PCB kudzera pa dzenje la pulagi

Via hole amatchedwanso kudzera kubowo. Kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira za kasitomala, bowo loyendetsa dera liyenera kudulidwa. Pambuyo pakuchita zambiri, njira yokhayokha ya aluminiyamu imasinthidwa, ndipo kutsekemera kolimba ndi dzenje la bolodi la dera zimamalizidwa ndi mauna oyera. Kupanga khola ndi mtundu wodalirika.

Via hole amatenga gawo polumikiza ndikuchita ma circuits. Kukula kwa mafakitale amagetsi kumalimbikitsanso chitukuko cha PCB, ndipo kumapereka zofunikira patsogolo pakupanga kwa PCB ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba. Njira yolumikizira dzenje idayamba ndipo iyenera kukwaniritsa izi:

（1, Ngati pali mkuwa mu dzenje, limatha kutsegulidwa popanda kuwotcherera;

（2） Payenera kukhala malata pakati pa dzenje, ndi makulidwe ena (4 ma microns), ndipo palibe solder yolimbana ndi inki yomwe ingalowe mu dzenje, zomwe zimabweretsa mikanda yamalobo mu dzenje;

（3, Kupyola mu bowo kuyenera kuti anali ndi solder yolimbana ndi dzenje la inki, lomwe silowoneka bwino, ndipo silikhala ndi mphete ya malata, mkanda wa malata, kusasunthika ndi zofunikira zina.

Ndikukula kwa zinthu zamagetsi motsogozedwa ndi “kuwala, koonda, kochepa komanso kakang’ono”, PCB ikukulirakuliranso kwambiri komanso kuvuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pali ma PCB ambiri a SMT ndi BGA, ndipo makasitomala amafunikira mabowo a pulagi mukakhazikitsa zinthu, zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito zisanu:

（1, Pewani dera lalifupi lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi malata olowerera kudzera pazomwe zimachokera pobowo panthawi ya PCB pamagetsi a soldering; Makamaka, tikayika kudzera pa BGA pad, tiyenera kupanga dzenje ndikuyika ma golide kuti atsegule BGA.

（2） Pewani zotsalira za dzenje loboola;

（3, Pambuyo pokwera pamwamba ndi gawo la fakitale yamagetsi kumalizidwa, PCB iyenera kuyamwa zingalowe pa woyesayo kuti apange zovuta:

（4, Pewani phala la solder kuti lisakwere dzenje, zomwe zimadzetsa kuwotcherera konyenga ndipo kumakhudza kuyika;

（5, Pewani mikanda yamatini kuti isatuluke nthawi yayitali pakuwombera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale gawo lalifupi.

Kuzindikira luso dzenje pulagi kwa dzenje conductive

Pamwamba pokhazikitsa mbale, makamaka kukhazikitsidwa kwa BGA ndi IC, dzenje labowo liyenera kukhala lathyathyathya, lokhazikika komanso lophatikizika kapena lochepera 1mil, ndipo m’mphepete mwa bowo silikhala lofiira kapena malata; Tin mikanda amasungidwa mu dzenje. Kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira za makasitomala, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zamabowo olowera mu dzenje. Njira ikuyenda imakhala yayitali kwambiri komanso kuyendetsa njira kumakhala kovuta. Mafuta nthawi zambiri amaphulika panthawi yotentha kwa mpweya wotentha komanso mayeso obiriwira osakanikirana ndi mafuta; Kuphulika kwamafuta ndi mavuto ena zimachitika atachira. Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili pakapangidwe kake, njira zingapo za phukusi la PCB zidafotokozedwa mwachidule, ndipo kufananiza kwina ndi mafotokozedwe amapangidwa panjirayi, zabwino ndi zoyipa zake:

Chidziwitso: chofunikira pakugwiritsira ntchito mpweya wotentha ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotentha kuti muchotse solder wochulukirapo pamwamba ndi mabowo a board board yosindikizidwa, ndipo solder yotsalayo ili yokutidwa padi, mizere yosasunthika ya solder ndi malo osungira pamwamba, omwe ndi imodzi mwa njira kusindikizidwa dera bolodi chithandizo pamwamba.

1, pulagi dzenje luso pambuyo kukhazikika otentha mpweya

Njira ikuyenda ndi: mbale pamwamba kukana kuwotcherera → Hal → pulagi dzenje → kuchiritsa. Non pulagi ndondomeko dzenje ndi anatengera kupanga. Pambuyo pokwaniritsa mpweya wotentha, chophimba cha aluminiyamu kapena chophimba cha inki chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza mabowo obowolera zipilala zonse zomwe makasitomala amafunikira. Dzenje la pulagi limatha kukhala inki ya photosensitive kapena inki ya thermosetting. Potengera kuwonetsetsa kusasinthasintha kwa mtundu wanyimbo wamafilimu, inki ya dzenje lazitsulo liyenera kugwiritsa ntchito inki yomweyo ngati mbale. Izi zitha kuonetsetsa kuti dzenje lomwe silikugwetsa mafuta likangotha, koma ndikosavuta kuyambitsa inki ya pulagi kuti iwononge mbaleyo komanso yopanda kufanana. Makasitomala ndiosavuta kuyambitsa soldering yabodza pakuwongolera (makamaka ku BGA). Chifukwa chake, makasitomala ambiri savomereza njirayi.

