PCB kutsegulira madera ndi mabwalo amfupi ndizovuta zomwe opanga PCB amakumana nazo pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Iwo akhala akuvutitsidwa ndi kupanga ndi ogwira ntchito yoyang’anira khalidwe labwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asatumizidwe mokwanira ndi kubwezeretsanso, zomwe zimakhudza kutumiza pa nthawi yake, zomwe zimayambitsa madandaulo a makasitomala, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa anthu ogwira ntchito. vuto linathetsedwa.

Choyamba timafotokozera mwachidule zomwe zimayambitsa kutseguka kwa PCB m’magawo otsatirawa (kusanthula chithunzi cha fishbone)

Tsegulani chithunzi chowunikira fishbone

Zifukwa za zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi njira zowonjezera zalembedwa motere:

1. Tsegulani dera chifukwa cha gawo lapansi lowonekera

1. Pamakhala zokopa pamaso pa laminate yovala zamkuwa isanalowe m’nyumba yosungiramo katundu;

2. The copper clad laminate is scratched during the cutting process;

3. Chovala chamkuwa chimakankhidwa ndi nsonga ya kubowola panthawi yoboola;

4. The copper clad laminate is scratched during the transfer process;

5. The zojambulazo mkuwa pamwamba anali bumped chifukwa ntchito molakwika pamene stacking matabwa pambuyo kumira mkuwa;

6. Chojambula chamkuwa chomwe chili pamwamba pa bolodi lopangira zinthu chimakanda pamene chikudutsa pamakina owongolera;

Limbikitsani njira

1. IQC iyenera kuyang’anitsitsa mwachisawawa ma laminates ovala zamkuwa asanayambe kulowa m’nyumba yosungiramo katundu kuti ayang’ane ngati pamwamba pa bolodi likuphwanyidwa ndikuwonekera kuzinthu zapansi. Ngati ndi choncho, funsani wothandizira katunduyo panthawi yake, ndipo perekani chithandizo choyenera malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.

2. Laminate ya mkuwa imadulidwa panthawi yotsegulira. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti patebulo la chotsegulira pali zinthu zolimba zakuthwa. Chovala chamkuwa chokhala ndi laminate ndi zinthu zakuthwa zimapaka zinthu zakuthwa panthawi yotsegulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zojambulazo zamkuwa ziwonongeke ndikupanga chodabwitsa cha gawo lapansi lowonekera. Tebulo liyenera kutsukidwa mosamala musanadulire kuti tebulo liri losalala komanso lopanda zinthu zolimba komanso zakuthwa.

3. Chovala chamkuwa cha laminate chimakandidwa ndi bowolo pobowola. Chifukwa chachikulu chinali chakuti mphuno ya spindle clamp inali itavala, kapena panali zinyalala mu botolo lachitsulo lomwe silinatsukidwe, ndipo phokoso la kubowola silinagwire bwino, ndipo phokoso la kubowola silinafike pamwamba. Kutalika kwa bomba la kubowola ndiutali pang’ono, ndipo kutalika kokweza sikokwanira pobowola. Chida cha makina chikasuntha, bowolo limakanda chojambula chamkuwa ndikupanga chodabwitsa chowululira zinthu zoyambira.

a. Chuck ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi zolembedwa ndi mpeni kapena malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuvala kwa chuck;

b. Tsukani chuck nthawi zonse molingana ndi malamulo oyendetsera ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti mulibe zinyalala mu chuck.

4. Kukandwa chifukwa cha opareshoni molakwika pambuyo mkuwa kumira ndi zonse mbale electroplating: Pamene kusunga matabwa pambuyo mkuwa kumira kapena mbale zonse electroplating, kulemera si kuwala pamene mbale zakhala zikuunikidwa pamodzi ndiyeno kuika pansi. , Mbali ya bolodi ndi yotsika ndipo pali mphamvu yokoka, yomwe imapanga mphamvu yamphamvu kuti igunde pamwamba pa bolodi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gululo liwononge gawo lapansi.

