Ngophuhliso lweshishini lolwazi lwe-elektroniki, iimveliso zombane zetheminali zineemfuno eziphezulu neziphezulu zokucokisa PCB shishini. Ukugrumba linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-PCB, eye yaphuhliswa yaya kutsho kubuncinane bomngxuma we-0.08mm, elona nqanaba liphezulu lomngxuma libe yi-0.1mm okanye nangaphezulu. Ukongeza ekuqhubeni imingxuma, imingxuma yeengxenye, i-grooves, imingxuma ekhethekileyo, i-plate shape, njl., zonke kufuneka zihlolwe. Indlela yokubona umgangatho wokomba webhodi yePCB ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo uye waba likhonkco elibalulekileyo lokuqinisekisa umgangatho weemveliso. Umatshini wokuhlola umngxuma we-PCB sisixhobo sokuhlola esizenzekelayo esisetyenziswa kuhlolo lomgangatho wokomba. Injongo yeli phepha kukuhlalutya umsebenzi umatshini wokuvavanya umngxuma kwinkqubo yokomba kunye nokubonelela ngamava reference kubavelisi PCB.

Kwinkqubo yokugaya i-PCB, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ezi ngxaki zilandelayo zomgangatho: i-porosity, ukuvuza, ukufuduka, ukugaya okungalunganga, ukungangeni, ukulahleka komngxuma, inkunkuma, ngaphambili, umngxuma weplagi. Okwangoku, iindlela zokulawula abavelisi abahlukeneyo ngokuyintloko zilungelelanisa inkqubo yokugaya ngaphambi kokugaya kunye nokomeleza iindlela zokuhlola emva kokugaya. In actual production, because the pre-drilling method can only reduce the probability of error, can not completely eliminate, we must rely on post-drilling inspection to ensure product quality.

In the post-drilling inspection, many domestic manufacturers are still using the plug gauge combined with artificial visual film (film) set inspection method: through the plug gauge focus on checking the hole, hole small, through the film focus on porous, leaky hole, shift, not through, not through, other hole damage, front, hole plug through artificial visual to complete. Ekusetyenzisweni kokuhlolwa kwefilimu, imveliso nganye yokomba ikhupha isampuli yefilimu ebomvu, ihlolwe ngepini kunye nepleyiti yemveliso esisigxina, ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo okubonakalayo phantsi kwebhokisi yokukhanya. In theory, this method can detect all kinds of defects, but in practice, the effect is greatly discounted.

Iingxaki eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:

Okokuqala, iimfuno zokuhlolwa kwe-aperture encinci ayinakuqinisekiswa: ukuveliswa kwemveliso kubonisa ukuba kwi-PCB enobuncinci be-aperture ≥0.5mm, i-manual inokufikelela kwiziphumo zokuhlola eziphezulu phantsi kwesiseko sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. This is determined by the minimum discernable visual Angle of the human eye, the working distance, and the attention span. Ngokuhla kobukhulu bokuvula, kwipleyiti yemveliso engaphantsi kwe-0.5mm, amandla okuhlolwa kwamehlo omntu aya kuncipha ngokukhawuleza, kuba ipleyiti yemveliso ≤0.25mm, i-manual kunye nomgangatho wesampuli kunzima ukuqinisekisa.

Okwesibini, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhlolwa kwesandla kulinganiselwe: ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhlolwa kwesandla kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nenani lemingxuma kunye neyona ndawo incinci yokuvula. Amava okuvelisa ngokwenene abonisa ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kuya kuncitshiswa kakhulu xa umngxuma ungaphezulu kwe-10000 kwaye umngxuma omncinci ungaphantsi kwe-0.5mm. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngesandla kulungele kuphela isampulu. Kwipleyiti yoxinaniso oluphezulu, akunakwenzeka ukuba uqinisekise umgangatho wokugrumba ngesandla.

Okwesithathu, ukuzinza komgangatho akunakuqinisekiswa: abantu baya kuchaphazeleka ngamava, isimo sengqondo, ukukhathala, uxanduva kunye nezinye izinto, kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza komgangatho. Some manufacturers can not use multiple artificial, repeated inspection method, but still can not ensure the stability of quality.