2, Hot mpweya kukhazikika kutsogolo pulagi dzenje luso

2.1 ntchito pepala zotayidwa pulagi mabowo, kulimbitsa ndi akupera mbale, ndiyeno kusamutsa zithunzi

Pochita izi, makina obowolera a CNC amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola pepala la aluminiyamu kuti lidulidwe, kulipanga kukhala chophimba, ndikubowola dzenje kuti muwonetsetse kuti dzenje la pulagi ladzaza, inki ya dzenje, inki ya dzenje, ndi thermosetting ink ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Iyenera kukhala yodziwika ndi kuuma kwakukulu, kusintha kwa utomoni wocheperako komanso kulumikizana bwino ndi khoma labowo. Njira otaya ndi: pretreatment → pulagi dzenje → mbale umapezeka → kutengerapo chitsanzo → etching → mbale pamwamba kukaniza kuwotcherera

Njirayi imatha kuwonetsetsa kuti dzenje lakubowo likhala lathyathyathya ndipo mpweya wotentha sudzakhala ndi mavuto monga kuphulika kwamafuta ndi dontho lamafuta pamphepete mwake. Komabe, ndondomekoyi imafuna nthawi imodzi kulimba kwa mkuwa kuti makulidwe amkuwa a khoma la dzenje akwaniritse miyezo ya kasitomala. Chifukwa chake, imafunikira kwambiri kupindika kwa mkuwa wa mbale yonse ndi magwiridwe antchito a mbaleyo kuti zitsimikizire kuti utomoni pamwamba pamkuwa wachotsedweratu ndipo pamwamba pamkuwa ndiwopanda zoyipitsidwa. Mafakitale ambiri a PCB alibe nthawi yolimba yamkuwa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito sangakwaniritse zofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi m’mafakitale a PCB.

2.2 pulagi dzenje ndi pepala la aluminiyamu kenako ndikuwonetseratu mbaleyo kuti iwonongeke

Pochita izi, makina obowolera a CNC amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola pepala la aluminiyamu kuti lilowetsedwe mu mbale yotchinga, yomwe imayikidwa pamakina osindikizira pazenera. Kutsekera kumalizika, sikudzaimikidwa kwa mphindi zopitilira 30, ndipo chinsalu cha 36t chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira poyang’ana mbale kuti ayimitsidwe. Njirayi ikuyenda ndi: prereatment – plugging – screen printing – pre kuyanika – kuwonekera – Development – kuchiritsa

Izi zitha kuonetsetsa kuti chivundikiro cha mafuta pabowo chili chabwino, dzenje la pulagi ndilopanda, ndipo mtundu wonyowa wamafilimuwo umakhala wofanana. Pambuyo pa kutenthetsa kwa mpweya, kumatha kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe tini pabowo ndipo palibe mikanda yamatini yobisika mdzenjemo, koma ndikosavuta kuyambitsa penti ya solder pa inki mdzenje mutatha kuchira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti solderability isakhale bwino; Pambuyo pokonza mpweya wotentha, m’mphepete mwake mumabowo thovu ndikuponya mafuta. Ndizovuta kuwongolera kapangidwe kake ndi njirayi. Akatswiri opanga njirazo ayenera kutsatira njira zapadera ndi magawo kuti atsimikizire kuti dzenje la pulagi limakhala labwino.

2.3 khalidwe mbale pamwamba kukaniza kuwotcherera pambuyo zotayidwa pepala pulagi dzenje, chitukuko, pre kuchiritsa ndi akupera.

Tsamba la aluminiyamu lomwe limafuna dzenje la pulagi liboola makina a pobowola a NC kuti apange chinsalu, ndikuyika pamakina osindikizira pazenera. Dzenje la pulagi liyenera kukhala lodzaza ndikuwonekera mbali zonse ziwiri. Pambuyo pochiritsa, mbale yopera idzayang’aniridwa ndi mankhwala apamwamba. Njirayi ikuyenda ndi:

Chifukwa njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwa dzenje, imatha kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe mafuta akuphulika komanso kuphulika kwamafuta kudzera mu Hal, koma ndizovuta kuthana ndi malata kudzera pamikanda yazitsulo komanso kudzera m’mabowo pambuyo pa Hal, makasitomala ambiri amachita osavomereza.

2.4 mbale pamwamba kukana kuwotcherera ndi dzenje pulagi adzamalizidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mauna a waya a 36t (43T), omwe amaikidwa pamakina osindikizira, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mbale yoyeserera kapena bedi la msomali kuti adutse maenje onse pomaliza kumaliza. Njirayi ikuyenda ndi: prereatment – kusindikiza pazenera – kuyanika musanachitike – kuwonekera – Kukula – kuchiritsa.

Njirayi ili ndi zabwino zakanthawi kochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zida zamagetsi, zomwe zitha kutsimikizira kuti palibe kutayika kwamafuta mu dzenje ndi malata pabowo pambuyo pokhazikika kwa mpweya wotentha. Komabe, chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito makina osindikiza a silika pa dzenje la pulagi, pali mpweya wambiri pabowo. Pakulimbitsa, mpweya umakulitsa ndikudutsa mufilimu yotsutsana ndi solder, zomwe zimabweretsa mabowo ndi kufanana. Padzakhala pang’ono malata mu dzenje pambuyo pa mpweya wotentha. Pakadali pano, pambuyo poyesa zambiri, kampani yathu yakwanitsa kuthana ndi vuto loboola ndi kusagwirizana posankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inki ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndikusintha kukakamizidwa ndi kusindikiza kwa silika. Izi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga misa