Ua lilo nā ʻāpana PCB kiʻekiʻe (PCBA) i mea koi nui i ka ʻoihana uila. Pika PCB hana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana hoʻohui no nā mea uila like ʻole. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea hana PCB ke hana i ka hana ma muli o kahi hewa hana, e hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka hana o nā mea uila like ʻole. No ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia, ke hana nei nā PCBS a me nā mea hana hui i nā ʻano nānā like ʻole ma nā PCBas ma nā ʻanuʻu hana like ʻole. Kūkākūkā ka blog i nā ʻano loiloi PCBA like ʻole a me nā ʻano hemahema a lākou e loiloi ai.

ʻO ke ʻano nānā PCBA

I kēia lā, ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka paʻakikī o nā papa kaapuni paʻi, paʻakikī ka ʻike ʻana i nā hemahema hana. I nā manawa he nui, hiki i ka PCBS ke loaʻa nā hemahema e like me ka wehe ʻana a me ka pōkole pōkole, nā kuhi hewa, nā welds inconsistent, nā ʻāpana hewa ʻole, nā ʻāpana i hoʻonoho hewa ʻia, nā ʻāpana uila ʻole, nā ʻāpana uila nalo, etc. No ka pale ʻana i kēia mau kūlana āpau, hoʻohana nā mea hana hui PCB turnkey i kēia mau ʻano nānā.

ʻO nā ʻenehana āpau i kūkākūkā ʻia ma luna e hōʻoia i ka nānā pono ʻana i nā ʻāpana PCB uila a kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana PCB ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hale hana. Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ana i ka hui PCB no kāu papahana aʻe, e ʻike pono e loaʻa nā kumuwaiwai mai nā lawelawe hui PCB hilinaʻi.

Nānā ‘atikala mua

ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka hana e pili mau ana i ka hana kūpono o SMT. No laila, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hui nui a me ka hana ʻana, hana nā mea hana PCB i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana mua e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokomo pono ʻana o nā lako SMT. Kōkua kēia nānā iā lākou e ʻike i nā nozzles vacuum a me nā pilikia alignment hiki ke pale ʻia i ka hana nui.

Nānā ʻike maka i ka

ʻO ka nānā ʻana a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i ka maka ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻenehana nānā maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o ka hui PCB. E like me ka manaʻo o ka inoa, pili kēia i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole ma o ka maka a ʻike paha. ʻO ke koho o nā mea hana e pili ana i kahi e nānā ʻia ai.No ka laʻana, ʻike ʻia ke kau ʻana o nā ʻāpana a me ka paʻi ʻana i ka paʻi solder i ka maka ʻōlohelohe. Eia naʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā waihona paʻi a me nā pā keleawe me kahi mea ʻike kiʻekiʻe Z. Hana ʻia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka nānā ʻana ma ka weld reflow o kahi prism, kahi e nānā ʻia ai ke kukui i ʻike ʻia mai nā kihi like ʻole.

ʻO ka nānā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa

ʻO AOI ke ʻano maʻamau akā ʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike i nā hemahema. Hana ʻia ʻo AOI me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kāmera lehulehu, nā kumu kukui, a me kahi waihona o nā led i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Hiki i nā ʻōnaehana AOI ke kaomi i nā kiʻi o nā hui solder ma nā kihi like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana hili. Hiki i nā ʻōnaehana AOI ke nānā i ka 30 a i ka 50 ami hoʻokahi kekona, e kōkua ana e hōʻemi i ka manawa e pono ai e ʻike a hoʻoponopono i nā hemahema. I kēia lā, hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau ʻōnaehana i nā pae āpau o ka hui PCB. Ma mua, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia nā ʻōnaehana AOI i kūpono no ke ana ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hui solder ma kahi PCB. Eia naʻe, me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā ʻōnaehana 3D AOI, hiki i kēia manawa. Eia hou, kūpono nā ʻōnaehana AOI no ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻano paʻakikī me ka mamao o 0.5mm.

Ninaninau X-ray

Ma muli o kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i nā polokalamu micro, ke ulu nei ke koi no nā ʻāpana papa kaapuni nui a paʻa. Ua lilo ʻo Surface mount technology (SMT) i mea koho kaulana i waena o nā mea hana PCB e nānā ana e hoʻolālā i ka PCBS paʻakikī a paʻakikī hoʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana BGA. ʻOiai ke kōkua nei ʻo SMT i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā puʻupuʻu PCB, hoʻolauna pū kekahi i kahi paʻakikī i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka maka. No ka laʻana, he 15,000 mau pilina welded i kahi pūʻolo chip liʻiliʻi (CSP) i hana ʻia me SMT i hiki ʻole ke hōʻoia maʻalahi me ka maka ʻōlohelohe. ʻO kēia kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā kukui X. Loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke komo i nā hui solder a ʻike i nā pōpō nalowale, nā kūlana solder, misalignments, etc. Hoʻokomo ka X-ray i ka pūʻolo chip, nona ka pilina ma waena o ka papa kaapuni pili paʻa a me ka hui solder ma lalo.

ʻO nā ʻenehana a pau i kūkākūkā ʻia ma luna e hōʻoia i ka nānā pono ʻana i nā ʻāpana uila a kōkua i nā mea hōʻuluʻulu PCB e hōʻoia i ko lākou maikaʻi ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka mea kanu. Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ana i nā ʻāpana PCB no kāu papahana aʻe, e ʻike pono e kūʻai mai kahi mea hana PCB hilinaʻi.