Makhalidwe apamwamba a PCB (PCBA) akhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamakampani azamagetsi. Pulogalamu ya PCB imagwira ntchito ngati cholumikizira pazida zamagetsi zosiyanasiyana. Ngati wopanga zigawo za PCB akulephera kuchita opareshoni chifukwa cha zolakwika pakupanga, magwiridwe antchito amagetsi osiyanasiyana adzawopsezedwa. Pofuna kupewa zoopsa, ma PCBS ndi opanga misonkhano tsopano akuchita zowunikira zosiyanasiyana pa PCBas m’njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira. Buloguyi imafotokoza njira zosiyanasiyana zowunika za PCBA ndi mitundu ya zolakwika zomwe amafufuza.

PCBA cheke njira

Lero, chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwama board osindikizidwa, kuzindikiritsa zopundika ndizovuta. Nthawi zambiri, PCBS imatha kukhala ndi zolakwika monga maseketi otseguka komanso afupikitsa, mayendedwe olakwika, ma welds osagwirizana, zophatikizika molakwika, zida zoyikidwa molakwika, zosalongosoka zosakhala zamagetsi, zosowa zamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri. Pofuna kupewa izi, opanga makina a PCB otembenuka amagwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi.

Maluso onse omwe takambirana pamwambapa amatsimikizira kuyang’anitsitsa kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi za PCB ndikuthandizira kuwonetsetsa kuti zigawo za PCB zisanachitike asanachoke mufakitoli. Ngati mukuganiza za msonkhano wa PCB pa ntchito yanu yotsatira, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza zothandizira kuchokera kumisonkhano yodalirika ya PCB.

Kuyendera nkhani yoyamba

Mtundu wopanga nthawi zonse umadalira magwiridwe antchito a SMT. Chifukwa chake, asanayambe kusonkhanitsa misa ndi kupanga, opanga ma PCB amachita zoyendera koyamba kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida za SMT zimayikidwa bwino. Kuyendera uku kumawathandiza kuti azindikire ma bampu opumira komanso mavuto omwe angawonongeke pakupanga voliyumu.

Yang’anirani zowoneka

Kuyendera kowoneka bwino kapena kuyang’anitsitsa m’maso ndi imodzi mwanjira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsonkhano wa PCB. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, izi zimaphatikizapo kupenda zinthu zingapo kudzera m’maso kapena chowunikira. Kusankhidwa kwa zida kumadalira malo omwe akuyenera kuyang’aniridwa.Mwachitsanzo, kusungidwa kwa zinthu ndi kusindikiza phala la solder kumawoneka ndi maso. Komabe, ma peyala osungidwa ndi ma pads amkuwa amatha kuwona ndi Z-high detector. Mtundu wowoneka bwino kwambiri umayang’aniridwa ndi prism, pomwe kuwala kowunikira kumawunikidwa kuchokera kumakona osiyanasiyana.

Makinawa kuwala kuyendera

AOI ndiyo njira yowunika mawonekedwe wamba koma yowoneka bwino yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zolakwika. AOI imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito makamera angapo, magetsi, ndi laibulale yama leds omwe adapangidwa. Machitidwe a AOI amathanso kudina zithunzi za mafupa a solder m’malo osiyanasiyana komanso mbali zopendekeka. Makina ambiri a AOI amatha kuwunika malo ophatikizira 30 mpaka 50 pamphindi, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa nthawi yofunikira kuzindikira ndi kukonza zolakwika. Masiku ano, makinawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m’magulu onse a msonkhano wa PCB. M’mbuyomu, makina a AOI sanali kuonedwa ngati abwino kuyeza kutalika kwa cholumikizira pa PCB. Komabe, pakubwera kwa machitidwe a 3D AOI, izi ndizotheka tsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, machitidwe a AOI ndiabwino kuyang’anira magawo ovuta kupanga ndi katayanitsidwe ka 0.5mm.

Kuyeza X-ray

Chifukwa chakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo pazida zazing’ono, kufunikira kwa ma denser ndi compact compact board board zikukula. Zipangizo zamakono (SMT) zakhala zosankha pakati pa opanga ma PCB omwe akuyang’ana kupanga PCBS zolimba komanso zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo za BGA. Ngakhale SMT imathandizira kuchepetsa kukula kwa ma phukusi a PCB, imayambitsanso zovuta zina zomwe sizimawoneka ndi maso. Mwachitsanzo, kachipangizo kakang’ono (CSP) kamene kamapangidwa ndi SMT kakhoza kukhala ndi maulumikizidwe 15,000 omwe samalumikizidwa mosavuta ndi maso. Apa ndi pomwe X-ray imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imatha kulowa m’malo olumikizirana bwino ndikuzindikira mipira yomwe ikusowa, malo osungunuka, zolakwika, ndi zina zambiri. X-ray imalowa mkati mwa phukusi la chip, lomwe limalumikizana pakati pa bolodi yolumikizana yolimba ndi cholumikizira cha solder pansipa.

Njira zonse zomwe tafotokozazi zikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zamagetsi zikuwunikiridwa bwino ndikuthandizira opanga ma PCB kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi luso asanachoke. Ngati mukuganiza za zigawo za PCB za projekiti yanu yotsatira, onetsetsani kuti mwagula kuchokera kwa wopanga zida wodalirika wa PCB.