Zinto zini ezichaphazela iindleko ze PCB ukuvelisa? Esi sihloko sinomdla omkhulu kuye wonke umntu obandakanyekayo kushishino lwePCB. Ikwayenye yezona zihloko zikhankanywa rhoqo kwiingxelo zabathengi ezifunyanwa yi-NCAB. Kule kholamu, siza kujonga ngakumbi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezimisela iindleko ezinzima zokwenza i-PCB.

Ngokubanzi, i-80% ukuya kwi-90% yetotali ye-COST ye-PCB inyanzeliswe ikakhulu kwinxalenye ephezulu yokubonelela, ngaphambi kokuba umthengisi (isityalo se-EMS, umenzi we-PCB, njl. Njl.) Abone uyilo lokugqibela lwe-PCB. Singahlulahlula iindleko zokwenza i-PCB ngokwamanqanaba amabini abanzi- “izinto ezinzima” kunye “neendleko ezifihlakeleyo”.

Ngokubhekisele kwindleko enzima yokuvelisa i-PCB, kufuneka ibandakanye izinto ezithile ezisisiseko, ezinje ngobungakanani bePCB. Kuyaziwa ukuba ubukhulu bePCB bubukhulu, izinto ezingaphezulu ziyafuneka, oko ke kunyusa iindleko. Ukuba sisebenzisa ubungakanani beplate 2L yesayizi ye-2 × 2 ″ njengesiseko, emva koko ukwandisa ubungakanani ukuya kwi-4 × 4 ″ kuyonyusa indleko zezinto ezisisiseko ngento engu-4. Izidingo zezinto ezibonakalayo ayisiyiyo kuphela into kwi-X kunye ne-Y axes, kodwa nakwi-Z axis. Kungenxa yokuba ibhodi nganye engundoqo eyongezwe kulungiso ifuna izinto ezongezelelekileyo, kunye nokuphathwa kwezinto, ukuprinta kunye nokuchwetheza, ukuhlolwa kwe-AOI, ukucocwa kweekhemikhali kunye neendleko zeBrowning, ke ukongeza umaleko kunyusa iindleko zokugqibela zemveliso.

Kwangelo xesha, ukhetho lwezixhobo luya kuchaphazela iindleko, iindleko zamacwecwe aphambili (M4, M6, njl. Ngokubanzi, sicebisa ukuba abathengi bacacise iphepha elithile elinokukhetha “okanye izinto ezilinganayo”, ukuze umzi-mveliso ukwazi ukwaba ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ukufezekisa iimfuno zomthengi kwaye uphephe umjikelo wokuthengwa kwephepha elide.

Ubunzima be-PCB bukwachaphazela iindleko. Xa kusetyenziswa ii-multilaminates ezisemgangathweni kwaye kuyimfama, kungcwatywa, okanye kuyilo lwemingxunya engaboniyo kongezwa, iindleko ziya kunyuka. Iinjineli kufuneka zazi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesakhiwo semingxuma esingcwatyelweyo akonyusi kuphela umjikelo wokugrumba, kodwa kukonyusa nexesha loxinzelelo. Ukwenza imingxunya engaboniyo, ibhodi yesekethe kufuneka icinezelwe, igrunjwe kwaye ifakwe i-electroplated amaxesha amaninzi, okukhokelela kunyuko lweendleko zemveliso.

Enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele yipuzzle yejigsaw. Indlela yokuhlanganisa ibhodi iya kuchaphazela izinga lokusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli. Ukuba akukho mfuneko, kuya kubakho indawo eninzi kakhulu phakathi kwebhodi kunye nenkqubo yomphetho, eya kuthi ibangele inkunkuma yebhodi. Ngapha koko, ukunciphisa indawo phakathi kweebhodi kunye nobungakanani bomda wenkqubo kunokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwebhodi. Ukuba ibhodi yesekethe yenzelwe isikwere okanye uxande, v-cut nge “0” isithuba siya kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kweebhodi.

Isithuba somgca wobubanzi bomgca yenye yezinto ezichaphazela indleko. Ubuncinci bobubanzi bomgca kunye nomgama womgama, kokukhona kuphakama iimfuno zomthamo wenkqubo yefektri, kokukhona kunzima ngakumbi kwimveliso, kokukhona kuya kuvela ibhodi yenkunkuma. Ukuba uyilo lwebhodi yesekethe lude okanye lutshixiwe, ukubakho kokungaphumeleli kuyonyuka kwaye iindleko ziyonyuka.

Inani kunye nobungakanani bemingxunya ikwachaphazela iindleko. Imingxunya emincinci kakhulu okanye emininzi kakhulu inokunyusa indleko zebhodi yesekethe. Iibithi ezincinci zikwanazo neendawo ezincinci zokubeka, zinciphisa inani leebhodi zesekethe ezinokugrunjwa kumjikelo wokugrumba omnye. Ubude obufutshane be-bit’s grooves bukwanciphisa inani leebhodi zesekethe ezinokugrunjwa ngexesha elinye. Ngenxa yokuba oomatshini bokumba i-CNC bafuna imisebenzi emininzi, iindleko zabasebenzi nazo zinokunyuka. Ukongeza, umyinge wokuvula kufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo. Ukumba imingxunya encinci kwiipleyiti ezityebileyo kukonyusa iindleko kwaye kufuna amandla okuvelisa efektri.

Okokugqibela kweendleko ezinzima kukunyanga umphezulu wePCB. Ukugqitywa okukhethekileyo okunjengegolide elukhuni, igolide eshinyeneyo okanye i-nickel palladium kungongeza ezinye iindleko. Lilonke, ukhetho olwenzayo ngexesha lesigaba sokuyilwa kwePCB lunokuchaphazela iindleko zokugqibela zePCB. I-NCAB icebisa ukuba abathengisi be-PCB bathathe inxaxheba kuyilo lweemveliso kwangoko kangangoko ukuthintela inkcitho engeyomfuneko kamva.