PCB (bolodi losindikizidwa) Titha kugawidwa mu PCB okhwima ndi PCB yosinthasintha, yoyamba imatha kugawidwa m’mitundu itatu: PCB yokhayo, PCB yachiwiri, komanso ma PCB angapo. PCBS can be divided into three quality grades based on quality grade: Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3, with 3 of these having the highest requirements. Kusiyana kwamitundu yama PCB kumabweretsa kusiyanasiyana pamavuto ndi kuyesa ndi njira zowunikira. Pakadali pano, akaunti ya PCBS yolimba yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri komanso yosanjikiza yamagulu angapo ogwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zamagetsi, ndipo nthawi zina ma PCBS osinthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito m’malo ena. Therefore, this paper will focus on the quality inspection of rigid double-sided and multi-layer PCBs. PCB ikapangidwa, iyenera kuyang’aniridwa kuti iwone ngati mtunduwo ukugwirizana ndi zofunikira pamapangidwewo. It can be considered that quality inspection is an important guarantee of product quality and the smooth implementation of subsequent procedures.

Muyezo woyendera

PCB inspection standards mainly include the following aspects:

A. Miyezo yokhazikitsidwa ndi dziko lililonse;

B. Miyezo yankhondo mdziko lililonse;

C. Industrial muyezo monga SJ / T10309;

D. PCB inspection instructions formulated by equipment supplier;

E. Luso zofunika chizindikiro pa PCB kapangidwe zojambula.

For PCBS that have been identified as keyboards in equipment, these key characteristic parameters and indicators must be centralized and checked from the head, in addition to regular inspection. Kwa zala zakumapazi.

Zinthu zoyendera

Mosasamala mtundu wa PCB, ayenera kukumana ndi njira zowunika zofananira komanso zinthu zina. Malinga ndi njira yoyendera, zinthu zowunika bwino nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuwunika kowonera, kuyang’anira magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, kuyang’anira magwiridwe antchito aukadaulo, komanso kuyang’anira masanjidwe.

• Kuyendera zowoneka

Kuyang’ana kowoneka bwino ndikosavuta mothandizidwa ndi wolamulira, woyeserera vernier, kapena galasi lokulitsa. Kuyendera kumaphatikizapo:

A. kukula kwa mbale, kukhathamira kwapamwamba, ndi warpage.

B. Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a msonkhano, makamaka kukula kwa msonkhano wogwirizana ndi zolumikizira zamagetsi ndi njanji zowongolera.

C. Kukhulupirika ndi kuwoneka bwino kwamachitidwe azikhalidwe komanso kupezeka kwa kutchinga burr yaifupi, yotseguka, kapena yopanda pake.

D. Mtundu wapamwamba, kupezeka kwa maenje, zokanda, kapena zibowo pamtengo kapena pad. Location of pad holes and other holes. Mabowo ayenera kufufuzidwa kuti akukhomerera kapena kulakwitsa molakwika, mabowo m’mimba mwake amakwaniritsa zofunikira pamapangidwe, ndi ma nodulo ndi ma voids.

F. Pad quality and firmness, roughness, brightness, and clearance of raised defects.

G. Wokutira khalidwe. The coating flux is uniform and firm, the position is correct, the flux is uniform, and the color meets the requirements.

H. Makhalidwe, monga olimba, oyera, ndi aukhondo, opanda zokopa, zosalowera, kapena zoswa.

• Kuyendera magwiridwe antchito amagetsi

Pali mayeso awiri pamayeso awa:

A. Connection performance test. Pakuyesaku, multimeter imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang’ana kulumikizana kwamachitidwe opyola kudzera pazitsulo zolimbitsa thupi kudzera m’mabowo a PCBS okhala mbali ziwiri komanso kulumikizana kwa ma PCBS angapo. Pakuyesaku, PCBCart imapereka cheke chilichonse pa PCB iliyonse isanatuluke m’nyumba yake kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchito zake zikwaniritsidwa.

B. Mayesowa adapangidwa kuti awone kusakanikirana kwa ndege yomweyo kapena pakati pa ndege zosiyanasiyana kuti zitsimikizire kuyendetsa kwa PCB.

• Kuyendera ukadaulo waukadaulo

General technical inspection includes weldability and electroplating adhesion inspection. Zakale, yang’anani kunyowa kwa solder pamachitidwe oyendetsa. For the latter, it can be checked by qualified tips that are first glued to the plating surface to be examined and then quickly pulled out after being pressed evenly. Chotsatira, ndege yoyeserera iyenera kuwonedwa kuti iwoneke. Kuphatikiza apo, ma cheke ena amatha kusankhidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, monga zojambulazo zamkuwa zotsutsana ndi kugwa kwamphamvu komanso mphamvu zamagetsi zosagwirizana.

• Metallization kudzera pakuwunika

Ubwino wa mabowo okhala ndi chitsulo umagwira ntchito yofunikira mu PCB yamagulu awiri komanso ma PCB angapo. Zolephera zambiri zama module amagetsi komanso zida zonse zimachitika chifukwa cha mabowo okhala ndi chitsulo. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to the inspection of metalized holes. Kuyendera kwazitsulo kumaphatikizapo izi:

A. Ndege yachitsulo yokhoma pakhoma iyenera kukhala yokwanira komanso yosalala, yopanda kanthu kapena nodule.

B. Katundu wamagetsi amayenera kuyang’aniridwa potengera dera lalifupi komanso lotseguka la pedi ndi kulimbikira pakati pa dzenje ndikutsogolera kudzera pakuyimitsa ndege. After environmental testing, the resistance change rate of the through-hole should not exceed 5% to 10%. Mechanical strength refers to the bonding strength between the metalized through-hole and pad. Mayeso a kusanthula kwa Metallographic ali ndiudindo wofufuza kukula kwa kapangidwe kake, makulidwe ndi kufanana kwake kwa malo opaka, komanso kulumikizana kwamphamvu pakati pachitolacho ndi zojambulazo zamkuwa.

Kuyendera kwazitsulo nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizidwa ndikuwunika kozungulira ndikuwunika kwamakina. Kuyang’anitsitsa ndikuwona kuti PCB imayikidwa ndikuwunika komanso kuti khoma lonse losalala limanyezimira. Komabe, kudutsa pamakoma okhala ndi tinthu tozungulira kapena ma void sikungakhale kowala kwambiri. Pakapangidwe kazinthu zambiri, kuyendera kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi zida zoyesera pa intaneti monga woyesa singano zouluka.

Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka ma PCB angapo, ndizovuta kupeza zolakwika msanga mavuto akachitika m’mayeso amisonkhano yamagawo. Chifukwa chake, kuwona mawonekedwe ake ndi kudalirika kuyenera kukhala kovuta kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa zinthu zoyeserera pamwambapa, zinthu zina zowunika zimaphatikizapo magawo otsatirawa: kukana kondakitala, kukaniza kopyola-bowo, kufupika kwamkati, ndi kutseguka, kutchinjiriza pakati pamawaya, mphamvu yolumikiza ndege, kulumikizana, kukana kutentha, kukana kwamphamvu, kusintha kwamakina, mphamvu zapano, ndi zina zambiri. Chizindikiro chilichonse chiyenera kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera ndi njira.