- 23
- Sep
Mokhoa oa ho rarolla mathata a PCB?
Lisosa PCB ho hloleha?
Mabaka a mararo a koahela liphoso tse ngata:
PCB moralo bothata
Mabaka a tikoloho
dilemo
Litaba tsa moralo oa PCB li kenyelletsa mathata a fapaneng a ka hlahang nakong ea moralo le tlhahiso, joalo ka:
Ho beoa ha likarolo – Ho fumana likarolo tse fosahetseng
Sebaka se fokolang haholo ka sekepeng se bakang ho chesa haholo
Litaba tsa boleng ba likarolo, joalo ka ts’ebeliso ea tšepe ea tšepe le likarolo tsa maiketsetso
Mocheso o feteletseng, lerōle, mongobo le ho tsoa ha motlakase nakong ea kopano ke a mang a mabaka a tikoloho a ka lebisang ho hloleheng.
Ho emisa liphoso tse amanang le lilemo ho thata haholo mme ho theohela tlhokomelong ea thibelo ho fapana le ho e lokisa. Empa haeba karolo e sa atlehe, ho na le litšenyehelo tse ngata haholo ho khutlisa karolo ea khale ka e ncha ho fapana le ho lahla boto eohle ea potoloho.
Ke lokela ho etsa eng ha PCB e hloleha
Ho hloleha ha PCB. Ho tla etsahala. Morero o motle ke ho qoba ho qopitsa ka litšenyehelo tsohle.
Ho etsa tlhahlobo ea liphoso tsa PCB ho ka supa bothata bo tobileng le PCB le ho thusa ho thibela bothata bo tšoanang ho o hlasela mapolanka a mang a hona joale kapa mapolanka a tlang. Liteko tsena li ka aroloa ho ba liteko tse nyane ho kenyelletsa:
Tlhahlobo ea karolo ea microscopic
Teko ea weldability ea PCB
Teko ea tšilafalo ea PCB
SEM ea microscope / microscope
Tlhahlobo ea X ray
Tlhahlobo ea selae sa microscopic
Mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa ho tlosa boto ea potoloho ho pepesa le ho arola likarolo mme e thusa ho bona mathata a amanang le:
Likarolo tse sa sebetseng
Marikhoe kapa marikhoe a makhuts’oane
Phallo ea phallo e lebisa ho ts’ebetsong ea ts’ebetso
Thermal phetha molao ho hloleha
Litaba tse tala
Teko ea Weldability
Teko ena e sebelisetsoa ho fumana mathata a bakoang ke ho kenella le tšebeliso e mpe ea filimi ea solder. Tlhahlobo E na le thuso bakeng sa:
Lekola barekisi le li-flux
Benchmarking
Tlhophiso ea boleng
Teko ea tšilafalo ea PCB
Teko ena e fumana litšila tse ka bakang tšilafalo, ts’enyeho, metallization le mathata a mang likopanong tsa lead bonding.
Microscope ea Optical / SEM
Mokhoa ona o sebelisa li-microscopes tse matla ho bona mathata a ho tjheseletsa le ho kopana.
Ts’ebetso ena e nepahetse ebile e potlakile. Ha ho hlokahala li-microscope tse matla ho feta, ho ka sebelisoa microscopy ea elektronike. E fana ka ho phahamisa ho fihlela ho 120,000X.
Tlhahlobo ea X-ray
Mahlale a morao-rao a fana ka mekhoa e seng e hlaselang ea ho sebelisa litsamaiso tsa lifilimi, tsa nako ea ‘nete kapa tsa X-ray. E ka fumana liphoso tsa hajoale kapa tse ka bang teng tse kenyelletsang likaroloana tsa kahare, sekoaelo sa sekoaelo sa sekoaelo, botšepehi ba substrate, jj.
