Chigoba chowotcherera, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chigoba chotsekera, ndi polima wocheperako yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito PCB bolodi kuletsa mafupa a solder kuti asapangitse milatho. Chigoba chowotcherera chimatetezanso makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndipo chimagwiranso ntchito pazitsulo zamkuwa pa bolodi la PCB.

Kodi PCB solder kukana mtundu chiyani? Chigoba chowotcherera cha PCB chimakhala ngati zokutira pachitetezo chazitsulo zamkuwa kuti muchepetse dzimbiri ndikutchingira solder kuti asapangitse milatho yomwe imabweretsa madera afupikitsa. Pali mitundu 4 yayikulu yamasamba owotcherera a PCB – epoxy madzi, madzi Photograble, yowuma kanema yojambulidwa, ndi masks apamwamba ndi apansi.

Mitundu inayi ya masks owotcherera

Masks owotcherera amasiyana pakupanga ndi zinthu. Momwe ndi chigoba chowotchera chomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chimadalira pakugwiritsa ntchito.

Chophimba pamwamba ndi pansi

Chigoba chapamwamba ndi Chapansi chowotcherera Akatswiri opanga zamagetsi nthawi zambiri amaigwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira mipata yazitsulo zotchinga zobiriwira. Mzerewo wawonjezeredwa ndi epoxy resin kapena ukadaulo wamafilimu. Zikhomo zamagawozo kenako zimalumikizidwa ku bolodi pogwiritsa ntchito kutsegula komwe kumalembetsedwa ndi chigoba.

Njira yotsatsira yomwe ili pamwamba pa bolodi la dera amatchedwa wotsatira wapamwamba. Mofananamo ndi chigoba chapamwamba, chigoba chakumunsi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumbuyo kwa bolodi.

Epoxy madzi solder chigoba

Ma respo a epoxy ndiye njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yoperekera kumaso. Epoxy ndi polima yemwe amasindikizidwa pazenera pa PCB. Screen yosindikiza ndi njira yosindikiza yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ukonde wansalu kuti igwirizane ndi mawonekedwe a inki. Gridiyo imalola kuzindikira malo otseguka osamutsira inki. Pamapeto pake, kuchiritsa kutentha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zamadzimadzi zojambula zojambula

Maski opanga zithunzi zamadzimadzi, omwe amadziwikanso kuti LPI, amakhala osakaniza zakumwa ziwiri zosiyana. Zida zamadzimadzi zimasakanizidwa musanagwiritse ntchito kuti zitsimikizireni kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwachuma kwambiri pamitundu inayi ya PCB yosakanikirana.

LPI itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza pazenera, kujambula pazenera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito utsi. Chigoba ndi chisakanizo cha zosungunulira zosiyanasiyana ndi ma polima. Zotsatira zake, zokutira zing’onozing’ono zimatha kutulutsidwa zomwe zimamamatira kumtunda kwa chandamale. Chigoba ichi chimapangidwira masks a soldering, koma PCB sikutanthauza zokutira zomaliza zomwe zimapezeka masiku ano.

Mosiyana ndi inki yakale ya epoxy, LPI imazindikira kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Gululi liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chigoba. Pakangotha ​​”kuchiritsa kozungulira”, gululi limakumana ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet pogwiritsa ntchito photolithography kapena laser ya ultraviolet.

Musanagwiritse ntchito chigoba, gululi liyenera kutsukidwa komanso lopanda okosijeni. Izi zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi mayankho apadera a mankhwala. Izi zitha kuchitidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito alumina solution kapena kupukuta mapanelo ndi mwala wopumira.

Njira imodzi yodziwika bwino yowonekera ku UV ndikugwiritsa ntchito osindikiza ndi zida zamafilimu. Masamba apamwamba ndi apansi a filimuyi amasindikizidwa ndi emulsion kuti aletse malowo kuti awotchere. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zomwe zili pa chosindikiza kuti mukonze mawonekedwe ndi kanema m’malo mwake. Mapanelowo nthawi yomweyo anali kuwululidwa ku gwero lowala la ULTRAVIOLET.

Njira ina imagwiritsa ntchito lasers kuti apange zithunzi zachindunji. Koma mwa njirayi, palibe kanema kapena zida zofunika chifukwa laser imayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro chazithunzi zamkuwa.

