PCB Matsalolin da’ira da gajerun hanyoyi ne matsalolin da masana’antun PCB ke fuskanta kusan kowace rana. An addabar su ta hanyar samarwa da ma’aikatan gudanarwa masu inganci, wanda ke haifar da rashin isassun kayayyaki da sake cikawa, yana shafar isar da saƙon kan lokaci, yana haifar da gunaguni na abokan ciniki, kuma yana da wahala ga mutane a cikin masana’antar. warware matsalar.

Da farko mun taƙaita manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da da’ira na PCB zuwa cikin abubuwan da suka biyo baya (nazarin zane na kashin kifi)

Bude zane-zane na nazarin kasusuwan kifi

Dalilan abubuwan da suka faru a sama da hanyoyin ingantawa an jera su kamar haka:

1. Bude da’ira lalacewa ta hanyar fallasa substrate

1. Akwai karce kafin a saka lamintin tagulla a cikin sito;

2. An lalata laminate tagulla a lokacin yankan;

3. An lalata laminate na jan karfe ta hanyar rawar soja a lokacin hakowa;

4. An lalata laminate tagulla a lokacin canja wuri;

5. Rufin tagulla a saman ya fashe saboda rashin aiki mara kyau lokacin da aka tattara allunan bayan nutsewar tagulla;

6. Rufin tagulla a saman allon samarwa yana ƙunshe da lokacin da ya wuce ta cikin injin daidaitawa;

Inganta hanyoyin

1. IQC dole ne ta gudanar da bincike na bazuwar kafin laminat ɗin tagulla ta shiga cikin sito don bincika ko an goge saman allon kuma an fallasa kayan tushe. Idan haka ne, tuntuɓi mai kaya a cikin lokaci, kuma yin magani mai dacewa bisa ga ainihin halin da ake ciki.

2. An lalata laminate na jan karfe a lokacin budewa. Babban dalili shi ne cewa akwai abubuwa masu kaifi a kan teburin mabudin. Lamintin da aka yi da jan karfe da kaifi da abubuwa suna shafa kan kaifi abubuwa yayin aikin buɗewa, wanda ke haifar da zazzage foil ɗin tagulla kuma ya zama sabon abu na abin da aka fallasa. Dole ne a tsaftace teburin a hankali kafin yanke don tabbatar da cewa teburin ya kasance mai santsi kuma ba tare da abubuwa masu wuya da kaifi ba.

3. Tushen da aka yi da tagulla an toshe shi ta hanyar bututun hakowa yayin hakowa. Babban dalili kuwa shi ne, bututun mai dunƙulewa, ko kuma akwai tarkace a cikin bututun da ba a tsaftace shi ba, kuma bututun mai ba a ƙwace sosai ba, kuma bututun ɗin bai kai sama ba. Tsawon bututun bututun ya ɗan ɗan tsayi, kuma tsayin ɗagawa bai isa ba lokacin hakowa. Lokacin da na’ura ta motsa, bututun bututun ya zazzage foil ɗin tagulla kuma ya haifar da yanayin fallasa kayan tushe.

a. Ana iya maye gurbin chuck ta adadin lokutan da aka rubuta ta wuka ko bisa ga matakin lalacewa na chuck;

b. Tsaftace chuck akai-akai bisa ga ka’idojin aiki don tabbatar da cewa babu tarkace a cikin chuck.

4. Wankewa saboda rashin aikin da bai dace ba bayan nitsewar tagulla da cikakken farantin lantarki: Lokacin adana alluna bayan nutsewar tagulla ko kuma cikakken farantin lantarki, nauyin ba ya da sauƙi idan aka tara faranti sannan a ajiye shi. , Ƙaƙwalwar jirgi yana ƙasa kuma akwai haɓakar haɓakawa, samar da ƙarfin tasiri mai karfi don buga saman jirgi, yana haifar da farfajiyar jirgi don tayar da ma’aunin da aka fallasa.

