The substrate of the PCB itself is made of a material that is insulated and resistant to bending. The small circuit material that can be seen on the surface is copper foil. Originally, copper foil is covered on the whole PCB board, but the middle part is etched away in the manufacturing process, and the remaining part becomes a network of small circuits.

How to make a PCB Board

These lines are called conductors or wiring and are used to provide electrical connections between parts on the PCB. Usually the color of PCB board is green or brown, which is the color of solder resistance paint. A protective layer of insulation that protects the copper wire and prevents parts from being welded to the wrong place.

PCB manufacturing begins with a “substrate” made of Glass Epoxy or similar materials. The first step is to photomap the wiring between the parts by “printing” the line negatives of the designed PCB board onto the metal conductor by means of Subtractive transfer.

The trick is to spread a thin layer of copper foil over the entire surface and remove any excess. If you’re making a double-panel PCB, copper foil will cover both sides of the substrate. And want to do multilayer board to be able to do two double face plate with tailormade adhesive “press close” rise went.

Next, the drilling and plating required to plug in components can be carried out on the PCB board. After being drilled by the machine as required, the holes must be Plated inside (Plated through-hole Technology, PTH). After making metal treatment inside the hole, the internal lines of each layer can be connected to each other.

The holes must be cleared of debris before plating can begin. This is because the resin epoxy will produce some chemical changes after heating, and it will cover the internal PCB layer, so it should be removed first. Cleaning and plating are done in a chemical process. Next, you need to cover the outermost wiring with solder paint (solder ink) so that the wiring does not touch the plating part.

The various component labels are then printed on the circuit board to indicate the location of each part. It should not be covered on any wiring or gold finger, otherwise it may reduce the solderability or stability of the current connection. In addition, if there is a metal connection, the “finger” part is usually plated with gold to ensure a high quality current connection when inserted into the expansion slot.

Finally, there’s the test. To test PCB for short circuit or open circuit, optical or electronic test can be used. Optical tests use scans to find defects in layers, while electronic tests typically use a flyprobe to check all connections. Electronic testing is more accurate at finding short circuits or breaks, but optical testing can more easily detect problems with incorrect gaps between conductors.