Eyokuqala, isingeniso

Ngokuvela kwemikhiqizo yesekethe ehlanganisiwe emikhulu, ukufakwa nokuhlolwa kwe- PCB sekubaluleke ngokwengeziwe. The general test of printed circuit board is the traditional test technology of PCB industry.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuqala bokuhlolwa kukagesi busukela emuva ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1970 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1980. Njengoba izingxenye ngaleso sikhathi zonke iphakethe elijwayelekile (i-Pitch 100mil) ne-PCB kuphela zazine-THT (through-hole technology technology level), abakhiqizi bemishini yokuhlola baseYurophu nabaseMelika baklama umshini wokuhlola wegridi ojwayelekile. Uma nje izingxenye nezintambo ku-PCB zihlelwe ngokuya ngebanga elijwayelekile, iphuzu ngalinye lokuhlola lizowela endaweni ejwayelekile yegridi, ngoba yonke i-PCBS ingasetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi, ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi umshini wokuhlola wendawo yonke.

, ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwezakhi zobuchwepheshe bokupakisha be-semiconductor ziqala ukuba nephakeji elincane ne-SMT (SMT) encapsulation, ukuminyana kokulinganisa okujwayelekile kwaqala ukungasasebenzi, kwathi maphakathi namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye – thina nabakhiqizi baseYurophu nathi sethula okuphindwe kabili umshini wokuhlola ukuminyana, kuhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa komshini othize wensimbi wokukhiqiza igridi yokuxhuma nomshini wokuguqula amaphuzu wokuhlola we-PCB, Ngokuvuthwa kancane kancane kwenqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HDI, ukuminyana kabili kokuhlolwa kwendawo yonke akukwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zokuhlolwa, ngakho-ke cishe ngo-2000, Abakhiqizi bemishini yokuhlola baseYurophu baqala umshini wokuhlola wegridi yokuxinana ophindwe kane.

Okwesibili, ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokuhlolwa okujwayelekile

1. Ishintsha into

To meet the test requirements of most HDI PCBS, the test area must be large enough, usually with the following standard sizes: 9.6 × 12.8 (intshi), 16 × 12.8 (intshi), 24 × 19.2 (intshi), esimweni sokuminyana okuphindwe kabili kweGridi ephelele, amaphuzu okuhlola amasayizi amathathu angenhla ngokulandelana angama-49512, 81920, 184320, inani le-elektroniki izingxenye zifinyelela kumakhulu ezinkulungwane, Ukushintsha into kuyingxenye esemqoka yokuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesivivinyo, futhi kuyadingeka ukumelana nengcindezi ephezulu (& GT; 300V), ukuvuza okuphansi nezinye izakhiwo, nezinto zikagesi ezifana nenani lokumelana kufanele zilinganiswe futhi zingaguquguquki, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwezinto kufanele ludlule ekuhlolweni nasekuboneni okuqinile, imvamisa ngama-transistors noma amashubhu womphumela wensimu njengezinto ezishintshayo

Advantages and disadvantages of crystal triode:

Izinzuzo: izindleko eziphansi, amandla okuwohloka okuqinile we-antistatic, ukuqina okuphezulu;

Disadvantages: current drive, complex circuit, need to isolate base current (Ib) influence, high power consumption

Izinzuzo nobubi be-FETS:

Izinzuzo: ukuqhutshwa kwamandla kagesi, isifunda esilula, esingathinteki yi-base current (Ib), ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi

Okumbi: izindleko eziphezulu, ukuwohloka kwe-electrostatic kalula, zidinga ukwengeza izinyathelo zokuvikela i-electrostatic, ukuzinza akuphakeme, ngakho-ke kuzokhuphula izindleko zesondlo.

2. Independence of grid points

IGridi ephelele

Igridi ngayinye ine-switch switch ezimele, okungukuthi, iphoyinti ngalinye lithatha iqembu lezinto eziguqukayo nolayini, indawo yonke yokuhlola ingaba izikhathi ezine zenaliti.

Yabelana ngeGridi

Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinto ezishintshayo kwiGridi ephelele nobunzima besifunda, kunzima ukukuqaphela, ngakho-ke abanye abenzi bokuhlola basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokwabelana ngeGridi ukwenza amaphuzu amaningi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene Yabelana ngeqembu lezinto zokushintsha namasekethe, ukuze ukunciphisa ubunzima bezintambo nenani lezinto ezishintshayo, elibizwa nge-Share Grid. Okunye ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwamagridi okwabelwana ngawo ukuthi uma amaphuzu asendaweni ahlaliswe ngokuphelele, amaphuzu asendaweni eyabiwe ngeke esasetshenziswa, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukuminyana kwendawo kube ukuminyana okukodwa. Ngakho-ke, kusenobunzima be-bottleneck ekuhlolweni kwe-HDI endaweni enkulu.

3. Ukwakheka kwezakhiwo

Ukwakhiwa Modular

Yonke imishini yokushintsha, izingxenye zokushayela nezingxenye zokulawula kuhlanganiswe kakhulu kusethi yamamojula wamakhadi wokushintsha, indawo yokuhlola ingahlanganiswa ngokukhululekile yimodyuli, futhi ingashintshana, isilinganiso sokuhluleka okuphansi, ukugcinwa okulula nokuthuthuka, kepha kubiza kakhulu.

