Qib siab PCB feem ntau yog txhais ua 10 txheej – 20 txheej lossis ntau dua ntawm siab ntau txheej txheej pawg thawj coj saib. Nws nyuaj rau txheej txheem ntau dua li cov txheej txheem txheej txheej txheej ib txwm muaj, thiab nws qhov zoo thiab ntseeg tau xav tau yog siab. Nws feem ntau yog siv hauv cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus, cov neeg siv khoom siv siab, khoom siv kho mob, kev ya dav hlau, kev tswj hwm kev lag luam, tub rog thiab lwm yam haujlwm. Nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no, qhov xav tau ntawm kev lag luam siab hauv pawg thawj coj hauv kev sib txuas lus, chaw nres tsheb hauv paus, kev ya dav hlau, tub rog thiab lwm yam haujlwm tseem muaj zog, thiab nrog kev txhim kho sai ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov cuab yeej siv khoom lag luam kev lag luam, kev cia siab ntawm kev lag luam siab pawg thawj coj tau cog lus .
Tam sim no, kev tsim khoom loj ntawm qib siab PCB cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv Suav teb feem ntau yog los ntawm cov tuam txhab peev nyiaj txawv teb chaws lossis cov tuam txhab lag luam me. Kev tsim khoom ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas qib siab tsis yog tsuas yog xav tau kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab peev txheej ntau dua, tab sis tseem xav tau kev sau cov kev paub dhau los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev xa khoom ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas cov neeg txheej txheem cov txheej txheem nruj thiab nruj heev, yog li cov pawg thawj coj saib xyuas qib siab nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam nrog qib pib siab dua, thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam mus los ntev dua. Tus naj npawb nruab nrab ntawm txheej txheej PCB tau dhau los ua qhov ntsuas ntsuas tseem ceeb txhawm rau ntsuas cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom lag luam ntawm PCB cov tuam txhab. Daim ntawv no piav qhia luv luv piav qhia txog cov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas tau ntsib hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm qib siab Circuit Court board, thiab qhia txog cov ntsiab lus tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tseem ceeb ntawm qib siab Circuit Court board rau koj siv.
Ib, cov teeb meem tsim khoom loj
Piv nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub rooj sib tham, qib siab Circuit Court board muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv tuab tuab, ntau txheej, ntau kab tuab thiab qhov, qhov loj dua ntawm chav nyob, txheej nruab nrab thinner, thiab lwm yam, thiab sab hauv, inter -layer kawm tuab si lug, kev tiv thaiv impedance thiab kev ntseeg tau yuav tsum nruj dua.
1.1 Kev nyuaj ntawm kev sib koom ua ke sib cuam tshuam
Vim tias muaj coob tus txheej txheem txheej txheem txheej txheem siab, cov neeg siv khoom tsim kawg muaj ntau thiab nruj dua qhov xav tau ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm PCB txheej. Feem ntau, kev sib koom ua siab ntev ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg raug tswj kom ± 75μm. Xav txog qhov loj me ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm siab tsim qauv, qhov kub thiab txias nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov duab rhais chaw rhais chaw, thiab kev txav chaw tsis sib xws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas, hom kev tso nruab nrab ntawm txheej thiab lwm yam, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tswj hwm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm siab.
1.2 Cov teeb meem hauv kev tsim sab hauv
Lub rooj tsav xwm siab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb xws li TG siab, nrawm, siab zaus, tuab tooj liab, txheej txheej nruab nrab, thiab lwm yam, uas tso rau pem hauv ntej cov kev xav tau ntawm sab hauv tsim hluav taws xob thiab tswj cov duab loj, xws li kev ncaj ncees ntawm kev cuam tshuam teeb liab kis, uas nce qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob sab hauv. Kab dav kab kab nrug deb me me, qhib luv luv Circuit Court nce, micro luv nce, tus nqi qis dua; Muaj ntau lub teeb liab txheej nyob rau hauv kab tuab, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm AOI ploj mus nrhiav tau hauv txheej txheej sab hauv. Lub thickness ntawm cov tub ntxhais sab hauv phaj yog nyias, yooj yim quav uas ua rau tsis zoo, yooj yim rau yob phaj thaum kos; Feem ntau ntawm cov rooj zaum siab yog cov laug cam, thiab chav loj yog loj, yog li tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tiav seem yog qhov siab.