Ukuze kusonjululwe ezi ngxaki zingasentla, iifektri ezininzi ze-PCB EZIKHULU ziye zamkela izixhobo ze-AOI zokuhlola umngxuma ukuze zithathe indawo yomsebenzi wezandla kuluhlu olukhulu. Ngokukodwa kumashishini aseJapan naseTaiwan afumana inkxaso-mali, iminyaka emininzi yokusebenza ibonakalise ukusebenza kwale ndlela intsha, ekufanele ukuba kuqwalaselwe kwaye kubhengezwe ngabavelisi abaninzi basekhaya bePCB.

Izixhobo zokuhlola umngxuma ze-AOI zezezixhobo zokuhlola okuzenzekelayo. Ngokwendlela yomfanekiso weziphene ezahlukahlukeneyo zokugaya, zinokwahlulwa zibe: i-porous, umngxuma omncinci, umngxuma omkhulu, umngxuma omncinci, intsalela, ukuphambuka komngxuma kunye nokumila komngxuma. Yahlulahlulwe yaziintlobo ezimbini: enye ngumatshini wokuhlola umngxuma, omnye ngumatshini wokulinganisa umngxuma kunye nomatshini wokuhlola (umngxuma-AOI). Ukusebenza, kukho umatshini wokuhlola we-X-ray, osetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lwemingxuma eyimfama engcwatywayo kunye neebhodi ezinamaleko amaninzi, ezingahambelani nenjongo yokuhlolwa kwebhatyi yebhanyabhanya yebhanya kwaye ayiyonxalenye yohlalutyo. eli phepha.

Ngokutsho kwezixhobo ze-PCB abavelisi bezinto ezihambelana namava, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iiseti ezininzi zomngxunya wokukhangela umngxuma wokuhlola ngokupheleleyo ipleyiti yokuqala kunye nesitya esisezantsi, sigxininise ekuhlolweni kwemingxuma, imingxuma embalwa, imingxuma emikhulu, imingxuma emincinci kunye ne-debris; Indawo yomngxuma yokulinganisa kunye nomatshini wokukhangela isetyenziselwa ukujonga indawo, igxininise ekuphambukeni komngxuma. Iimpawu zezi zixhobo zibini zezi zilandelayo:

Umatshini wokukhangela umngxuma: iinzuzo lixabiso eliphantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhlolwa, khangela i-600mm × 600mm PCB i-avareji ye-6 ~ 7 imizuzwana, unokuqonda i-porous, umngxuma omncinci, umngxuma, umngxuma omncinci, ukuhlolwa okushiyekileyo. Ukungalungi kukuba ukukwazi ukujonga indawo yomngxuma akukho phezulu, kwaye kuphela iziphene ezinzulu zingabonwa. Ngokwawona mava emveliso yomenzi, ngokubanzi ii-RIGS ezili-15 zixhotyiswe ngomatshini wokujonga umngxuma omnye.

Isikhundla somngxuma wokulinganisa kunye nokutshekisha umatshini: inzuzo kukuba zonke izinto zinokujongwa. Ukungalungi kukuba ixabiso liphezulu (malunga ne-3 ~ 4 amaxesha omatshini wokuhlola umngxuma), ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhlola kuphantsi, kuthatha imizuzu emininzi okanye ixesha elide ukujonga isiqwenga se-1. It is generally recommended to configure one machine for product sampling inspection to supplement the deficiency of hole checking machine for hole position inspection.

Inspection principle of hole inspection AOI equipment: PCB drilling image is collected by optical system, and compared with the design document (drill tape file or Gerber file). If the two are consistent, it indicates that the drilling is correct; otherwise, it indicates that there is a problem in the drilling, and then analyze and classify the defect type according to the image morphology. Izixhobo zokuhlola umngxuma zifaniswa namaxwebhu oyilo lokugaya, kwaye ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo okubonakalayo kuthelekiswa nefilimu. Ngokubhekiselele kumgaqo wokuhlola, iingxaki ezibangelwa iimpazamo zokugaya ifilimu zinokuphetshwa, kwaye ukuthembeka kuphezulu.

