Ƙarfin PCB da kansa an yi shi da kayan da ba su da rufi kuma suna iya jure lanƙwasawa. Ƙananan kayan kewayawa da za a iya gani a saman shi ne foil na jan karfe. Asali, an rufe murfin jan ƙarfe a kan dukkan allon PCB, amma ɓangaren tsakiyar ya ɓace a cikin tsarin kera, kuma ragowar ɓangaren ya zama cibiyar sadarwa na ƙananan da’irori.

Yadda ake yin Kwamitin PCB

Waɗannan layukan ana kiransu masu gudanarwa ko wayoyi kuma ana amfani da su don samar da haɗin wutar lantarki tsakanin sassan akan PCB. Yawanci launin allon PCB kore ne ko launin ruwan kasa, wanda shine launi na fenti juriya. Layer na kariya mai kariya wanda ke kare wayar tagulla kuma yana hana sassa daga waldawa zuwa wuri mara kyau.

Manufar PCB tana farawa da “substrate” da aka yi da Gilashin Gilashi ko makamancinsu. Mataki na farko shine ɗaukar taswirar wiring tsakanin sassan ta hanyar “buga” layin da aka ƙera na allon PCB ɗin da aka ƙera akan madubin ƙarfe ta hanyar Canja wurin Subtractive.

Dabarar ita ce a shimfiɗa siririn murfin jan ƙarfe a saman farfajiyar gaba ɗaya kuma a cire duk wani abin da ya wuce haddi. Idan kuna yin PCB-panel biyu, murfin jan karfe zai rufe bangarorin biyu na substrate. Kuma kuna son yin allon multilayer don samun damar yin farantin fuska biyu sau biyu tare da madaidaicin madaidaicin ” danna kusa ” tashi ya tafi.

Na gaba, hakowa da plating da ake buƙata don toshe abubuwan da aka gyara ana iya aiwatar da su akan allon PCB. Bayan na’ura ta hako shi kamar yadda ake buƙata, dole ne a sanya ramukan a ciki (Plated through-hole Technology, PTH). Bayan yin gyaran ƙarfe a cikin rami, ana iya haɗa layin ciki na kowane Layer zuwa juna.

Dole ne a share ramukan daga tarkace kafin fara plating. Wannan saboda resin epoxy zai haifar da wasu canje-canjen sinadarai bayan dumama, kuma zai rufe murfin PCB na ciki, don haka yakamata a fara cire shi. Ana yin tsaftacewa da plating a cikin tsarin sinadarai. Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar rufe mafi ƙarancin wayoyi tare da fenti mai siyar (tawada mai siyarwa) don kada wayoyi su taɓa ɓangaren plating.

Sannan ana buga lambobi daban-daban akan allon da’ira don nuna wurin kowane bangare. Bai kamata a rufe shi akan kowane wayoyi ko yatsa na zinari ba, in ba haka ba yana iya rage siyarwa ko kwanciyar hankali na haɗin yanzu. Bugu da ƙari, idan akwai haɗin ƙarfe, ɓangaren “yatsa” yawanci ana rufe shi da zinari don tabbatar da haɗin kai mai inganci lokacin da aka saka shi a cikin ramin fadadawa.

A ƙarshe, akwai gwajin. Don gwada PCB don gajeren kewaye ko buɗewa, ana iya amfani da gwajin gani ko gwajin lantarki. Gwaje -gwajen ido suna amfani da sikanin don nemo lahani a cikin yadudduka, yayin da gwajin lantarki galibi suna amfani da jirgin sama don bincika duk haɗin. Gwajin lantarki ya fi dacewa a gano gajerun da’irori ko fashewa, amma gwaji na gani zai iya sauƙaƙe gano matsaloli tare da rata tsakanin kuskure.