PCB kuvhurwa kwedunhu uye mapfupi maseketi matambudziko anosangana nevagadziri vePCB anenge mazuva ese. Vakatambudzwa nekugadzirwa uye vashandi vehutano hwehutano, zvichiita kuti kusakwana kwekutakura uye kuzadzazve, kunokanganisa kutakura-nguva, kukonzera kunyunyuta kwevatengi, uye zvakanyanya kuoma kune vanhu vari mumhizha. dambudziko rakagadziriswa.

Isu tinotanga kupfupikisa zvikonzero zvikuru zvePCB yakavhurika dunhu mune zvinotevera zvinhu (fishbone diagram analysis)

Vhura dunhu rekuongorora fishbone diagram

Zvikonzero zvechiitiko chiri pamusoro uye nzira dzekuvandudza zvakanyorwa sezvizvi:

1. Vhura dunhu rinokonzerwa neyakavhurika substrate

1. Pane mavanga pamberi pemhangura clad laminate yaiswa mudura;

2. The copper clad laminate is scratched during the cutting process;

3. Iyo copper clad laminate inokweshwa ne drill tip panguva yekuchera;

4. The copper clad laminate is scratched during the transfer process;

5. Iyo foil yemhangura pamusoro yakabhurwa nekuda kwekushanda zvisina kunaka pakurongedza mapuranga mushure mekunyura kwemhangura;

6. Iyo foil yemhangura pamusoro pebhodhi rekugadzira inokweshwa kana ichipfuura nemuchina wekuenzanisa;

Vandudza nzira

1. IQC inofanira kuita zvinongororwa zvisinganzwisisiki pamberi pemhangura yakapfeka laminates inopinda muimba yekuchengetera kuti ione kana nzvimbo yebhodhi yakavharwa uye yakasvibiswa kune zvinyorwa zvepasi. Kana zvakadaro, taura nemutengesi nenguva, uye ita kurapwa kwakakodzera maererano nemamiriro chaiwo.

2. Mhangura yakapfeka laminate inokweshwa panguva yekuvhura nzira. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti pane zvinhu zvakaoma zvakapinza patafura yemuvhuri. Iyo copper clad laminate uye zvinhu zvinopinza zvinokwesha pamusoro pezvinhu zvinopinza panguva yekuvhura, izvo zvinoita kuti foil yemhangura ikwekwe uye igadzire chiitiko cheyakavhurika substrate. Tafura inofanira kucheneswa zvakanyatsonaka isati yachekwa kuti ive nechokwadi chokuti tafura yacho yakatsetseka uye isina zvinhu zvakaoma uye zvinopinza.

3. Iyo copper clad laminate yakakweshwa nemuromo wekuboora panguva yekuchera. Chikonzero chikuru chaive chekuti mhino yesimbi yakapfekwa, kana kuti maive nemarara mumuromo wesimbi isina kucheneswa, uye chibooreso chaive chisina kubatwa zvakasimba, uye chibooreso chaive chisina kusvika kumusoro. Kureba kwechibooreso chebhurosi kwakareba zvishoma, uye kureba kwekusimudza hakuna kukwana pakuchera. Kana mudziyo wemuchina ukafamba, chibooreso chinokwenya foil yemhangura uye inoumba chiitiko chekufumura hwaro zvinhu.

a. Iyo chuck inogona kutsiviwa nenhamba yenguva dzakanyorwa nebanga kana maererano nedhigirii yekupfeka kwechuck;

b. Chenesa chuck nguva dzose maererano nemitemo yekushanda kuti uone kuti hapana marara muchuck.

4. Yakakweshwa nekuda kwekushanda zvisina kunaka mushure mekunyura kwemhangura uye yakazara ndiro electroplating: Paunenge uchichengeta mapuranga mushure mekunyura kwemhangura kana yakazara ndiro electroplating, uremu hausi kujeka kana mahwendefa akaturikidzana obva aiswa pasi. , Kona yebhodhi iri pasi uye kune kukurumidza kwegiravhiti, kuumba simba rakasimba rekuita kuti rirove pamusoro pebhodhi, zvichiita kuti bhodhi yepamusoro ikwenye substrate yakaonekwa.