PCB umngxuma uvavanyo umatshini uhlalutyo ubuchwepheshe

Indima yomatshini wokukhangela umngxuma kwinkqubo yokomba ye-PCB ibonakaliswa kule miba ilandelayo:

Okokuqala, uhlolo olusebenzayo noluzinzileyo lomgangatho wokugrumba:

Ukuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo: i-porous, i-porous encinci, imingxuma enkulu, umngxuma omncinci kunye neziphene ze-debris zinokutshekishwa ngaxeshanye ngesantya sobuncinci be-0.15mm kunye ne-8m / min, kwaye indawo yesiphene imakishwe kwaye umfanekiso wesiphako uhlaziywa ukubonelela ngesiseko sokugweba ngesandla. .

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Debris: kuhlolo lokuqala lokugaya, i-debris ayiyona nto igxininise kakhulu ingqalelo; Kodwa ngaphambi kwe-electroplating, i-debris kufuneka ibangele ingqalelo eyaneleyo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe impembelelo yobutyobo kumgangatho wemvula yobhedu, abavelisi be-PCB ngokubanzi basusa inkunkuma ngokusila nokucoca phambi kwe-electroplating, kodwa ekusebenzeni, ayikacoceki nge-100%, isiphumo sokucoca ipleyiti ephezulu kakhulu sibi kakhulu. Ngokwethiyori, kukho i-scraps kwi-PCB nganye, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukuhlola ngokupheleleyo yonke imingxuma kuzo zonke iimveliso, kuxhomekeke kuhlolo olubonakalayo lwezandla, kodwa umatshini wokuhlola umngxuma wenza ukuba kwenzeke.

Quality improvement: stability is the biggest advantage of equipment, stable product quality can enhance the brand influence of PCB factory, directly improve the ability of manufacturers to receive orders.

Okwesibini, uncedise amasebe emveliso kunye nomgangatho kuhlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani:

Uhlalutyo lwesixhobo: inokuhlalutya umndilili wokutenxa kwidayamitha yomngxuma wokomba wezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokomba kwi-PCB, ibeke iliso ekunokunxitywa kwesixhobo sokomba ngexesha lokwenyani, ifumane ingxaki yesixhobo esingalunganga ngexesha, kwaye inqande iipleyiti zenkunkuma yebhetshi.

Uhlalutyo lwamandla: inokuqokelela yonke imihla, inyanga nenyanga, ikota kunye nonyaka umthamo wokuvelisa kunye nokusebenza okusemgangathweni kwemveliso, ukubonelela ngedatha yokuhlalutya kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwefektri kunye namandla okulawula.

Uhlalutyo lomatshini: unokubala iziphumo, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo kunye nomgangatho we-rig nganye, ukuphucula amandla okulawula iinkcukacha zomatshini.

Okwesithathu, ukonga iindleko, umlinganiselo ophezulu wegalelo-imveliso:

Abasebenzi bokuhlola: kwisiseko sokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, i-2 ~ 3 abasebenzi bokuhlola banokugcinwa ngokomyinge ngomatshini wokuhlola umngxuma.

Imathiriyeli ekrwada: inokonga iindleko zefilim, enentsingiselo ngakumbi kwiifektri zebhetshi eziphakathi nezincinci.

Customer complaint: it can save the cost of return order and fine caused by drilling defects. Although it is not as direct as the personnel and materials saved, the average annual cost saved is even higher than the purchasing cost of hole inspection machine.

Ngeemfuno zomgangatho ophezulu we-PCB zabavelisi benkqubo yokomba, phantsi koxinzelelo lokunyusa iindleko zabasebenzi kunye nokungonelanga ngokuthe ngcembe isakhono sokuhlola ngesandla, ukubaluleka komatshini wokuhlola umngxuma kuya kucaca ngakumbi.

Ukusetyenziswa komatshini wokuhlola umngxuma ube ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi, umsebenzi kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo kuye kwaphuculwa rhoqo, kwaye iqondo lentsebenziswano kunye nemveliso isondele ngakumbi. Ngokukodwa ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwebhodi yoxinaniso oluphezulu, umatshini wokuhlola umngxuma uye watshintshwa ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwisixhobo esincedisayo sokuqala kwisixhobo esiphambili sokuxhasa. Kutshintsho lwezixhobo zezityalo ezininzi zePCB ezindala kunye nokulungiswa kwezityalo ezitsha, ukuthandwa komatshini wokuvavanya umngxuma kuya kuba ngaphezulu nangaphezulu.