An chéad chéim de PCB Is é an táirgeadh ná Leagan Amach PCB a eagrú agus a sheiceáil. Faigheann an gléasra monaraithe PCB na comhaid CAD ón gcuideachta dearaidh PCB. Ós rud é go bhfuil a fhormáid comhaid uathúil féin ag gach bogearraí CAD, athraíonn an gléasra PCB iad go formáid aontaithe – Gerber RS-274X Sínte nó Gerber X2. Then the engineer of the factory will check whether the PCB layout conforms to the production process, whether there are any defects and other problems.

I gceann de na PCBS baile, déantar leagan amach an PCB a phriontáil ar pháipéar ag úsáid printéir léasair agus ansin aistrítear é chuig bord cumhdaithe copair. Sa phróiseas priontála, áfach, toisc go bhfuil an printéir seans maith ar bhriseadhphointe easnamh dúch, is gá an dúch a líonadh de láimh le peann ola.

Tá méid beag táirgeachta breá, ach má aistrítear an locht seo chuig táirgeadh tionsclaíoch, laghdóidh sé éifeachtúlacht táirgeachta go mór. Therefore, the factory generally adopts the way of photocopying, printing the PCB layout on the film. If it is a multi-layer PCB, the layout of each layer will be arranged in order.

The film is then punched with counterpoint holes. Counterpoint holes are very important, and are then used to align materials on each layer of the PCB.

Táirgeadh croí-bhoird

Clean the copper clad plate, if dust may cause the final circuit short circuit or break.

The figure below is an illustration of an 8-layer PCB, which is actually made up of 3 copper-clad plates (core boards) plus 2 copper films and then glued together with semi-cured sheets. The production sequence starts from the core board (four or five layers of lines) in the middle, and is continuously stacked together before being fixed. Déantar an PCB 4-chiseal ar an gcaoi chéanna, ach gan ach croíphláta amháin agus dhá scannán copair ann.

Transfer of inner PCB layout

Therefore, the two-layer circuit of the most central Core plate should be made first. After the copper-clad plate is cleaned, the surface is covered with a photosensitive film. Daingníonn an scannán nuair a bhíonn sé nochtaithe don solas, agus é ag cruthú scannáin chosanta thar scragall copair an phláta cumhdaithe copair.

Insert two layers of PCB layout film and two layers of copper clad board, and finally insert the upper layer of PCB layout film to ensure that the upper and lower layers of PCB layout film stacking position is accurate.

Úsáideann Photosensitizer lampa UV chun an scannán fótaisintéiseach ar scragall copair a ionradaíocht. Déantar an scannán fótaisintéiseach a dhaingniú faoin scannán trédhearcach, agus ní dhéantar an scannán fótaisintéiseach a sholadú faoin scannán teimhneach. The copper foil covered by solidified photosensitive film is the PCB layout line needed, equivalent to the role of laser printer ink of manual PCB. I leagan amach páipéir PCB an chlódóra léasair roimhe seo, bhí an tonóir dubh clúdaithe le scragall copair le coinneáil. In this case, the copper foil covered with black film will corrode away, while the transparent film will be preserved as the photosensitive film solidifies.

Ansin nitear an scannán neamhurraithe le lye agus clúdaítear an ciorcad scragall copair riachtanach leis an scannán leigheasta.

Inner core board etching

The unwanted copper foil is then etched away with a strong base, such as NaOH.

Déan an scannán fótaisintéiseach leigheasta a chuimilt chun an scragall copair a theastaíonn do chiorcad leagan amach PCB a nochtadh.

Druileáil agus iniúchadh croíphláta

Rinneadh an croíphláta go rathúil. Then make the opposite hole in the core plate for easy alignment with other raw materials.

Nuair a bhíonn an croíchlár brúite le sraitheanna eile de PCB, ní féidir é a mhodhnú, mar sin tá sé an-tábhachtach a sheiceáil. Déanfaidh an meaisín comparáid uathoibríoch le líníochtaí leagan amach PCB chun earráidí a sheiceáil.

Tá an chéad dá shraith de bhoird PCB déanta

lannaithe

Teastaíonn amhábhar nua uainn ar a dtugtar bileog leath-leigheasta (Prepreg), arb é an croíchlár agus an croíchlár (uimhir chiseal PCB & GT; 4), agus an ghreamaitheach idir an croíphláta agus an scragall copair seachtrach, ach tá ról aige freisin san insliú.

The lower layer of copper foil and two layers of semi-solidified sheet have been in advance through the positioning hole and the lower iron plate fixed position, and then the good core plate is also put into the positioning hole, and finally in turn two layers of semi-solidified sheet, a layer of copper foil and a layer of pressure aluminum plate covered on the core plate.

In order to improve work efficiency, the factory will stack three different PCB boards together and then fix them. The upper iron plate is magnetically attracted to facilitate counterpoint with the lower iron plate. Through the placement of the counterpoint needle, the two layers of iron plate counterpoint successfully, the machine as far as possible to compress the space between the iron plate, and then fixed with nails.

PCB board clamped by iron plate is placed on the support, and then into the vacuum hot press for lamination. The heat in the vacuum hot press melts the epoxy resin in the semi-cured sheet, holding the core and copper foil together under pressure.

After laminating, remove the top iron plate that presses the PCB. Ansin baintear an pláta brú alúmanaim. Tá ról ag an pláta alúmanaim freisin maidir le PCBS éagsúla a aonrú agus an scragall copair mín a chinntiú ar chiseal seachtrach THE PCB. Tá an dá thaobh den PCB clúdaithe le sraith de scragall copair mín.

druileáil

Conas a nascann tú na ceithre shraith neamh-theagmhálacha de scragall copair le chéile i PCB? Déantar an PCB a dhruileáil trí phoill ar dtús, ansin a mhiotalaithe chun leictreachas a sheoladh.

