E Bipụtara Circuit Board (PCB), nke a makwaara dị ka Board Circuit Board (PCB), na -ejikọ ma rụọ ọrụ elektrọnik ma bụrụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ike Circuit. Isiokwu a ga -ewebata iwu ndị bụ isi nke nhazi PCB na wiring.

Zụlite iwu ndị bụ isi nke nhazi bọọdụ PCB na wiring

Basic rules of component layout

1. According to the layout of circuit modules, the related circuit to achieve the same function is called a module, the components in the circuit module should adopt the principle of nearby concentration, and the digital circuit and analog circuit should be separated;

2. Akụkụ, ngwaọrụ na kposara agaghị arụnyere n’ime 3.5mm (maka M2.5) na 4mm (maka M3) gburugburu oghere ndị na-anaghị arị elu dị ka oghere oghere na oghere ọkọlọtọ n’ime 1.27mm;

3. Horizontal resistance, inductor (plug-in), electrolytic capacitor and other components under the cloth hole, so as to avoid the wave soldering hole and component shell short circuit;

4. Akụkụ mpụta nke ihe ahụ dị 5mm site na nsọtụ efere ahụ;

5. Ebe dị anya n’etiti akụkụ dị n’èzí nke mpempe akwụkwọ na-ebuli elu na akụkụ dị n’akụkụ nke ntinye ntinye dị n’akụkụ bụ karịa 2mm;

6. Ngwakọta ihe eji eme ọla na akụkụ igwe (igbe mkpuchi, wdg) enweghị ike imetụ ihe ndị ọzọ aka, enweghị ike ịdị nso n’ahịrị ebipụtara, pad, oghere kwesịrị ịdị ukwuu karịa 2mm. The size of positioning holes, fastener mounting holes, elliptic holes and other square holes in the plate is greater than 3mm from the plate side;

7. Ihe na -ekpo ọkụ ekwesịghị ịdị nso na wires na ihe ọkụ; Ekwesịrị kesaa ngwaọrụ ndị dị elu ọkụ n’otu n’otu;

8. Ekwesịrị ịhazi oghere ike gburugburu bọọdụ a na-ebipụta ka o kwere mee, na eriri wiring nke oghere ike na busbar ejikọrọ na ya kwesịrị ịhazi n’otu akụkụ. Karịsịa, etinyela oghere ike na njikọ ịgbado ọkụ ndị ọzọ n’etiti njikọ iji kwado ịgbado ọkụ nke oghere ndị a na njikọ na imewe na wiring nke eriri ọkụ. Ekwesịrị ịtụle oghere nke sọks ike na njikọta ịgbado ọkụ iji mee ka ntinye na mwepụ nke plọg ike dị mfe;

9. Nhazi nke ihe ndị ọzọ:

All IC components should be aligned unilaterally, and polarity marks of polar components should be clear. Polarity marks on the same printed board should not be more than two directions. When two directions appear, the two directions should be perpendicular to each other.

10, the surface wiring should be properly dense, when the density difference is too large should be filled with mesh copper foil, the grid is greater than 8mil (or 0.2mm);

11, the patch pad can not have through holes, so as to avoid the loss of solder paste resulting in virtual welding components. A naghị ekwe ka ahịrị mgbaàmà dị mkpa gafere n’ụkwụ oghere;

12, kwachie nhazi otu akụkụ, ntụzịaka agwa na -agbanwe agbanwe, ntụzịaka na -agbanwe agbanwe;

13. Ekwesịrị ka akara ngwaọrụ polar n’otu ụzọ dị ka o kwere mee n’otu osisi.

Abụọ, akụrụngwa wiring iwu

1. Dọta mpaghara wiring n’ime mpaghara ≤1mm site na nsọtụ bọọdụ PCB, yana n’ime 1mm gburugburu oghere na -arịgo, ma machibido wiring;

2. ahịrị ike ka obosara ka o kwere mee, ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe na -erughị 18mil; Ogologo akara ngosi ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe na-erughị 12mil; CPU incoming and outgoing lines should not be less than 10mil (or 8mil); Ntanetị ahịrị erughị 10mil;

3. Oghere nkịtị anaghị erughị 30mil;

4. Ugboro abụọ akara ntinye: pad 60mil, oghere 40mil;

1/4W mgbochi: 51 * 55mil (0805 mpempe akwụkwọ); Ntinye mpempe akwụkwọ ozugbo 62mil, oghere 42mil;

Onye na-enweghị polar capacitor: 51*55mil (0805 mpempe akwụkwọ); Ntinye mpempe akwụkwọ ozugbo 50mil, oghere 28mil;

5. Rịba ama na eriri ike na eriri ala kwesịrị ịdị ka radial ka o kwere mee, na eriri mgbaama ekwesịghị ịtọghe.

Kedu otu esi emeziwanye ikike mgbochi mgbochi na ndakọrịta electromagnetic?