5. Bhodhi rekugadzira rinokweshwa kana richipfuura nemuchina wekuenzanisa:

a. Iyo baffle yeplate grinder dzimwe nguva inobata pamusoro pebhodhi, uye mupendero webhanhire hauna kuenzana uye chinhu chinosimudzwa, uye pamusoro pebhodhi rinoputika kana richipfuura bhodhi;

b. Stainless simbi drive shaft yakakuvadzwa kuita chinhu chakapinza, uye iyo mhangura yemhangura inokweshwa kana ichipfuura bhodhi uye hwaro zvinhu zvinoburitswa.

Kupfupisa, nekuda kwechiitiko chekukwenya uye kuburitsa substrate mushure mekunyura kwemhangura, zviri nyore kutonga kana mutsara uchiratidzwa nenzira yekuvhurika redunhu kana mutsara gap; kana kuri kukwenya uye kuburitsa substrate mhangura isati yanyura, zviri nyore kutonga. Kana iri pamutsara, mushure mokunge mhangura yanyura, chidimbu chemhangura chinoiswa, uye kukora kwemhangura yemhangura yemutsara zviri pachena kuderedzwa. Zvakaoma kuona iyo yakavhurika uye pfupi yedunhu bvunzo gare gare, kuitira kuti mutengi asakwanise kutsungirira zvakanyanya kana achiishandisa. Dunhu rinopiswa nekuda kweiyo yakakwira ikozvino, iyo inogona kuitika yemhando matambudziko uye inokonzeresa kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kwakakura kwazvo.

Mbiri, isina-porous kuvhura

1. Mhangura yekunyudza haina porous;

2. Mugomba mune mafuta kuti risaite porous;

3. Kuwedzeredza micro-etching kunokonzera kusava neporosity;

4. Kusakwana kwe electroplating kunokonzera kusina-porous;

5. Drill hole burned or dust plugged the hole to cause non-porous;

Kuvandudza

1. Mhangura yekunyudza haina porous:

a. Porosity inokonzerwa ne pore modifier: imhaka yekusaenzana kana kutadza kwemakemikari emushonga wepore modifier. Basa reiyo pore modifier ndere kugadzirisa magetsi eiyo insulating substrate pamadziro epore kufambisa kunotevera adsorption ye palladium ions uye kuve nechokwadi chemakemikari Kuvharwa kwemhangura kwapera. Kana kemikari yemakemikari yeporogen isingaenzaniswi kana kuti inokundikana, inotungamirira kune isina-porosity.

b. Activator: izvo zvakakosha zvinongedzo ndeye pd, organic acid, stannous ion uye chloride. Kuti uise simbi palladium zvakafanana pamadziro egomba, zvakakosha kudzora ma parameter akasiyana siyana kuti asangane nezvinodiwa. Tora activator yedu yazvino semuenzaniso:

① Tembiricha inodzorwa pa35-44 ° C. Kana kutonhora kwakaderera, kuwanda kwepalladium deposition haina kukwana, zvichiita kuti makemikari asina kukwana evhavha yemhangura; kana tembiricha yakakwira, mhinduro yacho inokurumidza uye mutengo wezvinhu unowedzera.

② Iko kusungirirwa uye colorimetric control ndeye 80% -100%. Kana iyo yakasungwa yakaderera, kuwanda kwepalladium yakaiswa pairi hakuna kukwana.

Iyo kemikari yemhangura yekuvhara haina kukwana; iyo yakakwirira yekuisa pfungwa, iyo yakakwirira yezvinhu zvinodhura nekuda kwekukurumidza kuita.

c. Accelerator: Chinhu chikuru ndeye organic acid, iyo inoshandiswa kubvisa stannous uye chloride ion makomisheni akaiswa pamadziro epore, ichiburitsa iyo catalytic simbi palladium kune inotevera maitiro. Iyo accelerator yatiri kushandisa ikozvino ine chemikemikari ye 0.35-0.50N. Kana iyo yakasungirirwa yakakwira, simbi palladium inobviswa, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwekemikari yemhangura kufukidzwa. Kana iyo yakasungwa yakaderera, mhedzisiro yekubvisa iyo stannous uye chloride ion makomisheni adsorbed pamadziro epore haina kunaka, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwekemikari yemhangura kufukidzwa.

