Igbimọ Circuit Ti a tẹjade (PCB), tun mo bi Printed Circuit Board (PCB), ti wa ni lo lati sopọ ki o si ṣiṣẹ itanna irinše ati ki o jẹ ẹya pataki ara ti agbara Circuit oniru. Nkan yii yoo ṣafihan awọn ofin ipilẹ ti ipilẹ PCB ati wiwọ.

Ṣe alaye awọn ofin ipilẹ ti ipilẹ igbimọ PCB ati wiwa

Basic rules of component layout

1. According to the layout of circuit modules, the related circuit to achieve the same function is called a module, the components in the circuit module should adopt the principle of nearby concentration, and the digital circuit and analog circuit should be separated;

2. Awọn ohun elo, awọn ẹrọ ati awọn skru ko ni fi sori ẹrọ laarin 3.5mm (fun M2.5) ati 4mm (fun M3) ni ayika awọn iho ti kii ṣe iṣagbesori gẹgẹbi awọn ipo ipo ati awọn ihò boṣewa laarin 1.27mm;

3. Horizontal resistance, inductor (plug-in), electrolytic capacitor and other components under the cloth hole, so as to avoid the wave soldering hole and component shell short circuit;

4. Apa ita ti paati jẹ 5mm kuro lati eti ti awo naa;

5. Awọn aaye laarin awọn lode ẹgbẹ ti awọn paadi ti iṣagbesori ano ati awọn lode apa ti awọn nitosi fifi ano jẹ tobi ju 2mm;

6. Awọn ohun elo ikarahun irin ati awọn ẹya irin (awọn apoti idabobo, bbl) ko le fi ọwọ kan awọn irinše miiran, ko le sunmọ laini ti a tẹjade, paadi, aaye yẹ ki o tobi ju 2mm lọ. The size of positioning holes, fastener mounting holes, elliptic holes and other square holes in the plate is greater than 3mm from the plate side;

7. Awọn eroja alapapo ko yẹ ki o sunmọ awọn okun waya ati awọn eroja ti o gbona; Awọn ẹrọ gbigbona giga yẹ ki o pin kaakiri;

8. Agbara iho yẹ ki o wa ni idayatọ ni ayika awọn tejede ọkọ bi jina bi o ti ṣee, ati awọn onirin ebute oko ti awọn agbara iho ati awọn busbar ti sopọ si o yẹ ki o wa ni idayatọ lori kanna ẹgbẹ. Ni pato, maṣe gbe awọn iho agbara ati awọn asopọ alurinmorin miiran laarin awọn asopọ lati dẹrọ awọn alurinmorin ti awọn sockets ati awọn asopọ ati awọn apẹrẹ ati sisọ awọn okun agbara. Awọn aaye ti awọn iho agbara ati awọn asopọ alurinmorin yẹ ki o gbero lati dẹrọ fifi sii ati yiyọ awọn pilogi agbara;

9. Ifilelẹ ti awọn paati miiran:

All IC components should be aligned unilaterally, and polarity marks of polar components should be clear. Polarity marks on the same printed board should not be more than two directions. When two directions appear, the two directions should be perpendicular to each other.

10, the surface wiring should be properly dense, when the density difference is too large should be filled with mesh copper foil, the grid is greater than 8mil (or 0.2mm);

11, the patch pad can not have through holes, so as to avoid the loss of solder paste resulting in virtual welding components. Laini ifihan agbara pataki ko gba laaye lati kọja nipasẹ ẹsẹ iho;

12, patch titete ọkan, itọsọna ihuwasi deede, itọsọna iṣakojọpọ deede;

13. Awọn ẹrọ pola yẹ ki o samisi ni itọsọna kanna bi o ti ṣee ṣe lori igbimọ kanna.

Meji, awọn ofin wiwọ paati

1. Fa agbegbe wiwa laarin agbegbe ≤1mm lati eti igbimọ PCB, ati laarin 1mm ni ayika iho iṣagbesori, ati idinamọ wiwi;

2. Laini agbara bi gbooro bi o ti ṣee, ko yẹ ki o kere ju 18mil; Iwọn ila ifihan ko yẹ ki o kere ju 12mil; CPU incoming and outgoing lines should not be less than 10mil (or 8mil); Aaye laini ko kere ju milimita 10;

3. Awọn deede iho ni ko kere ju 30mil;

4. Fi sii laini meji: pad 60mil, iho 40mil;

1/4W resistance: 51 * 55mil (0805 dì); Paadi ifibọ taara 62mil, iho 42mil;

Ti kii-pola kapasito: 51 * 55mil (0805 dì); Paadi ifibọ taara 50mil, iho 28mil;

5. Ṣe akiyesi pe awọn kebulu agbara ati awọn kebulu ilẹ yẹ ki o jẹ radial bi o ti ṣee ṣe, ati awọn kebulu ifihan ko yẹ ki o wa ni looped.

