1. Gwajin lantarki

A cikin samar da tsari na Kwamitin PCB, babu makawa sai an samu lahani na wutan lantarki kamar gajeriyar kewayawa, buɗaɗɗen da’ira da ɗigogi saboda abubuwan waje. Bugu da ƙari, PCB yana ci gaba da haɓakawa zuwa girma mai yawa, kyakkyawan filin wasa da matakan da yawa. Idan ba a cire allunan da ba su da lahani cikin lokaci Fitar da su, da ƙyale shi ya shiga cikin tsari, ba makawa zai haifar da ƙarin asarar kuɗi. Sabili da haka, ban da haɓakar sarrafa tsari, haɓaka fasahar gwaji kuma na iya samar da masana’antun PCB da mafita don rage ƙimar ƙi da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa.

A cikin tsarin samar da kayan lantarki, asarar farashin da lalacewa ta haifar yana da digiri daban-daban a kowane mataki. Tun da farko abin da aka gano shi ne, ƙananan farashin gyarawa. “Dokar 10” ana yawan amfani da ita don kimanta farashin gyara lokacin da aka gano PCBs suna da lahani a matakai daban-daban na tsarin masana’antu. Misali, bayan an samar da babur, idan za a iya gano budadden da’irar da ke cikin allon a ainihin lokacin, yawanci kawai sai a gyara layin don inganta lahani, ko kuma a rasa wani allo guda daya; amma idan ba a gano wurin da ke buɗewa ba, jira jirgin da za a aika Lokacin da mai tarawa na ƙasa ya gama shigar da sassan, tin na murhu da IR suna sake narkewa, amma a wannan lokacin an gano cewa an cire haɗin. Mai tarawa gabaɗaya na ƙasa zai nemi kamfanin kera allon babu kowa ya biya diyya na farashin sassa da aiki mai nauyi. , Kudaden dubawa, da dai sauransu. Idan ma ya fi rashin alheri, ba a sami lahani a cikin gwajin na’urar ba, kuma ta shiga cikin tsarin da aka gama, kamar kwamfutoci, wayoyin hannu, sassan mota, da dai sauransu. lokaci, asarar da aka gano ta hanyar gwajin zai zama allon komai a cikin lokaci. Sau dari, sau dubu, ko ma sama da haka. Don haka, don masana’antar PCB, gwajin lantarki shine don gano lahani na aikin kewaye da wuri.

‘Yan wasan ƙasa yawanci suna buƙatar masana’antun PCB don yin gwajin lantarki 100%, don haka za su cimma yarjejeniya da masana’antun PCB kan yanayin gwaji da hanyoyin gwaji. Don haka, duka ɓangarorin biyu za su fara fayyace abubuwa masu zuwa a sarari:

1. Tushen bayanan gwaji da tsari

2. Yanayin gwaji, kamar ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu, rufi da haɗin kai

3. Hanyar samar da kayan aiki da zaɓi

4. Babin gwaji

5. Gyara ƙayyadaddun bayanai

A cikin tsarin masana’antar PCB, akwai matakai guda uku waɗanda dole ne a gwada su:

1. Bayan da ciki Layer ne etched

2. Bayan an ɗora kewayen waje

3. Kammala samfurin

A kowane mataki, yawanci za a sami sau 2 zuwa 3 na gwaji 100%, kuma za a bincika alluna marasa lahani sannan a sake yin aiki. Don haka, tashar gwaji kuma ita ce mafi kyawun tushen tattara bayanai don nazarin matsalolin tsari. Ta hanyar sakamako na ƙididdiga, ana iya samun adadin buɗaɗɗen da’irori, gajerun hanyoyin da sauran matsalolin rufewa. Bayan aiki mai nauyi, za a gudanar da bincike. Bayan an jera bayanan, ana iya amfani da hanyar sarrafa inganci don nemo tushen matsalar.