1.3 Nyuaj ntawm kev nias ntau lawm
Ntau lub hauv paus daim hlau thiab cov phaj kho ib nrab tau ua ntau dua, thiab tsis xws luag xws li phaj swb, lamination, kab noj hniav thiab cov npuas ua npuas tau yooj yim tsim thaum nias tsim khoom. Hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem laminated, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua tib zoo xav txog cov khoom siv cua sov ua haujlwm, tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, cov kua nplaum thiab tuab ntawm qhov nruab nrab, thiab teeb tsa qhov tsim nyog siab – nce phaj nias qhov haujlwm. Vim tias muaj ntau txheej txheej, kev nthuav dav thiab kev txo qis thiab qhov loj me coefficient them tsis tuaj yeem ua kom zoo ib yam; Cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev nyias ntawm cov txheej txheej yooj yim ua rau qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov txheej. Daim duab 1 yog daim duab tsis xws luag ntawm cov phaj tawg tawg tom qab ntsuas kev ntsuas cua sov.

1.4 Cov ntsiab lus nyuaj hauv kev drilling
Cov phaj tooj liab tshwj xeeb nrog TG siab, nrawm nrawm, siab ntau thiab tuab tuab tau siv los ua kom nyuaj ntawm qhov ntxhib ntxhib, burr thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov txheej, tag nrho cov tooj liab tuab thiab phaj tuab, yooj yim los tsoo riam drilling; CAF tsis ua los ntawm BGA ntom ntom thiab qhov nqaim phab ntsa sib nrug; Lub tuab ntawm cov phaj tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm skew drilling.
Ii. Tswj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tseem ceeb

2.1 Kev Xaiv Khoom
Nrog kev ua haujlwm siab rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv kev coj ua ntawm kev txhim kho, tib lub sijhawm nrog kev ua haujlwm siab, kev txhim kho kev hloov pauv ntawm lub teeb liab, yog li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob dielectric tsis tu ncua thiab dielectric poob qis, thiab CTE qis, dej tsawg. nqus tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo tooj liab clad cov khoom zoo dua, kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov phaj saum toj kawg nkaus ua thiab ntseeg tau. Cov khoom siv phaj feem ntau suav nrog A series, B series, C series thiab D series. Saib Cov Lus 1 rau kev sib piv ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm plaub lub hauv qab no. Rau sab saum toj tuab ib nrab ntawm cov tooj liab Circuit Court board xaiv cov ntsiab lus siab, sib cuam tshuam ib nrab ntawm cov txheej txheej txheej ntawm cov kua dej txaus yog txaus rau cov duab kos, txheej dielectric yog tuab heev ib qho yooj yim kom pom cov phaj tiav tuab tuab, qhov seem me me, dielectric txheej tau yooj yim kom ua rau txheej txheej nruab nrab, kev ntsuas siab siab ua tsis tiav xws li teeb meem zoo, yog li kev xaiv cov khoom siv dielectric yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

2.2 Laminated qauv tsim
Hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem laminated, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb uas yuav tau txiav txim siab yog qhov kub tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov hluav taws xob tsis kam, cov kua nplaum thiab tuab ntawm txheej txheej nruab nrab, thiab lwm yam. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws.
(1) Daim ib nrab kho thiab cov phaj tsim khoom lag luam yuav tsum zoo ib yam. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau PCB kev ntseeg tau, txhua txheej ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ib nrab kho yuav tsum zam kev siv Ib zaug 1080 lossis 106 cov ntsiav tshuaj ib nrab kho (tshwj tsis yog tshwj xeeb xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom). Thaum tsis muaj qhov xav tau ntawm cov tuab tuab, tuab ntawm nruab nrab ntawm txheej yuav tsum yog .0.09mm raws li IPC-A-600g.
(2) Thaum cov neeg siv khoom xav tau phaj siab TG, phaj phaj thiab phaj kho ib nrab yuav tsum siv cov khoom TG siab sib xws.
(3) Sab hauv txheej 3OZ lossis siab dua, xaiv cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ib nrab kho, xws li 1080R/C65%, 1080HR/C 68%, 106R/C 73%, 106HR/C76%; Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim qauv ntawm 106 cov ntawv ib nrab kho nrog cov nplaum siab yuav tsum raug zam kom ntau li ntau tau los tiv thaiv kev sib tshooj ntawm ntau 106 cov ntawv kho ib nrab. Vim tias cov iav fiber ntau yog nyias dhau, qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm cov iav fiber ntau hauv thaj chaw loj yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov ruaj khov ntawm sab thiab lamination ntawm phaj tawg.
(4) Yog tias tus neeg siv khoom tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb xav tau, qhov tuab tuab ntawm qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab feem ntau tswj tau los ntawm +/- 10%. Rau cov phaj tsis muaj zog, tuab tuab ntawm nruab nrab yog tswj los ntawm IPC-4101 C/M kam rau ua. Yog tias qhov cuam tshuam cuam tshuam cuam tshuam nrog cuam tshuam nrog cov tuab ntawm cov substrate, phaj siab yuav tsum tau tswj los ntawm IPC-4101 C/M kam rau ua.