5. Bolodi yopangira imakanda ikadutsa pamakina owongolera:

a. Chisokonezo cha chopukusira mbale nthawi zina chimakhudza pamwamba pa bolodi, ndipo m’mphepete mwa chopukutiracho chimakhala chosagwirizana ndipo chinthucho chimakwezedwa, ndipo pamwamba pa bolodi imakanda pamene ikudutsa bolodi;

b. Chitsulo chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimawonongeka kukhala chinthu chakuthwa, ndipo pamwamba pa mkuwa amawombera pamene akudutsa bolodi ndipo zinthu zoyambira zimawonekera.

Kufotokozera mwachidule, chifukwa cha zochitika za kukanda ndi kuwonetsa gawo lapansi pambuyo pomira mkuwa, n’zosavuta kuweruza ngati mzerewo ukuwonetseredwa mwa mawonekedwe a dera lotseguka kapena kusiyana kwa mzere; ngati ndi kukanda ndi poyera gawo lapansi lisanamire mkuwa, ndikosavuta kuweruza. Pamene ili pamzere, mkuwa utatha kumizidwa, mkuwa umayikidwa, ndipo makulidwe a zojambula zamkuwa za mzerewo mwachiwonekere amachepetsedwa. Zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira kuyezetsa kotseguka ndi kwafupipafupi pambuyo pake, kotero kuti kasitomala sangathe kupirira kwambiri akamagwiritsa ntchito. Derali limawotchedwa chifukwa chapamwamba kwambiri, zovuta zomwe zingachitike komanso kuwonongeka kwachuma komwe kumabwera ndikwambiri.

Awiri, osatsegula porous

1. Mkuwa womiza umakhala wopanda pobowo;

2. Mbowo muli mafuta oti akhale opanda pobowo;

3. Kuchuluka kwa micro-etching kumayambitsa kusakhala ndi porosity;

4. Electroplating yolakwika imayambitsa zopanda porous;

5. Drill hole burned or dust plugged the hole to cause non-porous;

Zosintha

1. Mkuwa womiza sukhala pobowo:

a. Poresity yoyambitsidwa ndi pore modifier: ndi chifukwa cha kusalinganika kapena kulephera kwa ndende ya mankhwala a pore modifier. Ntchito ya pore modifier ndikusintha mphamvu zamagetsi za gawo lapansi lotsekereza pakhoma la pore kuti zithandizire kutsatsa kwapalladium ion ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mankhwala Kuphimba mkuwa kwatha. Ngati mankhwala ndende ya porogen ndi wosalinganizika kapena kulephera, izo zimabweretsa sanali porosity.

b. Activator: Zosakaniza zazikulu ndi pd, organic acid, stannous ion ndi chloride. Kuti muyike zitsulo palladium mofanana pa khoma la dzenje, m’pofunika kulamulira magawo osiyanasiyana kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira. Tengani choyambitsa chapano monga chitsanzo:

① Kutentha kumayendetsedwa pa 35-44 ° C. Pamene kutentha ndi otsika, kachulukidwe wa mafunsidwe palladium sikokwanira, chifukwa chosakwanira mankhwala mkuwa Kuphunzira; pamene kutentha kuli kwakukulu, zomwe zimachitika mofulumira kwambiri ndipo mtengo wazinthu ukuwonjezeka.

② Kuwongolera ndi colorimetric control ndi 80% -100%. Ngati ndendeyo ili yochepa, kachulukidwe wa palladium woyikidwapo sikokwanira.

The mankhwala mkuwa Kuphunzira si wathunthu; kuchulukirachulukira, kumakwera mtengo wazinthu chifukwa chakuchitapo kanthu mwachangu.

c. Accelerator: Chigawo chachikulu ndi organic acid, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa stannous ndi chloride ion ion mankhwala omwe amalowa pakhoma la pore, kuwonetsa chitsulo chothandizira palladium pazochitika zina. Accelerator yomwe tikugwiritsa ntchito tsopano ili ndi mankhwala a 0.35-0.50N. Ngati ndende ndi mkulu, zitsulo palladium adzachotsedwa, kuchititsa chosakwanira mankhwala mkuwa Kuphunzira. Ngati ndende ndi otsika, zotsatira za kuchotsa stannous ndi chloride ayoni mankhwala adsorbed pa khoma pore si zabwino, chifukwa chosakwanira mankhwala mkuwa Kuphunzira.

