1. Ukuhlolwa kukagesi

Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye PCB ibhodi, akunakugwenywa ukuthi ukukhubazeka kukagesi njengamasekhethi amafushane, amasekhethi avulekile kanye nokuvuza ngenxa yezici zangaphandle kuzobangelwa nakanjani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PCB iyaqhubeka nokuguqukela ekuminyaneni okuphezulu, iphimbo elihle kanye namazinga amaningi. Uma amabhodi angasebenzi kahle engasuswa ngesikhathi Ukuhlola ukuphuma, futhi ukukuvumela ukuthi kugeleze kunqubo, nakanjani kuzodala ukumosheka kwezindleko ezengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokuthuthukiswa kokulawulwa kwenqubo, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlola kungase futhi kunikeze abakhiqizi be-PCB izixazululo zokunciphisa izinga lokwenqatshwa kanye nokuthuthukisa isivuno somkhiqizo.

Enqubweni yokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, ukulahlekelwa kwezindleko okubangelwa ukukhubazeka kunamadigri ahlukene esigabeni ngasinye. Uma ukutholwa kungaphambi kwesikhathi, izindleko zokulungisa ziyancipha. “Umthetho we-10’s” uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola izindleko zokulungisa lapho ama-PCB etholakala enamaphutha ezigabeni ezihlukene zenqubo yokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ngemuva kokukhiqizwa kwebhodi elingenalutho, uma isifunda esivulekile ebhodini singabonwa ngesikhathi sangempela, ngokuvamile sidinga kuphela ukulungisa umugqa ukuze kuthuthukiswe iphutha, noma okungenani ibhodi elilodwa elingenalutho lilahlekile; kodwa uma isifunda esivulekile singatholakali, linda ukuthi ibhodi lithunyelwe Lapho umhlanganisi ongezansi eqeda ukufakwa kwezingxenye, i-tin yesithando somlilo kanye ne-IR iyancibilika, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi kutholakala ukuthi isifunda sinqanyuliwe. Umhlanganisi ojwayelekile ongaphansi komfula uzocela inkampani ekhiqiza amabhodi angenalutho ukuthi inxephezele izindleko zezingxenye kanye nomsebenzi onzima. , Izimali zokuhlola, njll. Uma kuyishwa nakakhulu, ibhodi elinesici alikatholakali ekuhlolweni kwe-assembler, futhi lingena kulo lonke uhlelo oluqediwe lomkhiqizo, njengamakhompyutha, omakhalekhukhwini, izingxenye zezimoto, njll. isikhathi, ukulahlekelwa okutholwe ukuhlolwa kuyoba ibhodi elingenalutho ngesikhathi. Izikhathi eziyikhulu, izikhathi eziyinkulungwane, noma ngaphezulu kwalokho. Ngakho-ke, embonini ye-PCB, ukuhlolwa kukagesi okokubona kusenesikhathi ukukhubazeka kokusebenza kwesekethe.

Abadlali abaphansi ngokuvamile badinga abakhiqizi be-PCB ukuthi benze ukuhlola kukagesi okungu-100%, ngakho-ke bazofinyelela isivumelwano nabakhiqizi be-PCB ngezimo zokuhlola nezindlela zokuhlola. Ngakho-ke, izinhlangothi zombili zizoqale zichaze ngokucacile izinto ezilandelayo:

1. Umthombo wedatha yokuhlola nefomethi

2. Izimo zokuhlola, ezifana ne-voltage, i-current, insulation kanye nokuxhumana

3. Indlela yokukhiqiza imishini nokukhetha

4. Isahluko sokuhlola

5. Ukucaciswa kokulungisa

Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-PCB, kunezigaba ezintathu okufanele zihlolwe:

1. Ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba lwangaphakathi luqoshwe

2. Ngemuva kokuthi umjikelezo wangaphandle uqoshwe

3. Umkhiqizo oqediwe

Esigabeni ngasinye, ngokuvamile kuzoba nezikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 zokuhlola okungu-100%, futhi amabhodi angenasici azohlolwa bese esetshenzwa kabusha. Ngakho-ke, isiteshi sokuhlola siwumthombo ongcono kakhulu wokuqoqwa kwedatha yokuhlaziya izinkinga zenqubo. Ngemiphumela yezibalo, iphesenti lamasekhethi avuliwe, amasekhethi amafushane kanye nezinye izinkinga zokufakelwa kungatholakala. Ngemuva komsebenzi onzima, ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa. Ngemuva kokuthi idatha isihlungiwe, indlela yokulawula ikhwalithi ingasetshenziswa ukuthola Ukuxazulula umsuka wenkinga.