2.3 Interlayer kawm tuab si lug tswj
Qhov tseeb ntawm cov tub ntxhais sab hauv vaj huam sib luag qhov kev them nyiaj thiab kev tsim khoom loj yuav tsum tau ua raws cov ntaub ntawv thiab keeb kwm cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg hauv kev tsim khoom hauv qee lub sijhawm txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau cov duab loj ntawm txhua txheej ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag sab saud kom ntseeg tau qhov sib xws ntawm nthuav dav thiab txo qis ntawm txhua txheej ntawm cov tub ntxhais ua vaj huam sib luag. Xaiv qhov tseeb thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab sib cuam tshuam qhov chaw ua ntej nias, xws li plaub qhov chaw tso (Pin LAM), kub yaj thiab rivet ua ke. Tus yuam sij los xyuas kom zoo ntawm kev nias yog teeb tsa cov txheej txheem tsim nyog thiab kev saib xyuas txhua hnub ntawm cov xovxwm, tswj cov nias kua nplaum thiab ua kom txias, thiab txo qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txav ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Interlayer kev sib dhos tswj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab kom nkag siab los ntawm txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej, nias qhov chaw tso, nias txheej txheem txheej txheem, cov khoom siv khoom thiab lwm yam.
2.4 Txheej txheem kab sab hauv
Vim tias kev tshuaj xyuas lub peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab tso tawm ib txwm yog kwv yees li 50μm, rau kev tsim khoom ntawm qib siab, kev siv lub tshuab laser ncaj qha (LDI) tuaj yeem nkag los txhawm rau txhim kho cov peev txheej tsom xam, muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas txog 20μm. Qhov ua kom raug qhov tseeb ntawm lub tshuab ib txwm raug yog ± 25μm, thiab qhov sib txuam sib dhos raug qhov tseeb ntau dua 50μm. Kev tso qhov tseeb ntawm kab teeb tuaj yeem txhim kho txog li 15μm thiab qhov sib cuam tshuam qhov tseeb qhov tseeb tuaj yeem tswj tau hauv 30μm los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab ua kom pom tseeb qhov tseeb, uas txo qis qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej ib txwm muaj thiab txhim kho kev sib koom ua haujlwm qhov tseeb ntawm qhov siab pawg thawj coj saib.
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho txoj kab muaj peev xwm kos, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them nyiaj kom raug rau qhov dav ntawm kab thiab lub ncoo (lossis lub nplhaib txuas) hauv kev tsim qauv tsim vaj tsev, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau ua kom ntxaws tsim kev txiav txim siab rau qhov nyiaj tshwj xeeb cov duab, xws li lub voj voos, kev ywj pheej Circuit Court thiab lwm yam. Txheeb xyuas seb qhov kev them nyiaj tsim rau sab hauv dav, kab nrug, cais lub nplhaib loj, kab ywj pheej, qhov-rau-kab nrug yog qhov tsim nyog, lossis hloov cov qauv tsim qauv. Tus tsim ntawm impedance thiab inductive reactance yuav tsum tau saib xyuas seb puas tsim qauv them nyiaj ntawm txoj kab ywj pheej thiab kab impedance txaus. Cov ntsuas tsis tau tswj tau zoo thaum kos duab, thiab thawj daim tuaj yeem tsim ua pawg tom qab tau lees paub tias tsim nyog. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txo cov etching sab yaig, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj cov tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj daws hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Cov cuab yeej siv kab ib txwm tsis muaj peev xwm kos tau zoo, yog li cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem hloov kho lossis xa mus rau cov cuab yeej siv cov txheej txheem kom zoo los txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem sib dhos, txo cov etching burr, etching tsis huv thiab lwm yam teeb meem.
2.5 Nias txheej txheem
Tam sim no, txheej txheem txheej txheej txheej txheej ua ntej nias feem ntau suav nrog: plaub qhov chaw tso (Pin LAM), kub yaj, rivet, kub yaj thiab rivet ua ke. Cov khoom sib txawv ua qauv siv txoj hauv kev sib txawv. Rau cov qib qib siab, plaub qhov chaw tso (Pin LAM), lossis fusion + riveting, OPE ntaus tawm qhov chaw tso nrog qhov raug tswj kom ± 25μm. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, nws yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas seb txhua lub phaj tau sib xyaw ua ke los tiv thaiv kev sib cais tom ntej. Cov cuab yeej nias tau txais kev ua haujlwm siab txhawb nqa nias kom tau raws li qhov sib txuam sib dhos raug thiab ntseeg tau ntawm cov phaj siab.
