the isolation belt. It may fail to connect after drilling. B. Zasnova izolacijskega pasu je zarezana in je zlahka razumljiva. C. The isolation belt is too narrow to accurately judge the network

(15) Design of buried blind orifice plate

The significance of design of buried blind hole plate: a. Increase the density of multilayer board by more than 30%, reduce the number of layers of multilayer board and reduce the size of b. Izboljšana zmogljivost tiskanega vezja, zlasti nadzor značilne impedance (skrajšanje žice, zmanjšanje odprtine) c. Izboljšajte svobodo oblikovanja PCB d. zmanjšati surovine in stroške ter prispevati k varstvu okolja. Drugi težave pripisujejo delovnim navadam, ki so pogosto problem osebe.

Pomanjkanje načrtovanja

As the saying goes, “If a man does not plan ahead, trouble will find him. “This certainly applies to PCB design as well. Eden od mnogih korakov, zaradi katerih je oblikovanje PCB uspešna, je izbira pravega orodja. Today’s PCB design engineers can find many powerful and easy-to-use EDA suites on the market. Vsak ima svoje edinstvene sposobnosti, prednosti in omejitve. It should also be noted that no software is foolproof, so problems such as component packaging mismatches are bound to occur. Možno je, da nobeno orodje ne bo zadostilo vsem vašim potrebam, vendar morate vseeno predhodno raziskati in poskusiti ugotoviti, kaj je najbolje za vaše potrebe. Nekatere informacije v internetu vam lahko pomagajo, da hitro začnete.

Slaba komunikacija

While the practice of outsourcing PCB design to other vendors is becoming more common and often very cost-effective, it may not be appropriate for complex PCB designs where performance and reliability are critical. As design complexity increases, face-to-face communication between engineers and PCB designers becomes important in order to ensure accurate component layout and wiring in real time. This face-to-face communication can help save costly rework later.

Prav tako je pomembno, da na začetku načrtovanja povabite proizvajalce PCB plošč. They can provide initial feedback on your design, and they can maximize efficiency based on their processes and procedures, which will save you considerable time and money in the long run. Če jim sporočite svoje oblikovalske cilje in jih povabite, da sodelujejo v zgodnjih fazah postavitve PCB -ja, se lahko izognete morebitnim težavam, preden izdelek začne s proizvodnjo, in skrajšate čas za trženje.

Temeljito testiranje zgodnjih prototipov ni uspelo

Prototipne plošče vam omogočajo, da dokažete, da vaš dizajn deluje po prvotnih specifikacijah. Prototype testing allows you to verify the functionality and quality of a PCB and its performance prior to mass production. Successful prototyping takes a lot of time and experience, but a strong test plan and a clear set of goals can shorten evaluation time and also reduce the likelihood of production-related errors. If any problems are found during prototype testing, a second test is performed on the reconfigured board. Z vključitvijo dejavnikov visokega tveganja v zgodnji proces načrtovanja boste imeli koristi od več ponovitev preskušanja, zgodnjega prepoznavanja morebitnih težav, zmanjševanja tveganj in zagotavljanja, da je načrt dokončan v predvidenem roku.

Use inefficient layout techniques or incorrect components

Smaller, faster devices allow PCB design engineers to lay out complex designs that use smaller components to reduce footprint and place them closer together. Using technologies such as embedded discrete devices on internal PCB layers, or ball Grid array (BGA) packages with less pin spacing, will help reduce board size, improve performance, and preserve space for rework if problems occur. Če se uporablja s komponentami z velikim številom zatičev in manjšim razmikom, je pomembno, da v času načrtovanja izberete pravo tehniko postavitve plošč, da se izognete težavam pozneje in zmanjšate stroške proizvodnje. Prav tako pozorno preučite obseg in značilnosti delovanja alternativ, ki jih nameravate uporabiti, tudi tistih, ki so označeni kot nadomestni nadomestki. A small change in the characteristics of a replacement component can be enough to screw up the performance of an entire design.

Pozabite varnostno kopirati pomembne podatke za varnostno kopiranje dela. Ali vas moram opomniti? At the very least, you should back up your most important work and other hard-to-replace files. Medtem ko večina podjetij dnevno varnostno kopira vse svoje podatke, nekatera manjša podjetja tega morda ne počnejo ali celo če delate od doma. Today, it’s so easy and cheap to back up your data to the cloud that there’s no excuse not to back it up and store it in a secure location to protect it from theft, fire, and other local disasters.

Become a one-man island

Čeprav se vam morda zdi, da je vaš dizajn brezhiben, napake pa preprosto niso vaš slog, bodo vaši vrstniki velikokrat v vašem oblikovanju opazili napake, ki jih niste opazili. Včasih, tudi če poznate zapletene podrobnosti oblikovanja, lahko ljudje, ki so mu manj izpostavljeni, ohranijo bolj objektiven odnos in zagotovijo dragocen vpogled. Regular review of your design with your peers can help spot unforeseen problems and keep your plan on track to stay within budget. Seveda so napake neizogibne, če pa se iz njih kaj naučite, lahko naslednjič oblikujete odličen izdelek.