5. The samar hukumar da aka karce a lokacin da wucewa ta cikin leveling inji:

a. Baffar injin niƙan farantin wani lokaci yana taɓa saman allo, kuma gefen baffle ɗin ba daidai ba ne kuma abin yana ɗagawa, kuma a kan zazzage saman allo yayin wucewar allo;

b. Tushen tuƙi na bakin karfe yana lalacewa zuwa wani abu mai kaifi, kuma ana yayyafa saman jan karfe lokacin wucewa da allo kuma an fallasa kayan tushe.

Don taƙaitawa, don abin da ya faru na ƙwanƙwasa da fallasa substrate bayan nutsewar tagulla, yana da sauƙi a yanke hukunci idan layin ya bayyana a cikin nau’i na buɗaɗɗen kewayawa ko layin layi; idan shi ne scratching da fallasa substrate kafin jan karfe nutse, yana da sauki yin hukunci. Lokacin da yake kan layi, bayan an nutsar da tagulla, sai a ajiye wani Layer na tagulla, kuma kaurin tagulla na layin yana raguwa. Yana da wahala a iya gano gwajin buɗewa da gajeriyar kewayawa daga baya, ta yadda abokin ciniki bazai iya jure shi da yawa yayin amfani da shi ba. Da’irar da aka ƙone saboda high halin yanzu, m ingancin matsalolin da sakamakon tattalin arziki asarar ne quite manyan.

Biyu, buɗaɗɗen da ba a buɗe ba

1. Immersion jan ƙarfe ba shi da ƙura;

2. Akwai mai a cikin ramin da zai sa ya zama mara fashe;

3. Matsanancin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta yana haifar da rashin porosity;

4. Rashin wutar lantarki yana haifar da rashin lalacewa;

5. Ramin haƙa ya kone ko kura ta toshe ramin don haifar da rashin lamuni;

Ingantawa

1. Immersion tagulla ba shi da ƙura:

a. Porosity lalacewa ta hanyar pore modifier: yana faruwa saboda rashin daidaituwa ko gazawar sinadari na mai gyara pore. Ayyukan gyare-gyare na pore shine daidaita kayan lantarki na kayan da aka rufe akan bangon pore don sauƙaƙe adsorption na palladium ions na gaba da kuma tabbatar da sinadarai An cika murfin jan karfe. Idan sinadarin sinadarin porogen bai daidaita ba ko ya kasa, zai kai ga rashin porosity.

b. Mai kunnawa: manyan sinadaran sune pd, Organic acid, ion mai ban mamaki da chloride. Don saka palladium na karfe daidai a kan bangon ramin, ya zama dole don sarrafa sigogi daban-daban don biyan bukatun. Dauki mai kunnawa na yanzu a matsayin misali:

① Ana sarrafa zafin jiki a 35-44 ° C. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya yi ƙasa, yawan ƙwayar palladium bai isa ba, yana haifar da rashin cikar sinadarai na jan karfe; lokacin da zafin jiki ya yi girma, abin da ya faru yana da sauri kuma farashin kayan yana ƙaruwa.

② Ƙaddamar da hankali da sarrafa launi shine 80% -100%. Idan maida hankali ya yi ƙasa, yawan adadin palladium da aka ajiye akan shi bai isa ba.

Rukunin jan ƙarfe na sinadarai bai cika ba; mafi girman ƙaddamarwa, mafi girman farashin kayan abu saboda saurin gaggawa.

c. Accelerator: Babban bangaren shine Organic acid, wanda ake amfani dashi don cire abubuwan ban mamaki da ion chloride da aka tallata akan bangon pore, yana fallasa nau’in palladium na catalytic don halayen na gaba. Na’urar hanzarin da muke amfani da ita yanzu yana da ƙwayar sinadarai na 0.35-0.50N. Idan maida hankali ya yi yawa, za a cire palladium na ƙarfe, wanda zai haifar da rashin cikar sinadari na jan karfe. Idan maida hankali ya yi ƙasa, sakamakon cire abubuwan ban mamaki da chloride ion mahadi da aka tallata a kan bangon pore ba shi da kyau, yana haifar da ƙarancin sinadarai na jan karfe.