2. Pane mafuta emufirimu akanyorova asara mugomba achikonzera kusaita porosity:

a. Kana sikirini ichidhinda firimu rakanyorova, dhinda bhodhi uye wokwenya pasi pechidzitiro kamwe chete kuti uone kuti hapana kuunganidzwa kwemafuta pazasi pechidzitiro, uye hapazove nekusara kwemafuta emufirimu akanyorova mugomba mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa.

b. Iyo 68-77T skrini inoshandiswa kune yakanyorova firimu skrini kudhinda. Kana iyo skrini isiriyo ikashandiswa, senge ≤51T, mafuta emufirimu akanyorova anogona kupinda mugomba, uye mafuta ari mugomba anogona kunge asina kugadzirwa zvakachena panguva yekuvandudza. Pane dzimwe nguva, simbi yesimbi haizoputirwi, zvichiita kuti irege kuva ne-porous. Kana mesh yakakwira, zvinogoneka kuti nekuda kwekushomeka kweinki ukobvu, iyo anti-coating firimu inoputswa neazvino panguva ye electroplating, zvichikonzera akawanda masimbi mapoinzi pakati pemaseketi kana kunyange mapfupi maseketi.

Tatu, yakagadziriswa nzvimbo yakavhurika dunhu

1. Dunhu rakavhurika rinokonzerwa nekukwenya pamutsetse wefirimu wakatarisana;

2. Kune trachoma pane yakatarisana firimu line inokonzera dunhu rakavhurika;

Vandudza nzira

1. Kukwenya pamutsetse wemutsetse wefirimu kunokonzera dunhu rakavhurika, uye firimu repamusoro rinokwizwa pamusoro pebhodhi repamusoro kana marara kukwenya mutsara wepamusoro wefirimu, zvichikonzera kutapurirana kwechiedza. Mushure mekusimudzira, mutsara wefirimu scratch inofukidzwawo neingi, inokonzera electroplating Painopikisa plating, dunhu rinoputika uye rinovhurwa panguva yekucheka.

2. Kune trachoma pamutsara wemufirimu wepamusoro panguva yekuenzanisa, uye mutsara uri mufirimu trachoma uchiri kuvharwa neingi mushure mekugadzirwa, zvichiita kuti pave ne-anti-plating panguva ye electroplating, uye mutsara unoputika uye unovhurwa panguva yekucheka.

Ina, anti-plating yakavhurika dunhu

1. Iyo firimu yakaoma yakaputsika uye yakanamatira kudunhu panguva yekusimudzira, zvichiita kuti mhepo yakazaruka;

2. Ink inosungirirwa pamusoro pechekiti kuti iite mhepo yakazaruka;

Vandudza nzira

1. Vhura dunhu rinokonzerwa neyakaputsika firimu rakaoma rakanamirwa pamutsetse:

a. “Makomba ekuchera” uye “maburi ekudhinda-screen” pamucheto wefirimu kana firimu haana kuvharwa zvachose nechiedza-kuvhara tepi. Iyo firimu yakaoma pamucheto webhodhi inoporeswa nechiedza panguva yekuratidzwa uye inova yakaoma firimu panguva yekuvandudza. Zvimedu zvinodonhedzwa mumugadziri kana tangi yekugeza mvura, uye zvidimbu zvefirimu zvakaoma zvinonamatira kudunhu pabhodhi repamusoro panguva yebhodhi rinotevera. Ivo vanopikisa plating panguva ye electroplating uye vanogadzira dunhu rakavhurika mushure mekunge firimu rabviswa uye rakaiswa.

b. Makomba asina-metallized akafukidzwa nefirimu yakaoma. Munguva yekusimudzira, nekuda kwekudzvinyirira kwakanyanya kana kusakwana kunamatira, iyo yakafukidzwa yakaoma firimu mugomba inoputswa kuita zvidimbu uye inodonhedza mugadziri kana tangi yekugeza mvura. Zvimedu zvemufirimu wakaoma zvakasungirirwa kudunhu, izvo zvinopesana nekuputira panguva ye electroplating, uye inoumba dunhu rakazaruka mushure mokunge firimu rabviswa uye rakaiswa.

2. Pane inki yakanamirwa pamusoro pedunhu kuti iite dunhu rakavhurika. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti inki haina kubikwa kare kana huwandu hweinki mugadziri hwakawandisa. Inosungirirwa kumutsara panguva yebhodhi rinotevera, uye inopesana nekuputira panguva ye electroplating, uye dunhu rakazaruka rinoumbwa mushure mokunge firimu rabviswa uye rakaiswa.