2. Hanyoyin auna wutar lantarki da kayan aiki

Hanyoyin gwajin lantarki sun haɗa da: Dedicated, Universal Grid, Flying Probe, E-Beam, Conductive Cloth (manne), Capacity And brush test (ATG-SCANMAN), wanda akwai na’urori guda uku da aka fi amfani dasu, wato na’urar gwaji ta musamman, gwajin gabaɗaya. na’ura da injin gwajin gwajin tashi. Don ƙarin fahimtar ayyukan na’urori daban-daban, masu zuwa za su kwatanta halayen manyan na’urori guda uku.

1. Jarabawar sadaukarwa

Gwajin na musamman gwaji ne na musamman saboda na’urar da aka yi amfani da ita (Fixture, kamar farantin allura don gwajin lantarki na allon kewayawa) ya dace da lamba ɗaya kawai, kuma allunan lambobin abubuwa daban-daban ba za a iya gwada su ba. Kuma ba za a iya sake sarrafa ta ba. Dangane da maki gwaji, ana iya gwada rukunin guda ɗaya tsakanin maki 10,240 da maki 8,192 mai fuska biyu kowanne. Dangane da ƙimar gwaji, saboda kauri na shugaban bincike, ya fi dacewa da allon tare da farar ko fiye.

2. Gwajin Grid na Duniya

Babban ka’idar gwajin manufa ta gabaɗaya ita ce, an tsara shimfidar da’irar PCB bisa ga grid. Gabaɗaya, abin da ake kira daɗaɗɗen kewayawa yana nufin nisa na grid, wanda aka bayyana cikin sharuddan farar (wani lokacin kuma ana iya bayyana shi ta ramin rami) ), kuma gwajin gabaɗaya yana dogara ne akan wannan ka’ida. Dangane da matsayi na rami, ana amfani da kayan tushe na G10 azaman abin rufe fuska. Binciken kawai a matsayin rami zai iya wucewa ta abin rufe fuska don gwajin lantarki. Sabili da haka, kera na’urar yana da sauƙi kuma mai sauri, kuma ana iya sake yin amfani da allurar bincike. Gwajin manufa ta gabaɗaya tana da daidaitaccen Grid kafaffen babban farantin allura tare da ma’auni masu yawa. Za a iya yin faranti na allura na bincike mai motsi bisa ga lambobi daban-daban. Lokacin da ake samarwa da yawa, ana iya canza farantin allura mai motsi zuwa samar da taro don lambobi daban-daban. gwadawa.

Bugu da kari, don tabbatar da santsi na tsarin da’ira na hukumar PCB da aka kammala, ya zama dole a yi amfani da babban ƙarfin lantarki (kamar 250V) babban maƙasudin maƙasudin babban mashin ɗin gwajin lantarki don gudanar da gwajin lantarki Buɗaɗɗi / Gajere a kan. allon tare da farantin allura tare da takamaiman lamba. Irin wannan na’ura na gwaji na duniya ana kiranta “Automatic Testing Equipment” (ATE, Kayan Gwaji ta atomatik).

Maƙasudin maƙasudin gwajin gabaɗaya yawanci sun fi maki 10,000, kuma gwajin tare da ƙimar gwaji ko kuma ana kiransa gwajin kan-grid. Idan an yi amfani da shi a kan babban allo mai yawa, ba ya cikin ƙirar kan-grid saboda kusancin tazara, don haka yana cikin kashe-grid Don gwaji, ƙirar dole ne a ƙera ta musamman, da ƙimar gwaji na gama-gari. gwaji yawanci har zuwa QFP.

3. Gwajin binciken Flying Probe

Ka’idar gwajin binciken jirgin sama abu ne mai sauqi qwarai. Yana buƙatar bincike guda biyu kawai don matsar x, y, z don gwada ƙarshen ƙarshen kowane da’ira ɗaya bayan ɗaya, don haka babu buƙatar yin ƙarin jigi masu tsada. Amma saboda gwajin ƙarshen ƙarshen, gwajin gwajin yana da sauri sosai, game da maki 10-40 / s, don haka ya fi dacewa da samfura da ƙananan samar da kayayyaki; dangane da yawan gwaji, ana iya amfani da gwajin gwajin tashi zuwa alluna masu girma sosai.