Raws li cov phaj saum toj kawg nkaus txheej txheej thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv, cov txheej txheem tsim nyog nias, teeb tsa cua sov zoo tshaj plaws thiab nkhaus, ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau txheej txheej PCB nias txheej txheem, tsim nyog los txo cov nias cov hlau ua kom sov cua sov, ncua sijhawm kub kom sov, ua rau resin ntws, kho, tib lub sijhawm zam lub skateboard hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm nias, teeb meem cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam. Cov khoom siv TG tus nqi tsis yog tib lub rooj tsavxwm, tsis tuaj yeem ua tib lub rooj sib tham zoo siab; Qhov tsis sib xws ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tsis tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm; Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab txo qis coefficient, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phaj sib txawv thiab cov ntawv kho ib nrab yog qhov sib txawv, thiab cov ntawv sib kho ib nrab kho cov ntawv yuav tsum tau siv rau nias, thiab cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas tsis tau siv dua los yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb txheej txheem tsis
2.6 Cov txheej txheem Drilling
Vim yog qhov superposition ntawm txhua txheej, phaj thiab tooj liab txheej yog tuab tuab, uas ua rau hnyav hnyav rau ntawm qhov siv me ntsis thiab yooj yim los tsoo cov cuab yeej siv. Tus naj npawb ntawm qhov, poob nrawm thiab tig nrawm yuav tsum txo qis kom tsim nyog. Ntsuas ntsuas qhov nthuav dav thiab txo qis ntawm cov phaj, muab cov coefficient raug; Tus naj npawb ntawm txheej ≥14, qhov taub ≤0.2mm lossis lub qhov rau kab nrug ≤0.175mm, kev siv qhov tseeb ≤0.025mm laum ntau lawm; Kauj ruam drilling yog siv rau txoj kab uas hla .4.0mm12mm lossis siab dua, qib drilling yog siv rau tuab rau txoj kab nruab nrab piv 1: 1, thiab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo drilling siv rau kev tsim khoom. Tswj qhov drilling pem hauv ntej thiab qhov taub. Sim siv rab riam tshiab lossis zom 25 rab riam los laum lub rooj tsavxwm sab saud. Lub qhov taub yuav tsum tau tswj tsis pub dhau 3um. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem burr ntawm kev khawb qhov ntawm cov tuab tuab tooj liab phaj hauv qib siab, nws tau ua pov thawj los ntawm kev sim ua pawg uas siv cov ntaub ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom, cov phaj sib tshooj yog ib qho thiab qhov khawb me ntsis sib tsoo lub sijhawm yog tswj tsis pub dhau XNUMX zaug tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov khawb ntawm drilling qhov

Rau qhov ntau zaus, kev kub ceev thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib kis ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm siab, rov qab siv tshuab thev naus laus zis yog txoj hauv kev zoo los txhim kho teeb liab kev ntseeg. Kev siv lub nraub qaum feem ntau tswj qhov ntev ntawm cov quav tawv, qhov sib xws ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm ob qhov kev khawb thiab cov tooj liab hauv lub qhov. Tsis yog txhua yam khoom siv ua kom rov ua haujlwm rov qab, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tiav kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv tshuab (nrog rov ua haujlwm rov qab), lossis yuav lub tshuab ua kom rov ua haujlwm rov qab. Sab nraub qaum cov txheej txheem siv hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam cuam tshuam thiab kev loj hlob loj feem ntau suav nrog: tsoos qhov tob tswj rov qab txoj hauv kev drilling, rov qab drilling nrog lub teeb liab tawm tswv yim txheej hauv txheej sab hauv, suav qhov tob rov qab drilling raws li qhov sib piv ntawm phaj tuab, uas yuav tsis rov hais dua ntawm no.
Peb, kev ntseeg siab ntsuas
cov qib siab board feem ntau yog cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, tuab dua li cov rooj sib tham ntau pawg, hnyav dua, chav loj dua, qhov muaj peev xwm ua kom sov kuj tseem loj dua, hauv vuam, xav tau cua sov ntau dua, vuam lub sijhawm kub ntev. Nws yuav siv sijhawm 50 txog 90 vib nas this ntawm 217 ℃ (cov ntsiab lus melting ntawm tin-silver-tooj ​​liab solder), thiab qhov txias txias ntawm cov phaj siab tau nce qeeb, yog li lub sijhawm ntsuas ntawm qhov rov ua dua vuam txuas ntxiv. Ua ke nrog ipC-6012C, IPC-TM-650 cov qauv thiab kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam, kev ntsuas kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub phaj siab tau piav qhia hauv Table 2.

Table2