I. Common errors in schematic diagrams

(2) Component out of bounds: component is not created in the center of component library diagram paper.

(3) The created project file network table can only be partially loaded into PCB: Global lama dooran markii la soo saaray liis net.

(4) Never use Annotate when using self-created multipart components.

Common errors in PCB

(1) When the network is loaded, it is reported that NODE is not found a. Components in the schematic diagram use packages that are not in the PCB library; B. Components in the schematic diagram use packages with different names in the PCB library; C. Qaybaha ku jira jaantusyada qaab -dhismeedku waxay adeegsadaan baakado leh lambarada PIN ee aan is -waafaqsanayn ee maktabadda PCB. Tusaale ahaan, triode: tirooyinka biinka ee SCH waa e, b, c, iyo 1,2,3 PCB.

(2) Always cannot print to a page when printing

A. Maktabadda PCB asal ahaan ma aha markii la abuuray; B. Waxaa jira jilayaal qarsoon oo ka baxsan soohdinta guddiga PCB ka dib marka la dhaqaajiyo oo la rogrogo qaybo badan. Xulo muuji dhammaan jilayaasha qarsoon, hoos u dhig PCB -ga, ka dibna u dhaqaaq jilayaasha gudaha xadka.

(3) Shabakadda warbixinta DRC waxay u qaybsan tahay dhowr qaybood:

Tani waxay tilmaamaysaa in shabakaddu aysan XIDHIIDHN lahayn. Eeg faylka warbixinta oo dooro NAXII KU XIRAN si aad u baarto.

Haddii naqshad ka sii adag tahay, isku day inaadan isticmaalin fiilooyin otomaatig ah.

Common mistakes in PCB manufacturing process

(1) suufka ayaa is dul saaran a. Sababo dalool culus, qodista sababta oo ah daloollo badan oo ku jira daloolka ay sababeen qodista iyo dhaawaca godka.

B. Guddiyada lakabyada badan leh, waxaa ku jira isku-xidhka isku-xidhka iyo cajaladaha go’doonku isku meel, boodhkuna wuxuu u dhaqmaa sida • khalad go’doon iyo isku-xidhnaan.

(2) Isticmaalka lakabka garaafyada lama jaangooyo a. Waxay ku xad -gudubtaa naqshadda caadiga ah, sida naqshadda dusha sare ee lakabka hoose, alxanka naqshadda dusha ee lakabka TOP, taasoo keenta is -faham la’aan.

B. There is a lot of design junk on each layer, such as broken lines, useless borders, annotations, etc.

(3) Unreasonable characters a. Characters cover SMD welds, which brings inconvenience to PCB on-off detection and component welding.

B. Calaamadaha aad bay u yar yihiin, taas oo keenta dhibaatooyin daabacaadda shaashadda, jilayaal aad u waaweyn ayaa is -dul saaran, way adag tahay in la kala saaro, font guud> 40 kun

(4) Single-sided pads set aperture a. Single-sided pads generally do not drill holes, the aperture should be designed to be zero, otherwise in the production of drilling data, the location of the hole coordinates. Special instructions should be given for drilling holes.

B. Haddii suufka hal dhinac ah loo baahan yahay in la qodo, laakiin daloolka aan la naqshadeyn, softiweerku wuxuu ula dhaqmi doonaa suufka sida suufka SMT marka la soo saaro xogta korantada iyo sameynta, iyo lakabka gudaha ayaa iska tuuri doona suunka go’doominta.

(5) Draw the pad with a filling block

Sidan, in kasta oo ay dhaafi karto kormeerka DRC, si toos ah uma abuuri karto xogta iska -caabbinta alxanka inta lagu gudajiro, iyo suufka waxaa lagu daboolay iska -caabbinta alxanka mana la alxankaro.

(6) The electric stratum is designed with both heat sink plate and signal line, and the positive and negative images are designed together, causing errors.