Bawo ni lati ṣe ilọsiwaju agbara kikọlu ati ibaramu itanna?

Bii o ṣe le ni ilọsiwaju agbara kikọlu-kikọlu ati ibaramu itanna nigba idagbasoke awọn ọja itanna pẹlu ero isise?

1. Diẹ ninu awọn ọna ṣiṣe wọnyi yẹ ki o san akiyesi pataki si kikọlu eleto-itanna:

(1) microcontroller aago igbohunsafẹfẹ jẹ paapa ga, akero ọmọ jẹ paapa sare eto.

(2) Eto naa ni agbara giga, Circuit awakọ lọwọlọwọ, gẹgẹ bi sipaki ti o npese itusilẹ, yipada lọwọlọwọ lọwọlọwọ, abbl.

(3) eto pẹlu alailagbara afọwọṣe ifihan agbara Circuit ati ki o ga konge A / D iyipada Circuit.

2. Awọn ọna wọnyi ni a mu lati mu agbara kikọlu-itanna-itanna ti eto naa pọ si:

(1) Yan microcontroller pẹlu igbohunsafẹfẹ kekere:

Awọn microcontroller pẹlu kekere ita aago igbohunsafẹfẹ le fe ni din ariwo ati ki o mu awọn egboogi-kikọlu agbara ti awọn eto. Igbi onigun mẹrin ati igbi ese pẹlu igbohunsafẹfẹ kanna, paati igbohunsafẹfẹ giga ti igbi square jẹ pupọ diẹ sii ju igbi ese lọ. Botilẹjẹpe titobi ti paati igbohunsafẹfẹ giga ti igbi onigun mẹrin kere ju ti igbi ipilẹ lọ, ipo igbohunsafẹfẹ ti o ga julọ, o rọrun lati jẹjade ati di orisun ariwo. Ariwo igbohunsafẹfẹ giga julọ ti o ni ipa julọ ti a ṣe nipasẹ microcontroller jẹ nipa awọn akoko 3 ti igbohunsafẹfẹ aago.

(2) Din ipalọlọ ni gbigbe ifihan agbara

Microcontrollers ti wa ni o kun ti ṣelọpọ nipasẹ ga-iyara CMOS ọna ẹrọ. Static input current signal input at about 1 ma, around ten pf in the input capacitance, high input impedance, high speed CMOS circuit outputs are fairly on load capacity, namely the considerable output value, the output end of a door through a very long lead to the high input, the input impedance reflection problem is very serious, it will cause the signal distortion, Mu ariwo eto pọ si. Nigbati Tpd “Tr”, o di iṣoro laini gbigbe, gbọdọ ṣe akiyesi ifarahan ifihan agbara, ibaamu impedance ati bẹbẹ lọ.

Akoko idaduro ti ifihan agbara lori igbimọ ti a tẹjade jẹ ibatan si aiṣedeede abuda ti asiwaju, eyini ni, si dielectric ibakan ti awọn ohun elo igbimọ ti a tẹjade. Awọn ifihan agbara le ṣe akiyesi ni aijọju lati rin irin-ajo laarin 1/3 ati 1/2 iyara ina lori awọn itọsọna PCB. Tr (akoko idaduro boṣewa) ti awọn eroja tẹlifoonu kannaa ti a lo nigbagbogbo ninu awọn ọna ṣiṣe ti microcontrollers wa laarin 3 ati 18ns.

Lori igbimọ iyika ti a tẹjade, ifihan agbara naa kọja nipasẹ resistor 7W ati asiwaju 25cm kan, pẹlu idaduro lori laini ti isunmọ 4 si 20ns. That is to say, the signal on the printed line lead as short as possible, the longest should not exceed 25cm. Ati nọmba awọn iho yẹ ki o jẹ diẹ bi o ti ṣee, pelu ko ju 2 lọ.

Nigbati akoko dide ifihan agbara yiyara ju akoko idaduro ifihan, a lo itanna ni iyara. Ni aaye yii, ibaamu impedance ti laini gbigbe yẹ ki o gbero. Fun gbigbe ifihan agbara laarin awọn bulọọki iṣọpọ lori igbimọ Circuit PRINTED, Td Trd yẹ ki o yago fun. Ti o tobi ni tejede Circuit ọkọ, awọn yiyara awọn eto ko le wa ni ju sare.