Isakhiwo sesilonda

I-mesh yakhiwa inaliti yasentwasahlobo yensimbi nekhadi lokuhlukanisa, elinomthamo omkhulu futhi elingenayo indawo yokuthuthuka, futhi kunzima ukuligcina uma kwehluleka.

4. Ukwakheka lwemidlalo

Isakhiwo sesinaliti eside

Ngokuvamile kubhekiswa enalithini yensimbi engu-3.75 ″ (95.25mm) yesakhiwo semidlalo, inzuzo yethambeka elikhulu lenaliti, indawo yeyunithi ingahlakazeka amaphuzu enaliti kunesakhiwo senaliti esifushane ngaphezulu kuka-20% ~ 30%. Kepha amandla wesakhiwo ayampofu, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini kufanele kunake ukuqinisa.

Isakhiwo senaliti esifushane

Ngokuvamile kubhekiswa enalithini yensimbi ingu-2.0 ″ (50.8mm) isakhiwo sokulungisa, inzuzo yamandla wesakhiwo yinhle, kepha umthamo wenjobo mncane.

5. Isoftware esizayo (CAM)

Ukusekelwa okufanele kwe-CAM kubalulekile ekuhlolweni okuphezulu kwabantu futhi kuqukethe izinto ezimbili eziyinhloko:

Ukuhlaziywa kwenethiwekhi nokukhiqizwa kwamaphoyinti okuhlola;

Fixture umsizi ukukhiqizwa.

Njengomphumela wenqubo yokukhiqizwa kwemishini yamapharamitha amaningi (njengokuhlelwa kwesendlalelo somgodi, ukuvula imbobo, ibanga lomgodi wokuphepha, ukwakheka kwensika, njll.) Kuthinteka kakhulu umphumela wokuhlola umdlalo, le ngxenye kufanele inikezwe ukuqeqeshwa konjiniyela abanekhono, futhi hlala ufingqa isipiliyoni sakho, ukuze wenze umdlalo ongcono.

Three, double density and four density comparison

Okokuqala, singaqedela ukuminyana kwamabhodi okuxinana kabili angeke avivinye, intwasahlobo embhedeni ngoba ukuminyana kwenaliti kanye nobukhulu bephuzu lokuhlola kulungiselelwa ukuhlolwa kwe-PCB yensimbi ehlukile kufanele kube nomthambeka othile, vula igridi ongayisebenzisa ngaphandle kwigridi, insimbi ye-Angle, nokho, inqunyelwe isakhiwo, ayinakuba ngaphezulu ngokungapheli, Ngokuvamile, izinaliti zensimbi ephindeke kabili

I-slope (ibanga le-offset enezingqimba yenaliti yensimbi ku-fixture) ifinyelela ku-700mil, futhi ubukhulu obungu-400mil. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhiqizwe isimangaliso sokungakwazi ukutshala inaliti, zingaki izinaliti ezinjalo ezingabalwa.

Ngokungeziwe, ngokusobala kungathuthukisa ukuhlolwa emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa yezinga lamanga nokuqothuka, ubukhulu bobubanzi be-lattice ngamasentimitha ayisikwele angama-400, ubukhulu obuphindiwe ngamaphoyinti angama-200, amaphuzu afanayo asendaweni engezansi nenaliti anganciphisa uhhafu, ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa ukuminyana okune kunganciphisa i-Angle steel, isimbembembe ngaphansi kwesimo sokuphakama okufanayo, Umthambeko ofanayo nenaliti yokuhlolwa kovimba wepuleti eyisisekelo ngokuyisisekelo uhhafu wobuningi obuphindiwe, inaliti yensimbi ye-Angle ingaba nethonya elikhulu esivivinyweni, emthambekeni ibanga elime mpo liyancipha, ingcindezi yempini yasentwasahlobo izokwehla, futhi kufakwe ungqimba ngalunye insimbi ekuqondeni okuqondile kokumelana nokwenyuka, kuholele ensimbi embi ngaphambi kokuxhumana ne-PAD. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokubumba phezulu naphansi, ukuphela kwenaliti yensimbi ethambekele ekuxhumaneni ne-PCB kuzoba nesilayidi esihlobene ebusweni be-PAD. Uma amandla we-fixture engemuhle futhi ekhubazekile, inaliti yensimbi izobambeka kulolo hlelo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingcindezi yenaliti yensimbi ku-PAD izoba kude kakhulu kunamandla okunwebeka kwenaliti yombhede wenaliti yasentwasahlobo, okuzobangela ukuqaqeka ezimweni ezinzima. Umthambeka wenaliti yensimbi emincane ingaphansi kokuminyana kabili, kunesikhala esiningi sokufaka amakholomu osekelo kulolo hlelo, ukuze isakhiwo sesakhiwo sizinze kakhudlwana. Enye inzuzo yethambeka elincane ukuthi yehlisa usayizi wembobo, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise amathuba okuphuka kwemigodi.

Ukuze BGA nge PAD Isikhala 20mil ngokulinganayo basakaza, emthambekeni esiphezulu inaliti ukusakazeka kuyinto 600mil for double kwabantu test kanye 400mil for kwabantu kwabantu test. Inani lamaphoyinti angahlelwa ngokuhlolwa kokuminyana kabili ngu-441, cishe u-0.17inch2, no-896, cishe u-0.35inch2, ngokulandelana. Ngokuyinhloko ubukhulu obuphindiwe, ukusuka endaweni.