(7) Large area grid spacing is too small

Grid line spacing < 0.3mm, geedi socodka waxsoosaarka PCB, habka wareejinta garaafku wuxuu soo saaraa filim jabay ka dib markii la horumariyey, taasoo dhalisay jebinta siligga. Hagaajinta dhibka hawsha

(8) The graph is too close to the outer frame

The spacing should be more than 0.2mm at least (more than 0.35mm at V-cut), otherwise the copper foil will warp and solder resist will fall off during the appearance processing. Affect the appearance quality (including the inner copper skin of the multilayer panel).

(9) The outline frame design is not clear

Lakabyo badan ayaa loo qaabeeyay xayndaabyo, kuwaas oo aan ku beegnayn midba midka kale, taasoo ku adkaynaysa soo saarayaasha PCB inay go’aamiyaan khadka ay tahay in la sameeyo. Qaab -dhismeedka caadiga ah waa in lagu naqshadeeyaa lakabka farsamada ama lakabka BOARD, iyo meesha bannaan ee bannaan ee bannaan waa inay caddahay.

(10) Naqshad garaaf aan sinnayn

When the graph electroplating, the current distribution is uneven, affecting the coating uniform, even cause warpage.

(11) Dalool qaab gaaban leh

Dhererka/ballaca daloolka qaabka gaarka ah leh waa in> 2: 1, ballac & gt; 1.0mm, otherwise CNC drilling machine can not process.

(12) No milling shape positioning hole is designed

Design at least 2 diameters in PCB if possible. Daloolka meelaynta 1.5mm.

(13) The aperture is not clearly marked

A. Aperture should be marked in metric system as far as possible and increase by 0.05. B. As far as possible to merge the aperture into a reservoir area. C. Whether the tolerance of metallized holes and special holes (such as crimping holes) is clearly marked.

(14) The inner layer of the multilayer is unreasonable

A. The heat dissipation pad is placed on the isolation belt. It may fail to connect after drilling. B. Naqshadeynta suunka go’doominta waa mid aan fiicneyn oo si sahlan loo fahmi karo. C. The isolation belt is too narrow to accurately judge the network

(15) Design of buried blind orifice plate

The significance of design of buried blind hole plate: a. Increase the density of multilayer board by more than 30%, reduce the number of layers of multilayer board and reduce the size of b. Waxqabadka PCB -ga oo la wanaajiyay, gaar ahaan xakamaynta cillad -xumada dabeecadda (soo -gaabinta siligga, yareynta daloolka) c. Hagaajinta xorriyadda naqshadda PCB d. yareey alaabta ceeriin ah iyo kharashyada, ku habboon ilaalinta deegaanka. Qaar kale waxay dhibaatooyinka u nisbeeyaan caadooyinka shaqada, oo inta badan ah dhibaatada qofka.

Qorshe la’aan

As the saying goes, “If a man does not plan ahead, trouble will find him. “This certainly applies to PCB design as well. Mid ka mid ah tillaabooyinka badan ee ka dhigaya naqshadeynta PCB guul waa xulashada aaladda saxda ah. Today’s PCB design engineers can find many powerful and easy-to-use EDA suites on the market. Mid kastaa wuxuu leeyahay awoodo u gaar ah, xoog iyo xaddidaad. It should also be noted that no software is foolproof, so problems such as component packaging mismatches are bound to occur. Waxaa suurtogal ah inaysan jirin qalab keliya oo dabooli kara baahiyahaaga oo dhan, laakiin weli waa inaad sameysaa baaritaankaaga ka hor oo aad isku daydaa inaad ogaato waxa ku habboon baahiyahaaga. Macluumaadka internetka qaarkood ayaa kaa caawin kara inaad si dhakhso ah u bilowdo.

Wadahadal xumo

While the practice of outsourcing PCB design to other vendors is becoming more common and often very cost-effective, it may not be appropriate for complex PCB designs where performance and reliability are critical. As design complexity increases, face-to-face communication between engineers and PCB designers becomes important in order to ensure accurate component layout and wiring in real time. This face-to-face communication can help save costly rework later.