2. Izindlela zokulinganisa zikagesi kanye nemishini

Izindlela zokuhlola zikagesi zihlanganisa: Ezinikezelwe, Igridi Yomhlaba Wonke, I-Flying Probe, I-E-Beam, Indwangu Yokushayela (Iglue), Ukuhlolwa Kwekhono Nebhulashi (ATG-SCANMAN), okukhona kuyo imishini emithathu esetshenziswa kakhulu, okungumshini wokuhlola okhethekile, ukuhlolwa okuvamile. umshini nomshini wokuhlola ondizayo. Ukuze uqonde kangcono imisebenzi yamadivaysi ahlukahlukene, okulandelayo kuzoqhathanisa izici zamadivayisi amathathu amakhulu.

1. Ukuhlolwa okuzinikele

Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kuwukuhlola okukhethekile ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi into esetshenziswayo (Ukulungiswa, njengepuleti yenaliti lokuhlola ugesi webhodi lesekethe) ifanele inombolo eyodwa yezinto ezibonakalayo kuphela, futhi amabhodi anezinombolo zezinto ezibonakalayo awakwazi ukuhlolwa. Futhi ayikwazi ukugaywa kabusha. Ngokwamaphuzu okuhlola, iphaneli eyodwa ingahlolwa ngaphakathi kwamaphuzu ayi-10,240 kanye namaphoyinti angama-8,192 anezinhlangothi ezimbili ngalinye. Ngokuphathelene nobuningi bokuhlola, ngenxa yobukhulu bekhanda le-probe, lifaneleka kakhulu ebhodini eline-pitch noma ngaphezulu.

2. Ukuhlolwa kweGridi Yomhlaba Wonke

Umgomo oyisisekelo wokuhlolwa kwenhloso ejwayelekile ukuthi ukwakheka kwesekethe ye-PCB yakhelwe ngokuya ngegridi. Ngokuvamile, okuthiwa ubuningi besifunda bubhekisela ebangeni legridi, elivezwa ngokwemigomo ye-pitch (ngezinye izikhathi kungase futhi kuvezwe ngobuningi bembobo) ), futhi ukuhlolwa okuvamile kusekelwe kulesi simiso. Ngokwendawo yembobo, isisekelo se-G10 sisetshenziswa njengemaski. I-probe kuphela endaweni yembobo engadlula kumaski ukuze kuhlolwe ugesi. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwe-fixture kulula futhi kuyashesha, futhi i-probe Inaliti ingasetshenziswa kabusha. Ukuhlolwa kwenjongo evamile kuneGridi egxilile yesipuleti senaliti esikhulu esinamaphoyinti okulinganisa amaningi kakhulu. Amapuleti yenaliti e-probe ehambayo angenziwa ngokwezinombolo zezinto ezihlukene. Lapho kukhiqizwa ngobuningi, ipuleti yenaliti eligudlukayo lingashintshwa libe ngobuningi bezinombolo zezinto ezibonakalayo. test.

Ukwengeza, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukushelela kwesistimu yesekethe yebhodi le-PCB eqediwe, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe umshini onamandla kagesi aphezulu (ofana no-250V) onamaphoyinti amaningi okuhlola ugesi wezinhloso eziningi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kukagesi okuVulekile/Okufushane ibhodi elinepuleti yenaliti elinokuxhumana okuthile. Lolu hlobo lomshini wokuhlola indawo yonke lubizwa ngokuthi “Isisetshenziswa Sokuhlola Okuzenzakalelayo” (ATE, Isisetshenziswa Sokuhlola Okuzenzakalelayo).

Amaphuzu okuhlola inhloso evamile ngokuvamile angaphezu kwamaphoyinti angu-10,000, futhi uhlolo olunobuningi bokuhlola noma lubizwa ngokuthi i-on-grid test. Uma isetshenziswa ebhodini elinomthamo omkhulu, ingaphandle kwedizayini yegridi ngenxa yesikhala esiseduze kakhulu, ngakho ingeye-off-grid Ukuze kuhlolwe, into elungiswayo kufanele iklanywe ngokukhethekile, kanye nokuminyana kokuhlola kwenhloso evamile. ukuhlola kuvame ukufika ku-QFP.

3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Flying Probe

Umgomo wokuhlolwa kwe-flying probe ulula kakhulu. Idinga kuphela ama-probe amabili ukuhambisa u-x, y, z ukuhlola amaphuzu amabili okugcina wesekethe ngayinye ngayinye, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwenza amajigi abizayo engeziwe. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi isivivinyo sephuzu lokuphela, isivinini sokuhlola sihamba kancane, cishe amaphuzu angu-10-40/sec, ngakho sifaneleka kakhulu kumasampuli nokukhiqizwa kwezinga elincane; mayelana nokuminyana kokuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-flying probe kungasetshenziswa kumabhodi anomthamo omkhulu kakhulu.