Maski a LPI amapezeka m’mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zobiriwira (matte kapena semi-gloss), zoyera, zamtambo, zofiira, zachikaso, zakuda, ndi zina zambiri. Makampani a LED ndi mapulogalamu a laser mumakampani opanga zamagetsi amalimbikitsa opanga ndi opanga kuti apange zida zoyera ndi zakuda zolimba.

Chithunzi chowuma cha zithunzi za solder

Chojambulira chojambula chojambulidwa cha kanema chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kupukutira zingwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kanemayo wouma kenako amawululidwa ndikukula. Kanemayo akangopangidwa, zotseguka zimakhala pabwino kutulutsa mawonekedwe. Pambuyo pake, chopangidwacho chimalumikizidwa pad pad. Mkuwawo amapakidwa pa bolodi loyendetsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yamagetsi.

Mkuwawo wagawanika mdzenjelo komanso m’deralo. Tin pamapeto pake tinkagwiritsa ntchito kuteteza mabwalo amkuwa. Pomaliza, nembanemba imachotsedwa ndipo chizindikirocho chimawululidwa. Njirayi imagwiritsanso ntchito kutentha kwa kutentha.

Masks owuma owotcherera amafilimu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama board akuluakulu. Zotsatira zake, sizitsanulira mu dzenje loboola. Izi ndi zina mwa zabwino zogwiritsa ntchito mask youma yowotcherera mask.

Kusankha chigoba chomwe ungagwiritse ntchito chimadalira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana – kuphatikiza kukula kwa PCB, ntchito yomaliza yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, mabowo, zida zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, oyendetsa, mawonekedwe apamwamba, ndi zina zambiri.

Makanema amakono a PCB amatha kupeza zithunzi zosakanikirana zosakanika. Chifukwa chake, ndi LPI kapena kanema wouma wotsutsa kanema. Kapangidwe kabungweli kakuthandizani kudziwa chisankho chanu chomaliza. Ngati mawonekedwe apamwamba sali yunifolomu, mask a LPI amakonda. Ngati kanema wouma wagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagawo osagwirizana, mpweya ukhoza kutsekedwa pamalo opangidwa pakati pa kanemayo ndi pamwamba. Chifukwa chake, LPI ndiyabwino apa.

Komabe, pali zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito LPI. Kukwanira kwake sikufanana. Muthanso kumaliza kumaliza pazosanjikiza, chilichonse chimakhala ndi ntchito yake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa solder kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, matte amatha kuchepetsa mipira ya solder.

Pangani masks a solder mumapangidwe anu

Kupanga filimu yotchinga solder mumapangidwe anu ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizike kuti ntchitoyo ili pamlingo woyenera. Mukakonza bolodi loyenda, chigoba chowotcherera chikuyenera kukhala ndi fayilo yake mu fayilo ya Gerber. Mwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito malire a 2mm mozungulira magwiridwe antchito ngati chigoba sichikhala chokhazikika. Muyeneranso kusiya 8mm yocheperako pakati pama pads kuti muwonetsetse kuti ma Bridges samapanga.

Makulidwe a chigoba chowotcherera

Makulidwe kuwotcherera chigoba kudzadalira makulidwe a kuda mkuwa pa bolodi. Mwambiri, chigoba cha 0.5mm chowotchera chimakonda kuphimba mizere yotsatirayi. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito maski amadzimadzi, muyenera kukhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Malo opanda kanthu okhala ndi laminate atha kukhala ndi makulidwe a 0.8-1.2mm, pomwe madera okhala ndi zovuta monga mawondo amakhala ndi zowonjezera (pafupifupi 0.3mm).

mapeto

Mwachidule, kapangidwe ka chigoba chowotchera chimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito. Imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popewa dzimbiri komanso ma Bridges, omwe angapangitse mayendedwe achidule. Chifukwa chake, chisankho chanu chiyenera kuganizira zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zatchulidwa munkhaniyi. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi ingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa bwino MTUNDU wa kanema wokana PCB. Ngati muli ndi mafunso, kapena mungafunike kuti mutitumizire, ndife okondwa kukuthandizani nthawi zonse.