2. Pali mafuta afilimu onyowa omwe atsala mu dzenje omwe amachititsa kuti asawonongeke:

a. Pamene zenera kusindikiza chonyowa filimu, sindikizani bolodi ndi kupala pansi chophimba kamodzi kuonetsetsa kuti palibe kudzikundikira mafuta pansi pa zenera, ndipo sipadzakhala yotsalira yonyowa filimu mafuta mu dzenje mu nthawi bwinobwino.

b. Chophimba cha 68-77T chimagwiritsidwa ntchito posindikiza filimu yonyowa. Ngati chinsalu cholakwika chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga ≤51T, mafuta afilimu onyowa amatha kulowa mu dzenje, ndipo mafuta omwe ali mu dzenje sangapangidwe bwino panthawi ya chitukuko. Nthawi zina, chitsulo chosanjikiza sichidzatsekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zopanda porous. Ngati mauna ndi okwera, ndizotheka kuti chifukwa cha makulidwe a inki osakwanira, filimu yotsutsana ndi zokutira imathyoledwa ndipano panthawi ya electroplating, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitsulo zambiri zikhale pakati pa mabwalo kapena mabwalo ang’onoang’ono.

Katatu, malo okhazikika otseguka

1. Dongosolo lotseguka lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi zokopa pamzere wotsutsana wa kanema;

2. Pali trachoma pamzere wina wa filimu womwe umayambitsa kuzungulira kotseguka;

Limbikitsani njira

1. Zing’onozing’ono pa mzere wa filimuyo zimapangitsa kuti filimuyo ikhale yotseguka, ndipo filimuyo imayikidwa pamwamba pa bolodi kapena zinyalala kuti ziwononge mzere wa filimuyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwala kuwonongeke. Pambuyo pa chitukuko, mzere wa filimuyi umaphimbidwanso ndi inki, kuchititsa electroplating Pamene kukana plating, dera likuphwanyidwa ndi kutsegulidwa pa etching.

2. Pali trachoma pamzere wa filimuyi panthawi yogwirizanitsa, ndipo mzere wa trachoma wa filimuyo udakali wophimbidwa ndi inki pambuyo pa chitukuko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale anti-plating panthawi ya electroplating, ndipo mzerewo umaphwanyidwa ndikutsegulidwa panthawi ya etching.

Zinayi, anti-plating open circuit

1. Filimu yowuma imathyoledwa ndikumangirizidwa ku dera panthawi ya chitukuko, kuchititsa dera lotseguka;

2. Inki imamangiriridwa pamwamba pa dera kuti ipangitse kuzungulira kotseguka;

Limbikitsani njira

1. Tsegulani dera loyambitsidwa ndi filimu yowuma yosweka yolumikizidwa pamzere:

a. “Mabowo obowola” ndi “mabowo osindikizira” pamphepete mwa filimu kapena filimu samasindikizidwa kwathunthu ndi tepi yotchinga kuwala. Filimu yowuma pamphepete mwa bolodi imachiritsidwa ndi kuwala panthawi yowonekera ndipo imakhala filimu yowuma panthawi ya chitukuko. Zidutswazo zimaponyedwa mu makina opangira kapena ochapira madzi, ndipo zidutswa za filimu zowuma zimatsatira dera pa bolodi pamtunda wotsatira. Amalimbana ndi plating panthawi ya electroplating ndikupanga dera lotseguka filimuyo ikachotsedwa ndikukhazikika.

b. Mabowo osakhala ndi zitsulo ophimbidwa ndi filimu youma. Panthawi yachitukuko, chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwakukulu kapena kusamamatika kosakwanira, filimu yowuma yophimba m’dzenje imathyoledwa ndikuponyedwa muzitsulo kapena thanki yotsuka madzi. Zidutswa za filimu zowuma zimamangiriridwa ku dera, zomwe zimagonjetsedwa ndi plating panthawi ya electroplating, ndipo zimapanga dera lotseguka filimuyo ikachotsedwa ndikukhazikika.

2. Pali inki yolumikizidwa pamwamba pa dera kuti ipangitse kuzungulira kotseguka. Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti inkiyo sinaphikidwe kale kapena kuchuluka kwa inki mu wopangayo ndikwambiri. Imangiriridwa pamzere panthawi ya bolodi yotsatila, ndipo imagonjetsedwa ndi plating panthawi ya electroplating, ndipo dera lotseguka limapangidwa pambuyo pochotsa filimuyo ndikuyika.