Yiziphi izici ezithinta izindleko ze PCB ukukhiqiza? Lesi isihloko esinentshisekelo enkulu kuwo wonke umuntu obambe iqhaza embonini ye-PCB. Futhi kungesinye sezihloko ezikhulunywa kakhulu empendulweni yamakhasimende etholwa yi-NCAB. Kule kholamu, sizobhekisisa ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezinquma izindleko ezinzima zokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB.

Kukonke, ama-80% kuya kuma-90% we-COST ephelele ye-PCB empeleni agxilwe engxenyeni engenhla yokuphakelwa, ngaphambi kokuba umphakeli (isitshalo se-EMS, umenzi we-PCB, njll.) Abone ukwakheka kokugcina kwe-PCB. Singahlukanisa izici zezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB ngezigaba ezimbili ezibanzi – “izinto ezibiza kakhulu” kanye “nezici zezindleko ezifihliwe”.

Ngokuphathelene nezindleko ezinzima zokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB, kufanele ifake ezinye izindleko eziyisisekelo, njengosayizi we-PCB. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uma usayizi we-PCB umkhulu, kudingeka impahla ethe xaxa, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe izindleko. Uma sisebenzisa usayizi wepuleti ongu-2L ongu-2 × 2 ″ njengesisekelo, bese ukwandisa usayizi ube ngu-4 × 4 ″ kuzokhuphula izindleko zento eyisisekelo ngesilinganiso esingu-4. Izidingo zezinto ezibonakalayo azisona isici kuma-eksisi we-X no-Y kuphela, kodwa naku-eksisi ye-Z. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ibhodi ngalinye eliyinhloko elifakwe ku-lamination lidinga izinto ezengeziwe, kanye nokuphathwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuphrinta nokufaka ama-etching, ukuhlolwa kwe-AOI, ukuhlanzwa kwamakhemikhali nezindleko ze-Browning, ngakho-ke ukufaka izingqimba kukhuphula izindleko zomkhiqizo wokugcina.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha kuzothinta nezindleko, izindleko zamapuleti athuthukile (M4, M6, njll.) Ziphakeme kunezijwayelekile ze-FR4. Ngokuvamile, sincoma ukuthi amakhasimende acacise ishidi elithile elinokukhetha “noma izinto ezilinganayo”, ukuze ifektri ikwazi ukwaba ngokufanele ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zekhasimende futhi igweme umjikelezo wokuthengwa kwamashidi amade.

Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwe-PCB kuthinta nezindleko. Lapho kusetshenziswa ama-multilaminate ajwayelekile futhi kunezelwa izimpumputhe, zingcwatshwe, noma ziyizimbobo eziyimpumputhe, izindleko zizokwenyuka. Onjiniyela kudingeka bazi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo semigodi engcwatshiwe akugcini ngokwandisa umjikelezo wokubhola, kepha futhi kukhulisa nesikhathi sokucindezelwa. Ukuze wenze izimbobo ezingaboni, ibhodi lesifunda kufanele licindezelwe, libholwe futhi lifakwe ugesi kaningi, okuholela ekukhuleni kwezindleko zokukhiqiza.

Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele usicabangele yi-jigsaw puzzle. Indlela yokuhlanganisa ibhodi izothinta izinga lokusetshenziswa kwento leyo. Uma kungenasidingo, kuzoba nesikhala esiningi kakhulu phakathi kwebhodi nomngcele wenqubo, okuzodala ukumoshwa kwebhodi. Eqinisweni, ukunciphisa isikhala phakathi kwamabhodi nobukhulu bomphetho wenqubo kungathuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwebhodi. Uma ibhodi lesifunda lakhiwe njengesikwele noma unxande, i-v-cut enesikhala esingu- “0” izokhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamabhodi.

Isikhala somugqa wobubanzi bolayini futhi ngesinye sezici ezithinta izindleko. Ubuncane bobubanzi bomugqa nebanga lomugqa, lapho kuphakama izidingo zamandla enqubo yefektri, lapho umkhiqizo uba nzima kakhulu, maningi amathuba okuthi kubonakale ibhodi yemfucuza. Uma ukwakheka kwebhodi lesifunda kukude noma kukhiyiwe, amathuba okwehluleka akhuphuka nezindleko ziyenyuka.

Inani nosayizi wemigodi nakho kuthinta izindleko. Izimbobo ezincane kakhulu noma eziningi kakhulu zingakhuphula izindleko zebhodi lesifunda. Amabhithi amancane nawo anezikhala ezincane ze-chip, anciphisa inani lamabhodi wesifunda angabholwa kumjikelezo owodwa wokubhola. Ubude obufushane bezindawo zemijondolo babuye banciphise inani lamabhodi wesifunda angabholwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ngoba imishini ye-CNC yokubhola idinga imisebenzi eminingi, izindleko zabasebenzi nazo zingakhuphuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso sokuvula sidinga ukucatshangelwa. Ukubhola izimbobo ezincane emapuletini aminyene nakho kukhuphula izindleko futhi kudinga amandla okukhiqiza efektri.

Isici sokugcina sezindleko ezinzima ukwelashwa kwendawo ye-PCB. Ukuqedwa okukhethekile okufana negolide elinzima, igolide elijiyile noma i-nickel palladium kungangeza ezinye izindleko. Sekukonke, ukukhetha okwenzayo ngesikhathi sesigaba se-PCB kungathinta izindleko zokugcina ze-PCB. I-NCAB incoma ukuthi abahlinzeki be-PCB babambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo kusenesikhathi ukuvimbela ukumoshwa kwezindleko okungadingekile kamuva.