Úsáidtear an meaisín druileála X-gha chun croíchlár na sraithe istigh a aimsiú. Déanfaidh an meaisín suíomh an phoill a aimsiú agus a aimsiú go huathoibríoch ar an gclár croí, agus ansin poill suiteála a dhéanamh don PCB lena chinntiú go ndéantar an druileáil seo a leanas trí lár shuíomh an phoill.

Place a sheet of aluminum on the punch machine and then place the PCB on top. Toisc gur próiseas réasúnta mall é an druileáil, d’fhonn éifeachtúlacht a fheabhsú, déanfar 1 go 3 chlár PCB chomhionanna a chruachadh le chéile le haghaidh bréifnithe de réir líon na sraitheanna PCB. Faoi dheireadh, tá an PCB barr clúdaithe le sraith alúmanaim, na sraitheanna barr agus bun alúmanaim ionas nach mbeidh an scragall copair ar an PCB ag cuimilt nuair a bheidh an druil ag druileáil isteach agus amach.

The operator then only needs to select the correct drilling procedure and the drilling machine does the rest automatically. Tá an giotán druileála tiomáinte ag brú aeir, le rothlú uasta 150,000 réabhlóid in aghaidh an nóiméid, atá ard go leor chun balla réidh poll a chinntiú.

Déanann an meaisín athsholáthar an ghiotáin druileála go huathoibríoch freisin de réir an chláir. The smallest drill can be 100 microns in diameter, while a human hair is 150 microns in diameter.

Sa phróiseas lannaithe roimhe seo, easbhrúiteadh an eapocsa leáite chuig an taobh amuigh den PCB, mar sin ba ghá é a bhaint. Gearrann an meaisín muilleoireachta bás imeall an PCB de réir na gcomhordanáidí XY cearta.

Deascadh ceimiceach copair ar bhalla pore

Since almost all PCB designs use perforations to connect different layers of lines, a good connection requires a 25 micron copper film on the hole wall. This thickness of copper film is achieved by electroplating, but the hole wall is made of non-conductive epoxy resin and fiberglass board. Dá bhrí sin, is é an chéad chéim ciseal d’ábhar seoltaí a charnadh ar bhalla an phoill, agus scannán copair 1-micron a fhoirmiú ar dhromchla iomlán an PCB, lena n-áirítear balla an phoill, trí thaisceadh ceimiceach. Tá an próiseas iomlán, mar chóireáil agus glanadh ceimiceach, á rialú ag meaisíní.

PCB seasta

Glan an PCB

Delivery of PCB

Chemical precipitation of copper film

Transfer the layout of the outer PCB

Next, the layout of the outer PCB will be transferred to the copper foil. The process is similar to that of the PCB layout of the inner core board, which is transferred to the copper foil using photocopied film and photosensitive film. The only difference is that the positive plate will be used as the board.

The transfer of inner PCB layout introduced above adopts the subtraction method and adopts the negative plate as the board. PCB covered by solidified photosensitive film is circuit, clean the unsolidified photosensitive film, exposed copper foil is etched, PCB layout circuit is protected by solidified photosensitive film. The outer PCB layout is transferred by the normal method, and the positive plate is used as the board. The area covered by a cured film on a PCB is a non – line area. After cleaning the uncured film, electroplating is carried out. Níl aon scannán is féidir a leictreaphlátáil, agus níl aon scannán ann, an chéad chopar agus ansin plating stáin. Tar éis an scannán a bhaint, déantar eitseáil alcaileach, agus sa deireadh baintear stáin. The circuit pattern is left on the board because it is protected by tin.

Clean both sides of the copper foil PCB into the press, the press will be sensitive to the copper foil mold pressing.

Deisigh an scannán leagan amach PCB de na sraitheanna uachtaracha agus íochtaracha de fhótachóip tríd an bpoll suite, agus cuir an bord PCB sa lár. The photosensitive film under the transmittance film is then solidified by UV lamp irradiation, which is the line that needs to be preserved.

After cleaning the film that is not needed and has not been cured, inspect it.

Clampáil an PCB agus leictreaphlátáil an copar. Mar a luadh cheana, d’fhonn a chinntiú go bhfuil seoltacht leictreach maith ag an bpoll, caithfidh tiús 25 miocrón a bheith ag an scannán copair leictreaphlátáilte ar bhalla an phoill, mar sin déanfar an córas iomlán a rialú go huathoibríoch ag ríomhaire chun a chruinneas a chinntiú.

PCB seasta

Rialú ríomhaire agus copar leictreaphlátála

Tar éis an scannán copair a leictreaphlátáil, socraíonn an ríomhaire go ndéanfar sraith tanaí stáin a athsholáthar.

Tar éis an bord PCB plátáilte stáin a dhíluchtú, seiceáil le cinntiú go bhfuil tiús an chopair agus an stáinphlátála ceart.

Eitseáil seachtrach PCB

Ansin, comhlánaíonn líne cóimeála uathoibrithe iomlán an próiseas eitseála. Ar dtús, glan an scannán leigheasta ar chlár an PCB.

Úsáidtear alcaile láidir ansin chun scragall copair nach dteastaíonn uaidh a chumhdaítear a ghlanadh.

Ansin baintear an sciath stáin ar an scragall copair de leagan amach PCB le tuaslagán stiall stáin. After cleaning, 4 layers PCB layout is completed.