Mokhoa oa ho qoba ho hloleha ha PCB
Ho monate ho etsa tlhahlobo ea liphoso tsa PCB le ho lokisa mathata a PCB hore li se ke tsa etsahala hape. Ho ka ba molemo ho qoba ho senyeha ho tloha qalong. Ho na le mekhoa e ‘maloa ea ho qoba ho hloleha, ho kenyelletsa:
Ho roala hantle
Ho roala ka tsela e lumellanang ke e ‘ngoe ea litsela tsa mantlha tsa ho sireletsa PCB lerōleng, mobu le mongobo. Liaparo tsena li tloha ho acrylic ho isa ho epoxy resin mme li ka koaheloa ka litsela tse ‘maloa:
brush
Spray
emoloa
Ho roala ka khetho
Ho etsa liteko pele ho nako
Pele e bokelloa kapa e bile e siiloe ke moetsi, e lokela ho lekoa ho netefatsa hore ha e hlolehe hang ha e le karolo ea sesebelisoa se seholo. Ho etsa liteko nakong ea kopano ho ka hlaha ka mefuta e mengata:
Teko ea inthaneteng (ICT) e fa boto ea potoloho matla a ho etsa potoloho ka ‘ngoe. Sebelisa feela ha ho lebelletsoe ntlafatso ea lihlahisoa.
Teko ea pini e fofang e ke ke ea fa boto matla, empa e theko e tlase ho feta ICT. Bakeng sa liodara tse kholo, e kanna ea ba theko e tlase ho feta ICT.
Tlhatlhobo ea “Optical Optical” e ka nka setšoantšo sa PCB ebe e bapisa setšoantšo le setšoantšo se qaqileng, se tšoaeang boto ea potoloho e sa lumellaneng le setšoantšo sa morero.
Teko ea botsofali e lemoha liphoso tsa pele ho nako mme e theha bokhoni ba mojaro.
Tlhahlobo ea X-ray e sebelisetsoang tlhahlobo ea pele ho nako e ts’oana le ea X-ray e sebelisetsoang liteko tsa tlhahlobo ea ho hloleha.
Liteko tse sebetsang li netefatsa hore boto e tla qala. Liteko tse ling tse sebetsang li kenyelletsa domain domain reflectometry, peel test le solder float test, hammoho le solderability test e hlalositsoeng pejana, tlhahlobo ea ts’ilafalo ea PCB le tlhahlobo ea microsection.
Tšebeletso ea kamora ho rekisa (AMS)
Kamora hore sehlahisoa se tlohe ho moetsi, ha se kamehla e leng qetello ea ts’ebeletso ea moetsi. Bahlahisi ba bangata ba likonteraka tsa boleng bo holimo ba fana ka litšebeletso tsa kamora ho rekisa ho lekola le ho lokisa lihlahisoa tsa bona, esita le tseo ba neng ba sa li hlahisa qalong. AMS e thusa libakeng tse ‘maloa tsa bohlokoa, ho kenyelletsa:
Hloekisa, leka le ho hlahloba ho thibela likotsi le ho hloleha ho amanang le lisebelisoa
Ho rarolla bothata ba boemo ba karolo ho sebeletsa elektroniki ho karolo ea karolo
Nchafatso, ntlafatso le tlhokomelo ea ho nchafatsa mechini ea khale, ho nchafatsa likarolo tse ikhethang, ho fana ka lits’ebeletso tsa lebaleng le ho ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa software ea sehlahisoa
Tlhatlhobo ea data ho ithuta nalane ea ts’ebeletso kapa litlaleho tsa tlhahlobo ea ho hloleha ho fumana mehato e latelang
Tsamaiso e siiloeng ke nako
Tsamaiso ea ho felloa ke nako ke karolo ea AMS mme e amehile ka ho thibela ho se lumellane ha likarolo le ho hloleha ho amanang le lilemo.
Ho etsa bonnete ba hore lihlahisoa tsa hau li na le nako e telele ka ho fetesisa ea bophelo, litsebi tsa khale tsa taolo li tla netefatsa hore likarolo tsa boleng bo holimo li fanoa mme melao ea likhohlano e tsamaeang le eona ea lateloa.
Hape, nahana ka ho khutlisa karete ea potoloho ka PCB lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse X kapa ho khutlisa linako tse X. Ts’ebeletso ea hau ea AMS e tla khona ho ipehela kemiso e nchafatsang ho netefatsa tšebetso e boreleli ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Ho molemo ho nkela likarolo tse ling sebaka ho fapana le ho emela hore li robehe!
U ka tseba joang hore na ho na le teko e nepahetseng
Haeba PCB ea hau e hloleha, joale u tseba seo u lokelang ho se etsa kamora moo le hore na u ka e thibela joang. Leha ho le joalo, haeba u batla ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho hloleha ha PCB, sebetsa le moetsi oa boleng bo holimo oa elektroniki ea nang le boiphihlelo ba liteko le AMS.