Kedu otu esi emeziwanye mgbochi mgbochi na ndakọrịta elektrọnik mgbe ị na-emepụta ngwaahịa elektrọnik na processor?

1. Ụfọdụ sistemụ ndị a kwesịrị ị attentiona ntị nke ọma na nnyonye anya mgbochi ọkụ:

(1) ugboro elekere microcontroller dị elu nke ukwuu, okirikiri ụgbọ ala bụ sistemụ ngwa ngwa.

(2) sistemụ nwere ike ịkwọ ụgbọ ala dị elu, dị ka ọkụ na-ewepụta relay, mgba ọkụ dị ugbu a, wdg.

(3) sistemụ nwere sekit mgbaàmà analog na -adịghị ike yana sekit ntụgharị A/D dị elu.

2. A na-eme ihe ndị a iji bulie ikike nnyonye aka nke sistem:

(1) Họrọ microcontroller nwere obere oge:

Igwe njikwa microcontroller na obere oge elekere mpụga nwere ike belata mkpọtụ nke ọma ma melite ikike mgbochi nnyonye anya nke sistemụ. Ebili mmiri na ebili mmiri nwere otu ugboro, ihe na -eme ugboro ugboro nke ebili mmiri square karịrị ife efe. Ọ bụ ezie na njupụta nke akụkụ dị elu nke ikuku square dị ntakịrị karịa nke isi ebili mmiri, ka ọ na-adịwanye elu, ọ na-adị mfe ịmalite ma ghọọ ụda ụda. Ụda ụda dị elu kacha emetụta nke microcontroller na-emepụta bụ ihe dịka ugboro atọ nke ugboro elekere.

(2) Belata mgbagha na nnyefe mgbaàmà

A na-arụpụta microcontrollers site na teknụzụ CMOS dị elu dị elu. Static input current signal input at about 1 ma, around ten pf in the input capacitance, high input impedance, high speed CMOS circuit outputs are fairly on load capacity, namely the considerable output value, the output end of a door through a very long lead to the high input, the input impedance reflection problem is very serious, it will cause the signal distortion, Dịkwuo mkpọtụ usoro. Mgbe Tpd “Tr”, ọ na -aghọ nsogbu ahịrị nnyefe, ga -echebara echiche mgbaama, mmekorita impedance na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Oge igbu oge nke mgbaama dị na bọọdụ e biri ebi nwere njikọ na njiri mara nke ndu, ya bụ, na -agbanwe agbanwe nke ihe mbadamba osisi ebipụtara. Enwere ike ịtụle akara iji mee njem n’etiti 1/3 na 1/2 ọsọ ọkụ karịa PCB. Tr (oge igbu oge) nke ihe ekwentị ezi uche dị na ya nke a na -ejikarị na sistemụ mejupụtara microcontrollers dị n’etiti 3 na 18ns.

Na bọọdụ sekit ebipụtara, mgbama ahụ na-agafere onye na-eguzogide 7W na idu 25cm, na-egbu oge n’ịntanetị dị ihe dị ka 4 ruo 20ns. That is to say, the signal on the printed line lead as short as possible, the longest should not exceed 25cm. Na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oghere kwesịrị ịdị ntakịrị ka o kwere mee, ọkacha mma ọ bụghị ihe karịrị 2.

Mgbe oge ịrị elu mgbaama na -adị ngwa karịa oge igbu oge mgbaama, a na -etinye ngwa eletrọniki ngwa ngwa. N’oge a, a ga-atụle nkwekọ impedance nke eriri nnyefe. Maka mgbasa ozi n’etiti blọk agbakwunyere na bọọdụ sekit PRINTED, ekwesịrị izere Td Trd. Ka ibu bọọdụ sekit e biri ebi, ngwa ngwa sistemụ enweghị ike ịdị oke ọsọ.