2. Akwai jikakken man fim da ya rage a cikin ramin yana haifar da rashin porosity:

a. Lokacin da ake buga rigar fim ɗin allo, buga allo sannan a goge kasan allon sau ɗaya don tabbatar da cewa babu tarin mai a ƙasan allon, kuma ba za a sami sauran rijiyar mai ba a cikin rami a yanayin al’ada.

b. Ana amfani da allon 68-77T don buga allon fim ɗin rigar. Idan an yi amfani da allon da ba daidai ba, irin su ≤51T, rigar fim din mai zai iya shiga cikin rami, kuma man da ke cikin ramin bazai haɓaka da tsabta ba yayin ci gaba. A wasu lokuta, ba za a yi tantin karfen ba, wanda zai haifar da rashin lalacewa. Idan raga yana da girma, yana yiwuwa saboda rashin kauri na tawada, fim ɗin anti-coating ya karye ta hanyar halin yanzu a lokacin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki, yana haifar da maki da yawa na ƙarfe tsakanin da’irori ko ma gajerun hanyoyi.

Uku, kafaffen matsayi bude kewaye

1. Buɗaɗɗen da’irar da aka haifar ta hanyar karce akan layin fim ɗin gaba;

2. Akwai trachoma akan layin fim akasin haka yana haifar da buɗaɗɗen kewayawa;

Inganta hanyoyin

1. Scratches a kan layi na fim ɗin daidaitawa yana haifar da buɗewar kewayawa, kuma an shafe fuskar fim ɗin a kan allon allon ko datti don tayar da layin fim ɗin, yana haifar da watsa haske. Bayan haɓakawa, layin fim ɗin kuma an rufe shi da tawada, yana haifar da electroplating Lokacin da yake tsayayya da plating, kewayawa yana lalacewa kuma yana buɗewa yayin etching.

2. Akwai trachoma a layin fuskar fim yayin daidaitawa, kuma layin trachoma na fim din har yanzu ana rufe shi da tawada bayan an bunkasa shi, wanda ke haifar da anti-plating a lokacin da ake sanya wutar lantarki, kuma layin yana lalacewa kuma yana buɗewa yayin fitar.

Hudu, anti-plating bude kewaye

1. Fim ɗin busassun ya karye kuma an haɗa shi da kewaye yayin haɓakawa, yana haifar da buɗewa;

2. An haɗa tawada zuwa saman kewaye don haifar da budewa;

Inganta hanyoyin

1. Buɗe da’ira wanda ya haifar da busassun fim ɗin da aka haɗe zuwa layin:

a. “Ramukan hakowa” da “ramukan buga allo” a gefen fim ko fim ɗin ba a rufe su da tef ɗin toshe haske gaba ɗaya. Fim ɗin busassun a gefen allon yana warkewa ta hanyar haske a lokacin bayyanarwa kuma ya zama fim mai bushe yayin ci gaba. Ana jefa ɓangarorin a cikin mai haɓakawa ko tankin wanka na ruwa, kuma busassun fim ɗin busassun suna manne da da’irar da ke kan allon allo yayin wucewar jirgi na gaba. Suna da juriya ga plating lokacin lantarki kuma suna samar da fili mai buɗewa bayan an cire fim ɗin kuma an cire su.

b. Ramukan da ba ƙarfe ba wanda aka rufe da busasshen fim. A lokacin haɓakawa, saboda matsananciyar matsa lamba ko ƙarancin mannewa, busasshen fim ɗin da aka rufe a cikin rami ya karye cikin gutsuttsura kuma a jefa shi cikin mai haɓakawa ko tankin wanka na ruwa. Busassun ɓangarorin fim ɗin suna haɗe da kewayawa, wanda ke da juriya ga sakawa yayin sanya wutar lantarki, kuma yana buɗe da’irar buɗewa bayan an cire fim ɗin kuma an cire shi.

2. Akwai tawada da aka haɗe a saman kewaye don haifar da buɗewa. Babban dalili shi ne, ba a riga an toya tawada ba ko kuma adadin tawada a cikin maginin ya yi yawa. An haɗa shi da layi a lokacin wucewar jirgi na gaba, kuma yana da tsayayya ga plating a lokacin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki, kuma an kafa wani wuri mai budewa bayan an cire fim din kuma an cire shi.