Waxa kale oo muhiim ah in la casuumo soo -saareyaasha guddiga PCB horaantii habka naqshadeynta. They can provide initial feedback on your design, and they can maximize efficiency based on their processes and procedures, which will save you considerable time and money in the long run. Markaad ogeysiiso yoolalkaaga naqshadeynta oo aad ku martiqaado inay ka qeybgalaan marxaladaha hore ee qaabeynta PCB, waxaad ka fogaan kartaa wixii dhibaato ah ee dhici kara ka hor inta aysan badeecadu soo saarin waxna u gaabin waqtiga suuqa.

Ku guuldareystay inuu si fiican u tijaabiyo tusaalooyinkii hore

Boodhadhka tusaalayntu waxay kuu oggolaanayaan inaad caddeyso in naqshaddaadu u shaqaynayso tilmaamihii hore. Prototype testing allows you to verify the functionality and quality of a PCB and its performance prior to mass production. Successful prototyping takes a lot of time and experience, but a strong test plan and a clear set of goals can shorten evaluation time and also reduce the likelihood of production-related errors. If any problems are found during prototype testing, a second test is performed on the reconfigured board. Adigoo ku daraya qodobo halis sare leh horaantii geedi socodka naqshadeynta, waxaad ka faa’iideysan doontaa tijaabooyin badan oo tijaabo ah, aqoonsashada wixii dhibaatooyin ah ee dhici kara goor hore, yareynta halista, iyo hubinta in qorshaha lagu dhammeystiro jadwalka.

Use inefficient layout techniques or incorrect components

Smaller, faster devices allow PCB design engineers to lay out complex designs that use smaller components to reduce footprint and place them closer together. Using technologies such as embedded discrete devices on internal PCB layers, or ball Grid array (BGA) packages with less pin spacing, will help reduce board size, improve performance, and preserve space for rework if problems occur. Marka la adeegsado qaybaha leh tiirka biinka sare iyo kala fogaanshaha, waxaa muhiim ah in la doorto farsamaynta qaabeynta guddiga saxda ah waqtiga naqshadeynta si looga fogaado dhibaatooyinka mar dambe oo la yareeyo kharashaadka wax -soo -saarka. Sidoo kale, hubso inaad si taxaddar leh u baratid baaxadda iyo astaamaha waxqabad ee beddelka aad qorsheyneyso inaad isticmaasho, xitaa kuwa lagu calaamadeeyay beddelka hoos-u-dhaca. A small change in the characteristics of a replacement component can be enough to screw up the performance of an entire design.

Forget to back up important data for your work backup. Miyaan u baahanahay inaan ku xasuusiyo? At the very least, you should back up your most important work and other hard-to-replace files. In kasta oo shirkadaha intooda badani ay maalin walba soo celiyaan dhammaan xogtooda, qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha yaryar ayaa laga yaabaa inaysan tan samayn, ama xitaa haddii aad guriga ka shaqayso. Today, it’s so easy and cheap to back up your data to the cloud that there’s no excuse not to back it up and store it in a secure location to protect it from theft, fire, and other local disasters.

Become a one-man island

In kasta oo aad u maleyn karto in nashqaddaadu tahay mid aan cillad lahayn oo khaladaadku aysan ahayn qaabkaaga, marar badan asaaggaaga ayaa ku arki doona khaladaad ku jira naqshaddaada oo aadan arkin. Mararka qaarkood, xitaa haddii aad taqaan faahfaahinta murugsan ee naqshadeynta, dadka aan la kulmin wax yar ayaa laga yaabaa inay awoodaan inay ilaaliyaan dabeecad ujeedo badan oo ay bixiyaan aragtiyo qiimo leh. Regular review of your design with your peers can help spot unforeseen problems and keep your plan on track to stay within budget. Hubaal, khaladaadku waa lama huraan, laakiin haddii aad iyaga wax ka barato, waxaad soo hindisi kartaa badeecad weyn marka xigta.